scholarly journals Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on the NSGA-2 Algorithm While Considering Intergenerational Equity: A Case Study of the Middle and Upper Reaches of Huaihe River Basin, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9289
Author(s):  
Jitao Zhang ◽  
Zengchuan Dong ◽  
Tian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Intergenerational Equity ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Huaihe River Basin ◽  
Huaihe River ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Equity Model

With the rapid development of society and the economy, the demand for water resources is increasing. This, combined with the increasing competition for water resources between current and future generations, hinders the sustainable development of society. To alleviate prominent water resources problems, achieve sustainable utilization of water resources and the sustainable development of society and economy, a multi-objective optimal water resources allocation model is proposed, in which different water sources and different water departments are considered to achieve the maximum social and economic benefits of the study area on the premise of water resources sustainability. To meet the needs of future generations, the discount value is introduced to measure intergenerational equity. A case study from seven cities in the upper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River Basin is given to verify the practicality and viability of the model. The non-dominated sorting Genetic Algorithms-2(NSGA-2) was used to find optimal water resources allocation schemes in 2020 and 2050 under the condition of a hydrological drought year (inflow guarantee rate p = 75%). Compared with previous models, the intergenerational equity model considers the sustainability of water resources, has higher social and economic benefits, and ensures the fair distribution of water resources among generations. According to the results, under balanced weight, the water shortage ratio of the seven cities will decrease from 5.24% in 2050 to 1.58% in 2020, and the economic benefit will increase from 79.46(1010CNY) to 168.3(1010CNY), respectively. In addition, the discount value of economic benefit in 2050 is 80.23(1010CNY), which is still higher than that in 2020. This shows that the water resource allocation scheme can eliminate the disparity between supply and demand for water resources and achieve intergenerational equity. Therefore, the intergenerational equity model can alleviate the contradiction of water resources and realize intergenerational equity.

scholarly journals Bilevel Multiobjective Programming Applied to Water Resources Allocation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqi Fang ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Mo Li ◽  
Liudong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Resources Allocation ◽  
Water Resources Allocation ◽  
Multiobjective Linear Programming ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Fuzzy Goal ◽  
Upper Level

Water allocation is an essential programming to support the sustainable development of Wuwei Basin, Gansu Province, China. To satisfy the demands of the decision makers (DMs) of each subarea and the total area, a bilevel multiobjective linear programming (BLMOLP) model is proposed. In the BLMOLP, DMs have a hierarchy of two levels—the upper level and the lower level DMs. In this paper, a fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach is applied to solve the BLMOLP. Firstly, the upper level is solved and used as the tolerance for the lower level. Then the weights of each objective function in the lower level are evaluated. Finally, a satisfied optimization solution of the problem was calculated. The result suggests that the FGP is a simple and feasible approach to BLMOLP problems. The proposed method was applied to a case study for water resources allocation in Wuwei Basin. For four scenarios under consideration, the model can effectively balance the benefits among all regions and sections according to the priority of the upper level decision makers. The results indicate that comprehensive solutions have been obtained.

scholarly journals Standard economic benefit evaluation of innovation-oriented enterprises——A case study of S enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 03073
Author(s):  
Jingjuan Zhang ◽  
Xinliang Zhang ◽  
Fan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Benefit Evaluation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Production And Operation

More and more innovation-oriented enterprises pay attention to standardization, but how much benefit standards can bring to the production and operation of enterprises is a matter of concern to managers. Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate the impact of standards on the economic benefits of these enterprises. This paper takes S enterprise as an example to evaluate the impact of standards on its economic benefits.

scholarly journals Optimal Allocation of Water Resources and Eco-Compensation Mechanism Model Based on the Interval-Fuzzy Two-Stage Stochastic Programming Method for Tingjiang River

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Ning Hao ◽  
Peixuan Sun ◽  
Luze Yang ◽  
Yu Qiu ◽  
Yingzi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Resources Allocation ◽  
Water Resources Allocation ◽  
Compensation Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Model ◽  
Available Water

