scholarly journals A Typology of Poles’ Attitudes toward COVID-19 during the First Wave of the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2002
Author(s):  
Rafał Boguszewski ◽  
Marta Makowska ◽  
Monika Podkowińska
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
High Life Satisfaction ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction

(1) Objective: To explore Poles’ attitudes during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 as a contribution toward the creation of effective health policies. (2) Method: Computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) was used to survey a sample of 1001 Poles selected using quota sampling. (3) Results: Using cluster analysis, three types of attitudes were distinguished, people being classified as “involved” (48.1%), “cautious” (27.4%), or “indifferent” (24.6%). The result of greatest interest was the absence of any attitude indicating an extremely dismissive posture toward COVID-19. Three logistic regression analyses, comparing people displaying each attitude with those comparing the other two attitudes combined, showed that an involved attitude was likely to be associated with being female, being in a poorer financial situation, but having relatively high life satisfaction. A cautious attitude was more likely to appear in places with fewer residents and among people in a favorable financial situation, and that an indifferent attitude was more likely to be associated with being male and having lower life satisfaction. (4) Conclusions: The attitudes identified may help to explain why, during the spring of 2020, the virus was spreading slightly more slowly, and on a narrower scale, in Poland than in other countries.

scholarly journals Work after retirement affects elderly mental health and behaviors in Addis Ababa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510292199618
Author(s):  
Teshome Sirak Bedaso ◽  
Buxin Han
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction

This study aimed to determine the impact of being without a job post-retirement on mental health (depression, life satisfaction) and behaviors (alcohol and cigarette). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 Ethiopians aged 60–69. Compared to workers, retirees without a job reported higher depression, lower life satisfaction, and hazardous drinking ( d = .49, .39 and φ = .65, respectively). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that being without a job post-retirement was associated with depression and life dissatisfaction. Thus, greater emphasis has to be given to improve the mental health and behaviors of retired elderly.

Effect of C6-Volatiles on Bioluminescent Plant Pathogens

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 557d-557
Author(s):  
Jennifer Warr ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Bob Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Low Concentrations

C6 volatile compounds are known to be produced by the plant upon pathogen attack or other stress-related events. The biological activity of many of these substances is poorly understood, but some might produce signal molecules important in host–pathogen interactions. In this research we explored the possibility that lipid-derived C6 volatiles have a direct effect on bacterial plant pathogens. To this purpose we used a unique tool, a bacterium genetically engineered to bioluminesce. Light-producing genes from a fish-associated bacterium were introduced into Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, enabling nondestructive detection of bacteria in vitro and in the plant with special computer-assisted camera equipment. The effects of different C6 volatiles (trans-2 hexanal, trans-2 hexen-1-ol and cis-3 hexenol) on growth of bioluminescent Xanthomonas campestris were investigated. Different volatile concentrations were used. Treatment with trans-2 hexanal appeared bactericidal at low concentrations (1% and 10%), while treatments with the other volatiles were not inhibitive to bacterial growth. The implications of these results with respect to practical use of trans-2 hexanal in pathogen susceptible and resistant plants will be discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of Masks Protecting against SARS-CoV-2 on Thermal Comfort

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3315
Author(s):  
Ewa Zender-Świercz ◽  
Marek Telejko ◽  
Beata Galiszewska
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Protective Shield ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Impact

Due to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, most countries have tightened their public health policies. One way to limit the spread of the virus is to make mouth and nose cover compulsory in public spaces. The article presents the impact of wearing masks on the perception of thermal comfort. The following masks were analysed: FFP2, cotton, medical, PM2.5, half-face protective shield plastic and full-face protective shield plastic. The research was carried out for two scenarios of an ambient temperature: −20 and 30 °C. A thermal manikin was used for the tests. In the case of when a temperature equals 20 °C, the dry masks increase comfort, both general and local, while wet masks reduce comfort. On the other hand, at 30 °C, only wet masks do not increase discomfort. In addition, moist masks require less heat flux to achieve a certain skin temperature. However, it should be remembered that it is not advisable to wet the masks from the health point of view.

