scholarly journals Associations between Neighborhood Walkability, Physical Activity, and Chronic Disease in Nova Scotian Adults: An Atlantic PATH Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8643
Author(s):  
Melanie R. Keats ◽  
Yunsong Cui ◽  
Vanessa DeClercq ◽  
Scott A. Grandy ◽  
Ellen Sweeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data

Background: While neighborhood walkability has been shown to positively influence health behaviors, less is known about its impact on chronic disease. Our aim was to examine the association between walkability and self-reported physical activity in relation to chronic health conditions in an Atlantic Canadian population. Methods: Using data from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow’s Health, a prospective cohort study, we employed both a cross-sectional and a prospective analytical approach to investigate associations of walkability and physical activity with five prevalent chronic diseases and multimorbidity. Results: The cross-sectional data show that participants with the lowest neighborhood walkability were more likely to have reported a pre-existing history of cancer and depression and least likely to report chronic respiratory conditions. Participants with low physical activity were more likely to have a pre-existing history of diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and multimorbidity. Follow-up analyses showed no significant associations between walkability and chronic disease incidence. Low levels of physical activity were significantly associated with diabetes, cancer and multimorbidity. Conclusions: Our data provides evidence for the health protective benefits of higher levels of physical activity, and a reduction in prevalence of some chronic diseases in more walkable communities.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Six Chronic Disease Pairs on Decreased Physical Activity: The SMILE Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dörenkamp ◽  
Ilse Mesters ◽  
Rein Vos ◽  
Jan Schepers ◽  
Marjan van den Akker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Guideline Recommendation ◽  
Inflammatory Joint Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional

Little is known about whether and how two chronic diseases interact with each other in modifying the risk of physical inactivity. The aim of the present study is to identify chronic disease pairs that are associated with compliance or noncompliance with the Dutch PA guideline recommendation and to study whether specific chronic disease pairs indicate an extra effect on top of the effects of the diseases individually. Cross-sectional data from 3,386 participants of cohort study SMILE were used and logistic regression analysis was performed to study the joint effect of the two diseases of each chronic disease pair for compliance with the Dutch PA guideline. For six chronic disease pairs, patients suffering from both diseases belonging to these disease pairs in question show a higher probability of noncompliance to the Dutch PA guideline, compared to what one would expect based on the effects of each of the two diseases alone. These six chronic disease pairs were chronic respiratory disease and severe back problems; migraine and inflammatory joint disease; chronic respiratory disease and severe kidney disease; chronic respiratory disease and inflammatory joint disease; inflammatory joint disease and rheumatoid arthritis; and rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis of the knees, hips, and hands.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity, polypharmacy and primary prevention in community-dwelling adults in Quebec: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tu N Nguyen ◽  
Patrice Ngangue ◽  
Jeannie Haggerty ◽  
Tarek Bouhali ◽  
Martin Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Polypharmacy carries the risk of adverse events, especially in people with multimorbidity. Objective To investigate the prevalence of polypharmacy in community-dwelling adults, the association of multimorbidity with polypharmacy and the use of medications for primary prevention. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of the follow-up data from the Program of Research on the Evolution of a Cohort Investigating Health System Effects (PRECISE) in Quebec, Canada. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of three or more chronic diseases and polypharmacy as self-reported concurrent use of five or more medications. Primary prevention was conceptualized as the use of statin or low-dose antiplatelets without a reported diagnostic of cardiovascular disease. Results Mean age 56.7 ± 11.6, 62.5% female, 30.3% had multimorbidity, 31.9% had polypharmacy (n = 971). The most common drugs used were statins, renin–angiotensin system inhibitors and psychotropics. Compared to participants without any chronic disease, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for having polypharmacy were 2.78 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–6.28] in those with one chronic disease, 8.88 (95% CI: 4.06–19.20) in those with two chronic diseases and 25.31 (95% CI: 11.77–54.41) in those with three or more chronic diseases, P < 0.001. In participants without history of cardiovascular diseases, 16.2% were using antiplatelets and 28.5% were using statins. Multimorbidity was associated with increased likelihood of using antiplatelets (adjusted OR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.98–4.48, P < 0.001) and statins (adjusted OR: 3.76, 95% CI: 2.63–5.37, P < 0.001) for primary prevention. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of polypharmacy in community-dwelling adults in Quebec and a strong association with multimorbidity. The use of medications for primary prevention may contribute to polypharmacy and raise questions about safety.