In this work, based on the upper line of water resources utilization and the bottom line of water environmental quality of “Three Lines, Single Project”, a fuzzy optimization method was introduced into the Tingjiang River water resources optimal allocation and eco-compensation mechanism model, which is based on the interval two-stage (ITS) stochastic programming method. In addition, a Tingjiang River water resources allocation and eco-compensation mechanism model based on the interval fuzzy two-stage (IFTS) optimization method was also constructed. The objective functions of both models were to maximize the economic benefits of the Tingjiang River. The available water resources in the basin, the water environmental quality requirements, and regional development requirements were used as constraints, and under the five hydrological scenarios of extreme dryness, dryness, normal flow, abundance, and extreme abundance, the water resources allocation plan of various sectors (industry, municipal, agriculture, and ecology) in the Tingjiang River was optimized, and an eco-compensation mechanism was developed. In this work, the uncertainty of the maximum available water resources in each region and the whole basin was considered. If the maximum available water resources were too high, it would lead to a large waste of water resources, whereas if the maximum available water resources were too low, regional economic development would be limited. Therefore, the above two parameters were set as fuzzy parameters in the optimization model construction in this work. The simulation results from the IFTS model showed that the amount of water available in the river basin directly affects the water usage by various departments, thereby affecting the economic benefits of the river basin and the amount of eco-compensation paid by the downstream areas. The average economic benefit of the Tingjiang River after the optimization of the IFTS model simulation was [3868.51, 5748.99] × 108 CNY, which is an increase of [1.67%, 51.9%] compared to the economic benefit of the basin announced by the government in 2018. Compared to the ITS model, the economic benefit interval of the five hydrological scenarios of extreme dryness, dryness, normal flow, abundance, and extreme abundance was reduced by 28.54%, 44.9%, 31.49%, 40.37%, and 36.43%, respectively, which can improve the economic benefits of the basin and provide more accurate decision-making schemes. In addition, the IFTS simulation showed that the eco-compensation quota paid by downstream Guangdong Province to upstream Fujian Province is [28,116.4, 30,738.6] × 104 CNY, which is a reduction of [8461.404, 110,836] × 104 CNY compared to the 2018 compensation scheme of the government. Compared to the ITS model, the range of eco-compensation values was observed to increase by 9.94%, 54.81%, 15.85%, 50.31%, and 82.90%, respectively, under the five hydrological scenarios, which reduces the burden of ecological expenditure downstream and provides a broader decision-making space for decision-makers and thus enables improved decision-making efficiency. At the same time, after the optimization of the IFTS model, the additional water consumption of the second stage of the Tingjiang River during the extremely dry year decreased by 62.11% compared to the results of the ITS model. The additional water consumption of the industrial sector decreased by 68.39%, the municipal sector decreased by 59.27%, and in the first phase of water resources allocation for 14 districts and counties in the Tingjiang River, industrial and municipal sectors are the main two sectors. After introducing the fuzzy method into the IFTS model, the difference in the water consumption by these two sectors in the basin under different hydrological scenarios can be alleviated, and the waste of water resources caused by too low water allocation or excessive water allocation can be avoided. The national and local (the downstream region) eco-compensation quotas can be indirectly reduced, and the risk of water resources allocation and eco-compensation decision-making in the basin can be effectively reduced.

Integrated flood risk assessment and zonation method: a case study in Huaihe River basin, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 635-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenan Wu ◽  
Ping-an Zhong ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Biao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Huaihe River Basin ◽  
Huaihe River

scholarly journals Temptation and the Virtues of Long-Term Commitment: The Governance of Sovereign Wealth Fund Investment

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. CLARK ◽  
Eric R.W. KNIGHT
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Intergenerational Equity ◽  
Intergenerational Transfer ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Fund Investment

In this article we look at the governance of SWFs from the perspective of the competing political interests embedded in the sponsor—the domestic political claims on funds and the principles and practice of governance used to discipline those interests in favour of a long-term perspective that emphasizes the conservation of wealth and the intergenerational transfer of benefits. Using the case-study of the Australian SWF known as the Future Fund, we argue that SWFs can be used as legal instruments to promote the interests of future generations. In this way, it puts into action the principle of intergenerational equity which has been hereto notoriously difficult to substantively apply in international law. By invoking the intergenerational principle, we argue that the Australian government not only responded to the legal challenges of implementing intergenerational equity but also contributed to its currency as a customary norm.

