scholarly journals Lack of Consistent Association between Asthma, Allergic Diseases and Intestinal Helminth Infection in School-Aged Children in the Province of Bengo, Angola

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6156
Author(s):  
Margarete Arrais ◽  
Ofélia Lulua ◽  
Francisca Quifica ◽  
José Rosado-Pinto ◽  
Jorge M. R. Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
The Relationship

Epidemiological studies have shown conflicting findings on the relationship between asthma, atopy, and intestinal helminth infections. There are no such studies from Angola; therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between asthma, allergic diseases, atopy, and intestinal helminth infection in Angolan schoolchildren. We performed a cross-sectional study of schoolchildren between September and November 2017. Five schools (three urban, two rural) were randomly selected. Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema were defined by appropriate symptoms in the previous 12 months: atopy was defined by positive skin prick tests (SPT) or aeroallergen-specific IgE; intestinal helminths were detected by faecal sample microscopy. In total, 1023 children were evaluated (48.4% female; 57.6% aged 10–14 years; 60.5% urban). Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, or eczema were present in 9%, 6%, and 16% of the studies children, respectively. Only 8% of children had positive SPT, but 64% had positive sIgE. Additionally, 40% were infected with any intestinal helminth (A. lumbricoides 25.9%, T. trichiura 7.6%, and H. nana 6.3%). There were no consistent associations between intestinal helminth infections and asthma, allergic diseases, or atopy, except for A. lumbricoides, which was inversely associated with rhinoconjuctivitis and directly associated with aeroallergen-specific IgE. We concluded that, overall, intestinal helminth infections were not consistently associated with allergic symptoms or atopy. Future, preferably longitudinal, studies should collect more detailed information on helminth infections as part of clusters of environmental determinants of allergies.

The epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminth and protozoan infections in south-west Cameroon

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Mbuh ◽  
N.H. Ntonifor ◽  
J. Ojong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Heavy Loads

AbstractA cross-sectional study of the prevalence, intensity and effects of soil-transmitted helminth and protozoan infections was undertaken among patients at the Buea Hospital Annex located in Buea sub-division of Cameroon. Stool samples from 356 subjects (174 males and 182 females) were collected and processed using standard concentration methods. Our results showed that 31.0% of subjects were infected with intestinal helminths and the prevalence was higher in females (32.4%) than in males (30.5%). A significantly higher prevalence was observed in rural (47.2%) than in urban areas (21.0%); significance < 0.1%. Prevalence was highest among those aged between 6 and 12 years (41.4%). The total prevalence of intestinal helminth infections were 19.3% for Ascaris lumbricoides, 14.0% for hookworm and 11.8% for Trichuris trichiura. The intensity of infection was unevenly distributed, with very heavy loads concentrated in a few individuals. Data also showed that 28.1% (100/356) of the subjects were infected with protozoans. Females showed a higher prevalence (28.6%; 52/182) than males (20.7%; 36/174). Also, there was a significantly higher prevalence in rural (34.0%; 49/144) than urban areas (18.4%; 39/212); significance < 0.1%. The age group 6–12 years again had a higher prevalence (37.1%; 26/70). The total prevalence of intestinal protozoans was: Entamoeba histolytica (24.4%), Entamoeba coli (11.2%) and Giardia lamblia (0.6%). These relatively heavy prevalences in patients may be reduced by appropriate medication and maintaining strict personal hygiene. Health education, clean water supply, good sewage management and a congenial environment will all help to minimize infection.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic intestinal helminth co-infection among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in urban Surabaya: a preliminary study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Rifat Nurwita Kusumaningtyas ◽  
Indah Setyawati Tantular ◽  
Deby Kusumaningrum ◽  
Rina K Kusumaratna
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Few Data

BACKGROUNDPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and East Java province is the second largest contributor of co-infection in Indonesia. Asymptomatic helminth infection among pulmonary tuberculosis patients causes another public health problem. Few data relate to helminth infection based on clinical and immunological outcomes of pulmonary TB in highly endemic areas. METHODSThis study was designed as a preliminary study and aimed to determine helminth co-infection among TB patients with a macroscopic assessment. This cross-sectional study was conducted in June-August 2017. RESULTSAmong 16 treated active TB patients from TB cohort data of Tanakali Kedinding health center found that 56% were stool smear-positive for Trichuris trichiura eggs, but had no clinical symptoms. CONCLUSIONWhether or not the helminth infection may have an impact on the diagnosis and treatment of active TB remains to be further investigated. Co-infection could be inhibited by the host immune response and improve the prognosis of TB treatment.