scholarly journals Chronic diseases and objectively monitored physical activity profile among aged individuals – a cross-sectional twin cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urho M. Kujala ◽  
Pekka Hautasaari ◽  
Henri Vähä-Ypyä ◽  
Katja Waller ◽  
Noora Lindgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Activity Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Association of body pain and chronic disease: evidence from a 7-year population-based study in China

2021 ◽  
pp. rapm-2021-102700
Author(s):  
Yaxin Luo ◽  
Zheran Liu ◽  
Lianlian Yang ◽  
Juejin Li ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Body Pain ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cross

BackgroundEvidence is limited on the risk impact of body pain on future chronic disease. The present study aimed to investigate the association between body pain and chronic diseases.MethodsData were analyzed using four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study with 17 708 individual respondents aged 45 years and older. The association between body pain and chronic disease was estimated in both a cross-sectional cohort (2011) and a longitudinal cohort (2011–2018). The key outcomes include the incidence of overall and any specific chronic diseases. The associations among different body pain sites and 10 independent chronic disease risks were also assessed.FindingsA total of 17 128 participants in 2011 were included in the cross-sectional cohort and 5611 participants were included in the 2011–2018 longitudinal cohort. Body pain showed an association with overall chronic disease in both the cross-sectional models (OR 2.71, 95% CI 2.47 to 2.98) and longitudinal model (risk ratio (RR) 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.35). Moreover, body pain was found to be associated with an increased risk of chronic respiratory disease (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.92), heart disease (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.89), kidney disease (RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.6), and digestive disease (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.88).ConclusionBody pain is associated with major disease and mortality. Future clinical research should be targeted to whether or not improved pain control can mitigate this population-level disease burden.

scholarly journals Differentials in risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases from the race/color standpoint

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Lenildo de Moura ◽  
Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Using Data

This article aims to analyze the differences between the prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable chronic disease by race/color. It is a cross-sectional study using data from a telephone survey of 45,448 adults. Prevalence ratios for chronic disease risk factors by race/color were calculated. After adjustments were made for education and income, race/color differences persisted. Among afro-descendant and mulatto women and mulatto men a higher prevalence ratio was identified of physical activity at work and physical activity at home. Afro-descendant women and mulatto men indulged in less physical inactivity. Mulatto men and women showed a lower prevalence of smoking and consumption of 20 cigarettes daily and lower consumption of fruit and vegetables. A higher consumption of full-fat milk with and beans was observed among afro-descendant and mulatto men. Afro-descendant women had a lower prevalence of drinking and driving. Afro-descendant women and men ate more meat with fat and afro-descendant men suffered more from hypertension. Differences in risk factors by race/color can be explained by cultural aspects, by not fully adjustable socioeconomic differences that determine less access to goods and less opportunities for the afro-descendant population.

scholarly journals Disease Combinations Associated with Physical Activity Identified: The SMILE Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dörenkamp ◽  
Ilse Mesters ◽  
Jan Schepers ◽  
Rein Vos ◽  
Marjan van den Akker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Guideline Compliance

In the search of predictors of inadequate physical activity, an investigation was conducted into the association between multimorbidity and physical activity (PA). So far the sum of diseases used as a measure of multimorbidity reveals an inverse association. How specific combinations of chronic diseases are associated with PA remains unclear. The objective of this study is to identify clusters of multimorbidity that are associated with PA. Cross-sectional data of 3,386 patients from the 2003 wave of the Dutch cohort study SMILE were used. Ward’s agglomerative hierarchical clustering was executed to establish multimorbidity clusters. Chi-square statistics were used to assess the association between clusters of chronic diseases and PA, measured in compliance with the Dutch PA guideline. The highest rate of PA guideline compliance was found in patients the majority of whom suffer from liver disease, back problems, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory joint disease (62.4%). The lowest rate of PA guideline compliance was reported in patients with heart disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus (55.8%). Within the group of people with multimorbidity, those suffering from heart disease, respiratory disease, and/or diabetes mellitus may constitute a priority population as PA has proven to be effective in the prevention and cure of all three disorders.