scholarly journals Multiobjective Optimization of Sustainable WCO for Biodiesel Supply Chain Network Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nana Geng ◽  
Yixiang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Supply Chain Network ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Biodiesel Industry

Bioenergy is attracting more attention worldwide due to its environmental and economic benefits. The design of a feasible biodiesel supply chain network can effectively improve the production and use of biodiesel and then further promote the development of the biodiesel industry. As an easy recyclable material with high yield, kitchen waste has a good prospect and can solve public health and safety problems. This paper takes the kitchen waste producing biodiesel as the object to design and optimize the biodiesel supply chain in order to improve the sustainable development of biodiesel industry and the operational efficiency of the biodiesel supply chain. By designing a sustainable biodiesel supply chain model under defined conditions, it proposes strategic and tactical decisions related to location, production, inventory, and distribution within multiple planning cycles. In order to effectively solve the model, a Pareto optimal NSGAII heuristic algorithm is proposed and applied to a practical case study of restaurants in Jiangsu Province. The efficiency of the method and the optimal solution are verified by a case study. The overall optimization of biodiesel supply can effectively improve the efficiency of supply chain, reduce system cost, improve the profit of biodiesel operators, and promote the sustainable development of biodiesel industry, which has important guiding significance and reference value for the practice of biodiesel supply chain network planning.

scholarly journals Perilaku Perusahaan Multinasional Dan Aggressive Transfer Pricing Practices Terhadap Kepatuhan Pembebanan Biaya Promosi (Studi Kasus Kasus PT MSM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Information Collection ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Depth Interviews

This research aimed to analyze Multinational Enterprises behavior and aggressive transfer pricing practices that compliance of promotion expenses (Case Study PT MSM). First, to analyze formal compliance of promotion expenses on MNEs. Second, to analyze material compliance of promotion expense on MNEs. Third, to analyze economic benefits for PT MSM and MNEs.The research approach used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through in-depth interviews with informations determinded by Account Representative of the Tax Sercive Office B that handles PT MSM. The research instrument is the data and information collection through interview dan documentation. This reseach  is used MNEs theory and compliance theory.The research results show that: first, promotion expenses on MNEs that Case Study PT MSM reach about Rp 3,2triliun from fiscal year about 2003 until 2016 average 20% form sales.  For formal compliance analysis for promotion expenses for PT MSM is comply with Ministry of Finance Regulation number 02/PMK.03/2010 about promotion expenses with attaching nominative list of promotion expenses. Second, for material compliance analysis of promotion expenses is not directly related for PT MSM, to promote MNEs. Third, promotion expenses that paying PT MSM gives economic benefit  for promotion of MNEs. Therefore PT MSM  should get renumeration because of  its function, assets and risks.

scholarly journals Manfaat Ekonomi Pengrajin Anyaman Di Kampung Arborek Kecamatan Meosmansar Kabupaten Raja Ampat

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Serita Victoriana Umalam ◽  
I Putu Anom
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local People ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Tourism Sector

The purpose of this research is to know the benefits of tourism coast economy are felt directly by the local people in Meosmansar Subdistrict, Raja Ampat Regency. The case study taken from the local people of Arborek Village which is a tourism village that has hand-crafed in the form of woven hats and bags of leaf mats. The type of data in this study used qualitative data. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. The data are collected through by observation, indepth interviews with the some of the interviewees and as well as documentation. The technique of determination of the informant used in this research is purposive sampling. The informants which is selected in this study are representative of the local government in this case the Tourism and Culture officer of Raja Ampat Regency as well as the local community whose doing business craftsmen woven hats and bags. The data are collected is analyzed using the concepts of economic benefits by Leiper. The results of this study found the presence of perceived economic benefit directly by the local communities from tourism sector. Keywords: Economic Benefit, Local Community, Plating Handcraft, Arborek Village

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