scholarly journals Assessing the Prevalence and Association of Pulp Stones with Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus in the Saudi Arabian Population—A CBCT Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9293
Author(s):  
Kumar Chandan Srivastava ◽  
Deepti Shrivastava ◽  
Anil Kumar Nagarajappa ◽  
Zafar Ali Khan ◽  
Ibrahim A. Alzoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Arabian Population ◽  
Pulp Stones

The detection of pulp stone in a patient suffering from undiagnosed systemic diseases can be an early diagnostic indicator. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of pulp stones in the Saudi Arabian population with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. In a retrospective study, we included cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 73 patients with cardiovascular disease and 76 patients with diabetes mellitus as group I and II, respectively. Group III comprised of CBCT scan of 80 healthy controls. From a total of 229 scans, 4807 teeth were screened for pulp stones throughout the arches. A chi-square test was used for comparing the prevalence of pulp stones among the groups. Univariable and multivariable analysis was done to evaluate the independent risk indicators for pulp stones. The tooth-wise prevalence of pulp stones in group I, II, and III was found to be 16.65%, 9.01%, and 3.86%, respectively. Patient-wise (p < 0.01) and tooth-wise (p < 0.01) prevalence was recorded significantly highest in the cardiovascular group followed by the diabetic group. The control group had the least prevalence. Significantly (p < 0.01) higher number of pulp stones were found in cardiovascular patients with age > 50 years compared to other groups. Similarly, a significantly increased number of pulp stones were seen in the 1st molar (p < 0.05) and the maxillary jaw (p < 0.05) of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Subjects with cardiovascular disease and diabetes were found to have 2.94 times (p < 0.001; CI 1.54–3.10) and 1.81 times (p < 0.01; CI 0.48–2.06) higher risk of having pulp stones in comparison to healthy subjects. The first molar has 2.20 times (p < 0.001; CI 0.84–2.45) increased the risk of having pulp stones compared to other tooth types. Systemic disease such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus poses a higher risk for the development of pulp stones. Among the systemic disease group, patients in the cardiovascular group showed a higher risk for pulp stones and also reported the maximum number of pulp stones compared to the diabetic and healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Parameters of cardiac hemodynamics in patients with diabetes mellitus with impairment of renal function

HYPERTENSION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
I.I. Topchiy ◽  
O.N. Kirienko ◽  
P.S. Semyonovykh ◽  
D.O. Kirienko ◽  
O.I. Tsygankov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex global problem, which is increasing every year. So, in 2019, diabetes mellitus was detected in 463 million adults (from 20 to 79 years old) in the world. And the main cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus is cardiovascular complications. The study was aimed investigate the features of functional and structural changes in the heart in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nephropathy. A total of 98 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined, out of which 78 patients had diabetic nephropathy (DN) of varying severity. The control group consisted of 20 healthy patients. After a clinical examination, depending on the state of renal function, all patients were divided into the following groups: group I — patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without signs of nephropathy (n = 36), group II — patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria (n = 33), group III — patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with decreased GFR and albuminuria (n = 29). To study changes in hemodynamics and structural parameters of the heart, patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography on an ULTIMA PA ultrasound machine (Radmir, Ukraine) using a sectoral phased transducer with a frequency range of 2–3 MHz according to the standard technique based on the recommendations of the American Echocardiographic Society. To determine indexing indicators, the patients underwent anthropometric measurements. Patients with DN and albuminuria and decreased GFR showed an increase in the linear dimensions of the heart in comparison with controls and patients without signs of nephropathy. With DN, patients have a significant increase in left ventricular mass and a significant increase in the detection rate of left ventricular hypertrophy up to 91.3 % in patients with albuminuria and preserved renal function and up to 100 % with a decrease in GFR.

scholarly journals Development of Novel Fermented Almond Milk Tea and It’s Evaluation as Antidiabetic Drink

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Deepak Kannan ◽  
Akash Kumaran ◽  
Sanjay Venkatesan ◽  
Prabhu Sukumaran
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Human Volunteers