scholarly journals Intestinal Helminth Infections, Compliance and Effectiveness of Albendazole Treatment among CDC Workers (18-45 Years) in Tiko, South-West Region, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Judith Lum Ndamukong-Nyanga ◽  
Dioh Njanakea Owah ◽  
Nyanga Bernard Yunga ◽  
Desdemona Njabi Nji ◽  
Changsen Jacqueline
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stool Samples

Intestinal helminthes infections are among the most prevalent of chronic human infections worldwide. These infections are common among people who work under very poor conditions most of the time without protective hand gloves, shoes and uniforms in the field. A cross-sectional study was done to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthes among Cameroon Development Cooperation (CDC) workers and their compliance to anti-helminthic treatement form November 2017 to April 2018. It involved 102 workers aged18-45 years attending CDC cottage Hospital in Tiko. A cross-sectional study was done in which demographic data and data related to predisposing factors and preventive measures was collected using a simplified questionnaire, stool samples were collected pre and post treatement. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of stool samples was carried out in the hospital laboratory. Out of 102 people, a total of 81 (79.4%) people were infected with one or more species of intestitinal helminthes and there was significant difference in the infection with respect to various helminthes species (0.004). Among the 81 infected cases, 58(71.6%) were infected with single helminth species and 23 (28.4%) were infected with more than one species (coinfection). Intestinal helminths varied significantly among the participants with prevalences of 24.5% for T. trichuris, 6,9% for Hookworm, 0.9% for S. japanicum, 24.5% for S. haematobium, 34.3% for A. lumbricoides and 7.8% for S.  mansoni (P<0.004). Out of the 40 participants who took the drug (albendazole), 32 (80%) came for retesting and disappointedly, 8 (20.00%) of the treated participants did not come.  A majority of the 32 people retested were negative (28, 87.5%) for all species of intestinal helminth parasites, 4 (12.5%) still tested positive for the parasite presence in their stool among which 2 had schistosoma haematobium, one had schistosoma mansoni and one had Ascaris lumbricoides. Workers were recommended to wear protective hand gloves, and proper working shoes in line with their work description.

scholarly journals Measles antibody seropositivity among children with allergic diseases: A cross-sectional study in the Japan Environment & Children’s Pilot Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257721
Author(s):  
Mayako Saito-Abe ◽  
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada ◽  
Kensuke Shoji ◽  
Miori Sato ◽  
Makoto Irahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background The relationship between allergic individuals and their responsiveness to routine vaccines has rarely been investigated. This study examined whether the seroprevalence of measles antibody differed between children with and without allergic diseases in the general pediatric population. Methods The cross-sectional study was performed within a prospective general birth cohort (a pilot study of the Japan Environment & Children’s Pilot Study [JECS]) of children aged 8 years. The clinical history of allergic diseases, measles, and the concentration of measles immunoglobulin G titers in serum enzyme immunoassay were examined. Fisher’s exact tests were used to assess the relationships between the allergic characteristics of the children and their measles antibody positivity rates. Results This study included 162 children. Any allergic disease was reported in 75 (46.3%). The measles antibody positivity rate was 94.7% among children with any allergic diseases and 92.0% among children without allergic diseases. Our results revealed no differences in measles antibody seropositivity between children with allergies and controls. Conclusions Children with allergies mount and maintain a comparable immune response to the measles vaccine.

Lipid Transfer Protein Sensitization: Risk of Anaphylaxis and Molecular Sensitization Profile in Pru p 3-Sensitized Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maria Ruano-Zaragoza ◽  
Maria Luisa Somoza ◽  
Teodorikez Wilfox Jiménez-Rodriguez ◽  
Victor Soriano-Gomis ◽  
Purificación González-Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Transfer Protein ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Lipid Transfer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Pru P 3