scholarly journals Country-level structural stigma, identity concealment, and day-to-day discrimination as determinants of transgender people’s life satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bränström ◽  
John E. Pachankis
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Identity Concealment ◽  
Population Attitudes ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Population

Abstract Purpose Discriminatory laws, policies, and population attitudes, surrounding transgender people vary greatly across countries, from equal protection under the law and full acceptance to lack of legal recognition and open bias. The consequences of this substantial between-country variation on transgender people’s health and well-being is poorly understood. We therefore examined the association between structural stigma and transgender people’s life satisfaction across 28 countries. Methods Data from transgender participants (n = 6771) in the 2012 EU-LGBT-survey regarding identity concealment, day-to-day discrimination, and life satisfaction were assessed. Structural stigma was measured using publicly available data regarding each country’s discriminatory laws, policies, and population attitudes towards transgender people. Results Multilevel models showed that country-level structural stigma was associated with lower life satisfaction, an association largely explained by higher levels of identity concealment in higher-structural-stigma countries. Yet identity concealment was also associated with lower day-to-day discrimination and therefore protected against even lower life satisfaction. Conclusion The results emphasize the importance of changing discriminatory legislation and negative population attitudes to improve transgender people’s life satisfaction, and also highlight targets for intervention at interpersonal and individual levels.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity in old age and its impact on life results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brijoux ◽  
Cristiane Woopen ◽  
Susanne Zank
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Representative Study

Abstract Background High prevalence diseases, such as high blood pressure, dementia and depression in old age can lead to multimorbidity, which is often defined as the presence of more than one health condition in an individual. Multimorbidity has negative consequences on health-related quality of life and healthcare utilization. As many age-associated diseases are not curable, therapeutic goals like preservation of autonomy, functioning, and life satisfaction become more important in old age patients. Objective The prevalence of multimorbidity dementia and depressive symptoms and the consequences of multimorbidity on autonomy, functioning, and life satisfaction among the oldest old were examined. Material and methods In personal computer-assisted interviews, participants of the representative study NRW80+ were asked for which health issues they received medical treatment. Results On average, people above the age of 80 years were treated for 3.62 diseases and 31.4% of older people received medical treatment for 5 or more diseases. A connection between multimorbidity and age group could not be shown. Autonomy, functioning, and life satisfaction are reduced in association with multimorbidity. Conclusion Multimorbidity is a frequent phenomenon among old people. A lack of diagnostic procedures and medical treatment can be a reason for the missing age trends. The results illustrate the importance of multimorbidity for patient-relevant outcomes and reveal the need to identify patients with multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Do opposite ends of same factors underlie life satisfaction vs. depressive symptoms among older people?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Pynnönen ◽  
Katja Kokko ◽  
Milla Saajanaho ◽  
Timo Törmäkangas ◽  
Erja Portegijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Older People ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Self Acceptance

Abstract Background Although depressive symptoms are more common among older than younger age groups, life satisfaction tends to remain stable over the life course, possibly because the underlying factors or processes differ. Aim To study whether the factors that increase the likelihood of high life satisfaction also decrease the likelihood of depressive symptoms among older people. Methods The data were a population-based probability sample drawn from community-dwelling people aged 75, 80, and 85 years (n = 1021). Participants’ life satisfaction was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale and depressive symptoms with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Physical performance, perceived financial situation, executive functions, loneliness, self-acceptance, and having interests in one’s life were studied as explanatory variables. The data were analyzed using cross-sectional bivariate linear modeling. Results Better physical performance, not perceiving loneliness, having special interests in one’s life, and higher self-acceptance were associated with higher life satisfaction and fewer depressive symptoms. Better financial situation was related only to life satisfaction. Executive functions were not associated with either of the outcomes. Discussion The opposite ends of the same factors underlie positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being. Conclusion Further studies are warranted to better understand how people maintain life satisfaction with aging when many resources may diminish and depressive symptoms become more prevalent.