Background: It is well known that almond and tea is best known to prevent Diabetes mellitus due to its abundant source of polyphenols. Also, probiotics also have been used in the treatment of Diabetes. This study is focused on the combined effect of all these three ingredients through the process of fermentation. Objective: The aim of this present study is to develop, analyse sensory parameters in human volunteers for optimisation and evaluate the antidiabetic efficiency of Fermented Almond milk tea (FAMT) both in vitro and in vivo analysis. Study Design: Development of FAMTàOptimisation of FAMT based on sensory analysis from 25 human participantsà In vitro antidiabetic analysis of FAMT extract à Animal studies. Place and Duration: The research work was conducted during November, 2019 to March, 2020 at the Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Post Bag No.1, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Kancheepuram Dt, TN-602117, India. Materials and Methods: FAMT was prepared by optimisation of different formulation based on sensory analysis recorded from 25 healthy human volunteers. The FAMT extract was prepared and was used for the in vitro analysis and phytochemical screening. The animal study was performed with 30 Albino Wistar rats which were divided into 5 groups under preventive regimen. Group I was healthy normoglycemic control group. Group II served as positive control. Group III received metformin (350 mg/kg bw, p.o) for 28 days. Group IV received 5% Fermented almond milk for 28 days. Group V received 5% FAMT for 28thday. All groups except Group I received single dose of STZ (50 mg/kg bw, i.p) on the 29th day for the induction of Diabetes mellitus. After 7 days from induction, animals were anaesthetized and blood was drawn for the evaluation of plasma glucose and serum TG, cholesterol & insulin.   Results: It was observed that FAMT (8:2) was favoured by the participants more than other formulations. FAMT was found to contain Saponins, flavonoids and phenol. The total poly phenol of FAMT (373 ± 3.0 μg/ml) was high than Fermented almond milk (232.5 ± 2.50 μg/ml). The DPPH scavenging, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibiting percentage of FAMT (59 ± 4%,52 ± 3%, 50 ± 4% respectively) was high when compared to fermented almond milk (32 ± 2%,34 ± 2% and 45 ± 2% respectively). From animal studies it was significantly observed that plasma glucose (P<0.0001) was reduced, serum insulin (P<0.001) was increased, serum TG (P<0.0.001) and cholesterol (P<0.01) were reduced when compared to Positive control Group- II. Conclusion: Thus, FAMT was proved to act as a prophylactic anti-diabetic drink and was more potent than normal fermented almond milk.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes associated variants of KCNQ1 strongly confer the risk of cardiovascular disease among the Saudi Arabian population

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha S. Al-Shammari ◽  
Rhaya Al-Ali ◽  
Nader Al-Balawi ◽  
Mansour S. Al-Enazi ◽  
Ali A. Al-Muraikhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Arabian Population

scholarly journals Magnesium, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Liu ◽  
Samuel C. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Low Serum

Hypomagnesemia is commonly observed in heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Low serum magnesium (Mg) is a predictor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and treating Mg deficiency may help prevent cardiovascular disease. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms by which Mg deficiency plays detrimental roles in cardiovascular diseases and review the results of clinical trials of Mg supplementation for heart failure, arrhythmias and other cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Prescribing Trend of Antirheumatic Drugs in Taiwan and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chien-Ying Lee ◽  
Chih-Jaan Tai ◽  
Ya-Fang Tsai ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Kuan ◽  
Chiu-Hsiang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Prescribing Trend

We aimed to investigate the prescribing trend of antirheumatic drugs and assess the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Taiwan. This study was a retrospective cohort study, conducted based on the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The study subjects were 15,366 new rheumatoid arthritis patients from 2003 to 2010. To avoid selection bias, we applied propensity score matching to obtain general patients, as the control group. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The most common prescriptions of rheumatoid arthritis were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. After controlling for related variables, rheumatoid arthritis patients had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than general patients (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-1.39). Age was the most significantly associated risk factor with the cardiovascular disease. Other observed risk factors for cardiovascular disease included hypertension (aHR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.48-1.65), diabetes mellitus (aHR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.38-1.57), and chronic kidney disease (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.31-1.66). Patients with rheumatoid arthritis indeed had a higher risk of incident cardiovascular diseases. Besides, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease were also associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Sameer Aggarwal ◽  
Vikas Kakkar ◽  
Chandni Sharma ◽  
Surender Bishnoi ◽  
Ankit Gulati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT Objective This study has been undertaken to study the effect of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its duration on hearing. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on 100 persons of age group 20 to 45 years. All subjects included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I: 50 patients suffering from T2DM (fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL and postprandial ≥ 200 mg/dL) of either sex, in the age group of 20 to 45 years. Group II: 50 healthy volunteers in the age group of 20 to 45 years, of either sex were included in control group. Hearing assessment was done by using pure tone audiometry (PTA). Results In diabetic patients, the mean threshold in the PTA was higher at all frequencies as compared with healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and hearing loss. Conclusion Various audiological investigations have revealed that there is a strong association of diabetes with sensorineural part. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in type II diabetics observed was 64%. In the majority of the patients, the hearing loss was bilateral, affecting mid and higher frequencies from 2 to 8 kHz. Hence, to conclude, we can say that the high prevalence of hearing loss in T2DM supports the importance of audiometric evaluation in such patients. How to cite this article Gulati A, Kakkar V, Aggarwal S, Sharma C, Panchal V, Pareek M, Bishnoi S. To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):140-143.

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations of Ultrasonic Virtual Reality in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hairong Chen ◽  
Qiuguo Zou ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology

On a global scale, cardiovascular disease has become one of the most serious diseases that endangers human health and causes death and seriously threatens human life and health. If we can make accurate, timely, and effective judgments on cardiovascular-related parameters and take corresponding effective measures, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases can be reduced to a large extent. Based on this, this paper proposes the clinical application research of ultrasound virtual reality technology in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This article uses literature methods, experimental research methods, mathematical statistical analysis methods, and other research methods and in-depth study of virtual reality technology, cardiovascular disease, and other theoretical knowledge and briefly introduces ultrasound image denoising algorithms, such as bilateral filtering and PM model. And on this basis, it establishes clinical trials of ultrasound virtual reality technology in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This article mainly analyzes the application of virtual reality technology, technology comparison, and the experimental results carried out in this article. From the survey results, the total prevalence of hypertension was 25.1%, and the prevalence of males and females was 25.9% and 24.4%, respectively; the diagnostic accuracy rate of the experimental group reached 85.39%, while the diagnostic accuracy rate of the control group was 76.8%. It shows that the use of ultrasound virtual reality technology for disease diagnosis can effectively improve the accuracy of cardiovascular disease diagnosis and reduce the proportion of misdiagnosis and missed detection.