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Component-resolved diagnosis reveals the IgE response to many inhaled, food, and other allergens, improving the understanding and diagnosis of allergic diseases. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aims of the study are to study the recognition of different lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) and other allergen families in a large group of people sensitized to Pru p 3 and to analyze the relationship between the clinical entities and the allergens. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This cross-sectional study included a large cohort of patients with positive skin tests to peach fruit and Pru p 3 specific IgE antibodies. Respiratory and food allergy symptoms were collected, and we performed prick tests with pollen, plant food, and other allergens plus the ImmunoCAP ISAC assay. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our sample consisted of 421 people with a mean age of 33.25 years (range 16–68); 54.6% were women. Clinical entities included anaphylaxis (37.1%), urticaria (67.9%), and oral allergy syndrome (59.1%). Rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and/or asthma were diagnosed in 71.8% of the participants. The most pronounced correlation existed between sensitization to Pru p 3 and to Jug r 3, Pla a 3, Ara h 9, and Cor a 8. We found a higher incidence of anaphylaxis in people with 5 or more recognized LTPs. No association was observed between inhaled and food allergies. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Most Pru p 3-sensitized participants were sensitized to additional allergens from the same family and, to a lesser extent, to other allergens, mainly in the profilin and PR-10 protein families. Anaphylaxis occurred in more than a third of the cases evaluated, and almost three-quarters of them had respiratory symptoms. Respiratory and food allergies involving LTPs do not seem to be associated.

scholarly journals The association between allergy and sinusitis: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2005–2006

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Chu-Jin Zhao ◽  
Hong-Li Hua ◽  
Yu-Qin Deng ◽  
Ze-Zhang Tao
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Serum Total Ige ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between allergies and sinusitis, though extensively studied, remains poorly defined. While several studies proposed a cause-and-effect relationship between allergy and chronic sinusitis, several others reported the lack of any existing association. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between allergy and sinusitis. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a representative sample of the US population from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005‒2006 (n  = 7244). A self-reported allergy questionnaire and total and allergen-specific IgE levels were used for analysis. Participants were divided into positive and negative allergy symptoms groups (PAS, NAS, respectively) to eliminate the influence of allergy symptoms on the apparent incidence of sinusitis. Pearson’s chi-square test and the linear regression analysis using Durbin Watson test were used for statistical analysis. Results Sinusitis incidence in the PAS group (22.4%; 521/2327) was significantly higher than that in the NAS group (7.1%; 348/4917) [odds ratios (OR)  = 3.788, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.272‒4.384, P  < 0.001]. sinusitis incidence in non-sensitized and sensitized groups was not statistically different. After controlling for allergy symptoms, there was a negative correlation between sensitization status and the occurrence of sinusitis in the PAS group (OR  = 1.407, 95% CI 1.156‒1.711, P  < 0.01). Increase in serum total IgE levels correlated with decrease in incidence of sinusitis in both PAS and NAS groups. sinusitis incidence was significantly reduced in the PAS group in participants sensitized to allergens such as cockroaches, ragweed, ryegrass, Bermuda grass, oak, birch, and thistle. Conclusion Allergy is related to sinusitis incidence. It is likely that sensitization status could reduce the incidence of sinusitis, albeit in an antigen-specific manner.

scholarly journals Intestinal helminth infections amongst HIV-infected adults in Mthatha General Hospital, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olukayode A. Adeleke ◽  
Parimalaranie Yogeswaran ◽  
Graham Wright
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
The Mean

Background: In South Africa, studies on the prevalence of intestinal helminth co-infection amongst HIV-infected patients as well as possible interactions between these two infection sare limited.Aim: To investigate the prevalence of intestinal helminth infestation amongst adults living with HIV or AIDS at Mthatha General Hospital.Setting: Study participants were recruited at the outpatient department of Mthatha General Hospital, Mthatha, South Africa.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2013 amongst consecutive consenting HIV-positive adult patients. Socio-demographic and clinical information were obtained using data collection forms and structured interviews. Stool samples were collected to investigate the presence of helminths whilst blood samples were obtained for the measurement of CD4+ T-cell count and viral load.Results: Data were obtained on 231 participants, with a mean age of 34.9 years, a mean CD4 count of 348 cells/μL and a mean viral load of 4.8 log10 copies/mL. Intestinal helminth prevalence was 24.7%, with Ascaris Lumbricoides (42.1%) the most prevalent identified species. Statistically significant association was found between CD4 count of less than 200 cells/ μLand helminth infection (p = 0.05). No statistically significant association was found between intestinal helminth infection and the mean CD4 count (p = 0.79) or the mean viral load (p = 0.98).Conclusion: A high prevalence of intestinal helminth infections was observed amongst the study population. Therefore, screening and treatment of helminths should be considered as part of the management of HIV and AIDS in primary health care.