scholarly journals Exploring the antecedents of the mental health of business professionals in Sweden

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-669
Author(s):  
Timur Uman ◽  
Pernilla Broberg ◽  
Torbjörn Tagesson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Business Professionals ◽  
Mental Strain ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Business professionals are an important occupational group that carries responsibility for the economic welfare of organizations and of society at large. These professionals have recently been reported to be experiencing increased mental strain, which may have a significant effect on the role they play in organizations and in society. Understanding the causes of this strain is thus an important endeavour. OBJECTIVE: This study explores the antecedents of the mental health of business professionals. METHODS: Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between business professionals’ mental health and its demographic, work-related, and other triggers. T-tests and descriptive statistics were used to explore the gender of the respondents in relation to these triggers and mental health. RESULTS: Compared with their male counterparts, female business professionals report poorer mental health; however, no gender differences were found in job satisfaction or life satisfaction. According to this study, age, overtime pay, higher salary and position as a manager have a positive relation with mental health, whereas working overtime has a negative relation with mental health. Job satisfaction and life satisfaction are important determinants of the mental health of business professionals. CONCLUSIONS: Business professionals are important to the economic welfare of their organization and of society as a whole. Our study suggests that demographic characteristics, work-related aspects and subjective dimensions of well-being have a profound effect on the mental health of business professionals.

Expanding the Happiness Paradox: Ethnoracial Disparities in Life Satisfaction Among Older Immigrants in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-255
Author(s):  
Rocío Calvo ◽  
Dawn C. Carr ◽  
Christina Matz-Costa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Happiness Paradox ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction

Objective: This study investigated nativity disparities in life satisfaction among ethnoracial groups of older adults in the United States and the factors associated with such disparities. Method: Cross-sectional data from 7,348 respondents aged 60 and older from the 2012/2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were used to estimate linear regression models. Results: Older immigrants experienced higher levels of life satisfaction than comparable native-born individuals. This “happiness advantage” was particularly salient for Hispanic immigrants, who reported the highest levels of life satisfaction of all groups included in the study. With increasing education, life satisfaction increased for White and “Other Race” groups, regardless of nativity. However, for both Black groups and native-born Hispanics, higher levels of education were associated with lower life satisfaction. Discussion: Findings suggest that the “happiness paradox” may not only be a matter of Hispanic ethnicity, but that it may also extend to immigrants from other ethnoracial backgrounds.

Life-History Interviews of Aging Gay Men

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life History ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Life Satisfaction ◽  
Gay Aging ◽  
Patterns Of Aging

Homosexual men and women have seldom been studied by gerontologists and almost nothing is known about the lifestyles, pattern of development through the adult years, and the effect of homosexuality on aging. Fourteen gay men, ranging in age from fifty-five to eighty-one, were interviewed about their life history and experiences of aging as gay men. Three of the respondents had long-term relationships that lasted up to forty years; two had experienced the death of a lover and had begun a new long-term relationship; four had been married to women and two had children (one unmarried man adopted a son and is now a grandfather). The wide diversity of their patterns of aging, the presence of positive aspects of gay aging, and the high life satisfaction of many of the respondents contradict the stereotype of the lonely, isolated old gay man.

Paranormal Belief, Experience, and the Keirsey Temperament Sorter

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_part_2) ◽  
pp. 1104-1106
Author(s):  
Jezz Fox ◽  
Carl Williams
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Keirsey Temperament Sorter ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Anomalous Experience ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Paranormal Experience

121 college students completed the Anomalous Experience Inventory and the Keirsey Temperament Sorter. Multiple regression analyses provided significant models predicting both Paranormal Experience and Belief; the main predictors were the other subscales of the Anomalous Experience Inventory with the Keirsey variables playing only a minor role.

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