scholarly journals The Role of Soluble L-Selectin with Polymorphism in Iraqi Arabs Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. Salih Almohaidi ◽  
Kebaa Ahmed Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group

Diabetes mellitus type 2 [DMT2] is a disturbance of metabolism and complex diseases influenced by environmental, genetic agents, and linked with inflammation, happens when the pancreas either does not use the insulin as it should or the body does not make enough insulin, lead to insulin resistance [IR] alongside with gradual loss of ß-cell secretory ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin) in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients in Iraqi Arabs patient. Study includes seventy six Iraqi Arabs patients (male and female) having newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with Fifty three Iraqi Arabs healthy subjects matched in age, sex and ethnic group. Patients and healthy subjects were genotyped, by PCR-RFLP analysis, and mesure serum level of L-selectin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sandwich ELISA) test include 65 patients and 23 controls. The statistical analysis of serum level of sL-selectin in study groups showed that the mean of sL-selectin level high significantly increased in patients group (10.708±1.1007) compared to control group (7.055±0.767) respectively. Thus, our results suggest soluble L-selectin play a role in the development of DMT2 in Iraqi Arabs patients. Present results showed that genotype PS associated with increase the susceptibility of DMT2.

scholarly journals Relationships between parameters of cardiorespiratory function and bioimpedance analysis in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
O. I. Vengrzhinovskaya ◽  
I. Z. Bondarenko ◽  
O. A. Shatskaya ◽  
R. S. Kosharnaya ◽  
M. V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vo2 Max

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) triggers disruption of oxygen transport system in patients. The maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) during spiroergometry depends on the functional capabilities and composition of the body. Moreover, VO2 max may be considered a predictor of pathological changes in cardiovascular system.Aim. The purpose of the study was to investigate the compositional body characteristics and functional cardiorespiratory parameters in T1DM patients.Material and Methods. The study comprised 30 patients with T1DM (average age of 25.5 ± 8.1 years) and 10 patients of control group (average age of 27 ± 9 years). Patients received spiroergometry examination according to B. Bruce protocol and bioimpedansometry using the Inbody 770 apparatus. The study showed that T1DM patients reached anaerobic threshold faster (p = 0.032) and had significantly lower VO2 max and carbon dioxide emission compared to patients without diabetes (p = 0.021; p = 0.034) whereas exercise tolerance did not significantly differ compared with the corresponding value in control group. Patients with higher muscle mass i.e. muscle tissue weight (kg) according to bioimpedance measurements had higher values of VO2 max (L) in control group (p = 0.017) and in group of T1DM patients (p = 0.028).Conclusions: Young T1DM patients without cardiovascular diseases had significantly less effective cardiorespiratory system compared with that in people without diabetes even in those with high exercise tolerance. Rapid achievement of anaerobic threshold with preserved performance efficiency was a sign of unfavorable prognosis. Body mass index and lean body mass did not significantly affect the performance parameters in young T1DM patients. Screening of spiroergometry parameters may be used for identification of young T1DM patients at high risk of unfavorable cardiovascular diseases including chronic heart failure.

scholarly journals Influence of diabetes mellitus on corneal thickness

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Sencanic ◽  
Miroslav Stamenkovic ◽  
Vesna Jovanovic ◽  
Sinisa Babovic ◽  
Vesna Jaksic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction. Ultrastructural changes in corneas of patients with diabetes mellitus have been previously described. Objective. The aim of this study was to compare central corneal thickness (CDR) values in diabetic patients without retinopathy at the stage of diabetic nonproliferative and proliferative retinopathy and CDR in a control group of healthy subjects. Methods. The study included 121 diabetic patients and 125 healthy subjects matched according to gender and age. Each patient underwent ophthalmological examination involving a dilated fundus examination and CDR measurement using the ultrasound pachymeter. The eyes of diabetic patients were classified according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study into three groups: without diabetic retinopathy (NDR), with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and a group with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Only one eye of each subject was chosen for the study. Results. The mean CDR value was significantly higher in the diabetic group (570.52?31.81 ?m) compared with the control group (541.42?27.82 ?m). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The highest mean CDR value was recorded in the PDR group (585.97?28.58 ?m), followed by the NPDR group (570.84?30.27 ?m), whereas the lowest mean CDR value was recorded in the NDR group (559.80?31.55 ?m). There was a statistically significant difference in CDR between the NDR and PDR groups, as well as between the NPDR and PDR groups (p<0.001, p<0.05 respectively). No significant difference was recorded between the NDR and NPDR groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. CDR of diabetic patients was higher compared to healthy subjects. The highest mean value of CDR was registered in the PDR group, followed by the NPDR and the NDR groups.

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