scholarly journals The relationship between allergic diseases and internalizing and externalizing behaviours in Spanish children: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
M Pilar Berzosa-Grande ◽  
Eduardo González-Fraile ◽  
Rocío Sánchez- López ◽  
María Soria-Oliver ◽  
Santiago Rueda-Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Children’S Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalising Behaviours ◽  
Control Study

Introduction and objectives: The relationship between allergic diseases and behavioural dis-orders is still unclear. The objective of this study was to describe and compare children’s behaviour (internalising and externalising) across a sample of children aged 6–11 years with and without allergic diseases. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional observational case-control study. A survey to 366 families (194 allergic cases and 172 controls), including a child behaviour checklist (CBCL) and a socio-demographic questionnaire with questions related to family, school education, health conditions and allergy symptoms, was administered. Results: Children with a diagnosis of allergy showed higher scores in the overall CBCL score (standardised mean differences [SMD] = 0.47;  confidence  intervals  [CI]:  0.26–0.68)  and in the internalising and externalising factors (SMD = 0.52 and SMD = 0.36, respectively) than non-allergic children. Odds ratio (OR) analyses showed a higher risk (OR = 2.76; 95% CI [1.61 to 4.72]) of developing a behavioural difficulty in children diagnosed with allergies. Age and level of asthma appear as modulatory variables. Conclusions: Children aged 6–11 years diagnosed with allergies showed larger behavioural problems than non-allergic children, especially in the case of internalising behaviours. These findings suggest the importance of attending to them and treating them in the early stages of diagnosis to avoid future psychological disorders.

scholarly journals Skin prick test reactivity in atopic children and their number of siblings

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Beatrix Siregar ◽  
Lily Irsa ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Sjabaroeddin Loebis ◽  
Rita Evalina
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of ◽  
Skin Prick Tests

Background Some studies have shown that low birth order is a risk factor for developing atopy, although these results remain inconclusive. Those studies put forth the hygiene hypothesis, which states that early childhood infections in siblings may protect against atopy. Hence, an inverse relationship between family numbers and atopy was found. Atopy may be diagnosed from a history of atopy in an individual or his family, and can be confirmed by specific IgE for allergens or positive skin prick tests.Objective To assess for an association between skin prick test reactivity in atopic children and their number of siblings.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in May to June 2010 in elementary school children at the Kampung Baru District, Medan Regency, North Sumatera. Subjects were divided into two groups. Group I had children with < 3 siblings and group II had children with ≥ 3 siblings. Skin prick tests were done in 7 to 10-year-old children with a history of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Skin prick test reactivity results were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results A total of 192 subjects were enrolled in this study, with 96 subjects in each group. Positive skin prick tests were significantly higher in subjects with <3 siblings than in those with >3 siblings (75% and 53.1%, respectively; P=0.003).Conclusion Atopic children with <3 siblings had more positive skin prick tests than children with >3 siblings.

scholarly journals Helminth Infection Increases the Probability of Indeterminate QuantiFERON Gold in Tube Results in Pregnant Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawit Gebreegziabiher ◽  
Kassu Desta ◽  
Rawleigh Howe ◽  
Markos Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Population ◽  
Indeterminate Result ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigens ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background.Approximately one-third of the world population is infected withM. tuberculosisand helminths (Kariminia et al. (2009), Walson et al. (2010)). Pregnancy and Helminth infection are known to suppress theTH1response (Kariminia et al. (2009), Elias et al. (2006)) on which the QuantiFERON Gold in Tube (QFT-GIT) assay, that measures the released IFN-γuponin vitrostimulation with mycobacterial antigens, relies on (Thomas et al. (2010)).Objective.To determine whether QFT-GIT indeterminate result is significantly associated with helminth infection or not.Methods.In this cross-sectional study, eighty-five pregnant mothers were screened for parasitic and LTBI using Kato-Katz and QFT-GIT test-respectively,Result.The prevalence of helminth infection in pregnant mothers was 23 (27%) of this 17 (20%) was due toSchistosoma mansoni. Among the total of 85 study participants 26.8% were QFT-GIT positive and 14 (17%) had indeterminate results. Three samples (21.4%) were randomly selected from the indeterminate QFT-GIT results and retested to check the reproducibility of the assay and remained indeterminate. QFT-GIT indeterminate result showed significant association with helminth infection.Conclusion.Helminth infections were significantly associated with indeterminate QFT-GIT results in pregnant mothers. Therefore further study is important to evaluate the possible effect of helminth infection by excluding the effect of pregnancy, as pregnancy also downregulates cellular immunity.

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