scholarly journals Multilevel Factors Associated with Frailty among the Rural Elderly in Korea Based on the Ecological Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4146
Author(s):  
Ah Ram Jang ◽  
Ju Young Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Community Factors

Frailty is prevalent in the rural elderly and, as a result, they are vulnerable to serious health problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the multilevel factors affecting frailty among the rural elderly using the ecological model. A total of 386 participants aged 65 years or older from 60 rural areas were included in the study. Frailty was measured using the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty index. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting frailty among the rural elderly. The results show that the levels of prevalence for robust, pre-frailty, and frailty groups were 81 (21%), 216 (56%), and 89 (23%), respectively. As for intrapersonal factors, old age, lower than middle school education, low and moderate levels of physical activity, depressive symptoms, and cognitive dysfunction significantly increased the risk of frailty; however, no interpersonal and community factors were significant in affecting frailty. The findings indicate that individualized strategies to encourage physical activity, prevent depressive symptoms, and preserve cognitive function are needed to prevent frailty in the rural elderly.

scholarly journals Husbands’ and Wives’ Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms: Longitudinal Findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 704-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan K. Monin ◽  
Becca Levy ◽  
Baibing Chen ◽  
Terri Fried ◽  
Sarah T. Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

scholarly journals A Qualitative Exploration of the “Critical Window”: Factors Affecting Australian Children’s After-School Physical Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Megan Stanley ◽  
Kobie Boshoff ◽  
James Dollman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
After School ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Children's Perceptions ◽  
Children’S Perceptions ◽  
Children’S Voices ◽  
School Period

Background:The after-school period is potentially a “critical window” for promoting physical activity in children. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore children’s perceptions of the factors influencing their engagement in physical activity during the after-school period as the first phase in the development of a questionnaire.Methods:Fifty-four South Australian children age 10−13 years participated in same gender focus groups. Transcripts, field notes, and activity documents were analyzed using content analysis. Through an inductive thematic approach, data were coded and categorized into perceived barriers and facilitators according to a social ecological model.Results:Children identified a number of factors, including safety in the neighborhood and home settings, distance to and from places, weather, availability of time, perceived competence, enjoyment of physical activity, peer influence, and parent influence. New insights into bullying and teasing by peers and fear of dangerous animals and objects were revealed by the children.Conclusions:In this study, hearing children’s voices allowed the emergence of factors which may not be exposed using existing surveys. These findings are grounded in children’s perceptions and therefore serve as a valuable contribution to the existing literature, potentially leading to improved intervention and questionnaire design.

Abstract P118: Association of Comorbid Depression and Diabetes with Mortality: A Pooled Cohort Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes R Carnethon ◽  
Peter John D De Chavez ◽  
Sherita H Golden ◽  
Brenda Campbell-Jenkins ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Additive Interaction

Background: Reports from prior studies testing whether adults with comorbid depression and diabetes have higher mortality than adults with diabetes alone are inconsistent. Explanations may include sample sizes, inadequate follow-up, or populations selected based on disease status (e.g., post- CHD). In a large sample of adults free from prevalent CHD, we tested whether the presence of depressive symptoms in persons with diabetes led to higher mortality than what would be expected by either condition alone. Methods: Participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study, Cardiovascular Health Study, Framingham Offspring Study and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis longitudinal cohort studies who had measures available to determine diabetes, depression and mortality were included in the analysis (n=17,160). Diabetes was determined based on medication use or fasting glucose > 126 mg/dL. Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores > 16 (> 8 short version) indicated high depressive symptoms. We tested whether comorbid depressive symptoms and diabetes exceeded what would be expected by the sum of the two conditions independently on the additive scale by calculating the Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI; > 0 indicates interaction). Results: Crude mortality was highest in participants who had high depressive symptoms and diabetes, followed by participants who had diabetes and low depressive symptoms. Despite a significantly elevated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) comparing participants with diabetes who had high vs. low depressive symptoms, the RERI was 0.058 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.298, 0.413) indicating an absence of additive interaction. Findings were similar across strata by sex, age (< 65, >65), race (non-white vs. white) and education (< high school vs. > high school). Conclusions: While comorbid diabetes and depressive symptoms do not act synergistically to increase mortality, death rates are highest in this subgroup of participants.

HOW DO COMMUNITY PHYSICAL AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS CLASSIFY FRAILTY? A PILOT STUDY

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
K.P. ROLAND ◽  
O. THEOU ◽  
J.M. JAKOBI ◽  
L. SWAN ◽  
G.R. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Dimensional Approach

Background: Frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome that is often difficult to diagnose, especially by healthcare professionals working in the community. Objectives, Measurements: This study examined how physical and occupational therapists classified community-dwelling clients using categories of ‘nonfrail’, ‘prefrail’ or ‘frail’ as compared to measurements of established frailty criteria from the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty index (CHSfi). Results: Results indicate that community therapists underestimate frailty in comparison to the CHSfi. Therapists’ classification of frailty suggested their perceptions of frailty may not only relate to client’s functional capacity, but the context in which the client receives care. Conclusion: A multi-dimensional approach is required to capture all aspects of frailty across the healthcare continuum that accounts for how the client thrives within their personal environment.

scholarly journals Association of Frailty With Recovery From Disability Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results From Two Large U.S. Cohorts

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenkai Wu ◽  
Dae H Kim ◽  
Qian-Li Xue ◽  
David S H Lee ◽  
Ravi Varadhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Background Disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) is a dynamic process and transitions among different disability states are common. However, little is known about factors affecting recovery from disability. We examined the association between frailty and recovery from disability among nondisabled community-dwelling elders. Methods We studied 1,023 adults from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and 685 adults from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), who were ≥65 years and had incident disability, defined as having difficulty in ≥1 ADL (dressing, eating, toileting, bathing, transferring, walking across a room). Disability recovery was defined as having no difficulty in any ADLs. Frailty was assessed by slowness, weakness, exhaustion, inactivity, and shrinking. Persons were classified as “nonfrail” (0 criteria), “prefrail” (1–2 criteria), or “frail” (3–5 criteria). Results In total, 539 (52.7%) CHS participants recovered from disability within 1 year. Almost two-thirds of nonfrail persons recovered, while less than two-fifths of the frail recovered. In the HRS, 234 (34.2%) participants recovered from disability within 2 years. Approximately half of the nonfrail recovered, while less than one-fifth of the frail recovered. After adjustment, prefrail and frail CHS participants were 16% and 36% less likely to recover than the nonfrail, respectively. In the HRS, frail persons had a 41% lower likelihood of recovery than the nonfrail. Conclusions Frailty is an independent predictor of poor recovery from disability among nondisabled older adults. These findings validate frailty as a marker of decreased resilience and may offer opportunities for individualized interventions and geriatric care based on frailty assessment.

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