scholarly journals Physical activity of UK adults with chronic disease: cross-sectional analysis of accelerometer-measured physical activity in 96 706 UK Biobank participants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Barker ◽  
Karl Smith Byrne ◽  
Aiden Doherty ◽  
Charlie Foster ◽  
Kazem Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background Physical inactivity is associated with an increased risk of major chronic diseases, although uncertainty exists about which chronic diseases, themselves, might contribute to physical inactivity. The objective of this study was to compare the physical activity of those with chronic diseases to healthy individuals using an objective measure of physical activity. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from 96 706 participants aged 40 years or older from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study (2006–10). Diagnoses were identified through ICD 9 and 10 coding within hospital admission records and a cancer registry linked to UK Biobank participants. We extracted summary physical activity information from participants who wore a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer for 7 days. Statistical analyses included computation of adjusted geometric means and means using general linear models. Results Participants with chronic disease undertook 9% or 61 minutes (95% confidence interval: 57.8–64.8) less moderate activity and 11% or 3 minutes (95% confidence interval: 2.7–3.3) less vigorous activity per week than individuals without chronic disease. Participants in every chronic-disease subgroup undertook less physical activity than those without chronic disease. Sixty-seven diagnoses within these subgroups were associated with lower moderate activity. Conclusions The cross-sectional association of physical activity with chronic disease is broad. Given the substantial health benefits of being physically active, clinicians and policymakers should be aware that their patients with any chronic disease are at greater health risk from other diseases than anticipated because of their physical inactivity.

scholarly journals Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Motamedi ◽  
Maryam Ekramzadeh ◽  
Ehsan Bahramali ◽  
Mojtaba Farjam ◽  
Reza Homayounfar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension

Abstract Background Hypertension is a common chronic disease with various complications and is a main contributing factor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to assess the association of diet quality, assessed by dietary diversity score (DDS), Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I), and healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) with the risk of hypertension. Methods This study recruited a total of 10,111 individuals (45.14% male) with mean age of 48.63 ± 9.57 years from the Fasa Cohort Study, Iran. Indices of diet quality, including MDS, HEI-2015, DQI-I, and DDS were computed by a 125-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants were diagnosed as hypertensive if they had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg,, or used antihypertensive drugs. Results Hypertension was prevalent in 28.3% of the population (21.59% in males and 33.74% in females). In the whole population, after adjustment for potential covariates, including daily energy intake, age, gender, physical activity, smoking, family history of hypertension, body mass index, and the level of education, higher adherence to the MDS (OR: 0.86, 95%CI = 0.75–0.99) and HEI-2015 (OR: 0.79, 95%CI = 0.68–0.90) was significantly associated with decreased risk of hypertension. The protective effect of HEI-2015 against hypertension remained significant for both males (OR: 0.80, 95%CI = 0.64–0.99) and females (OR: 0.78, 95%CI = 0.66–0.94), while, for MDS, this relationship disappeared in the subgroup analysis by gender. DQI-I and DDS were not related to the odds of hypertension. Conclusions Adhering to MDS and HEI-2015 diets could contribute to the prevention of hypertension.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease in Japan: A nationwide, cross-sectional cohort study using data from the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database (J-CKD-DB)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0236132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Sofue ◽  
Naoki Nakagawa ◽  
Eiichiro Kanda ◽  
Hajime Nagasu ◽  
Kunihiro Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Indonesian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andra Kurnianto ◽  
Deni Kurniadi Sunjaya ◽  
Fedri Ruluwedrata Rinawan ◽  
Dany Hilmanto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Background. Given that hypertension in adulthood has its onset in childhood, it is not surprising that the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents has also increased in recent years. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of hypertension and also the new AAP guideline has not yet been applied to the Indonesian adolescent population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension using the new AAP guideline and to assess the occurrence of its associated factors among Indonesian adolescents. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at twelve senior high schools in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia, from June to December 2019. The study included adolescents aged 13 to 18 years old. Anthropometric measurements were obtained. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors most associated with hypertension among adolescents, and then an equation model was created. The prevalence of hypertension was evaluated, together with several factors such as age group, sex, ethnicity, family history of hypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, perceived stress, sleep duration, nutritional intake, and smoking. Results. In total, 1200 adolescents aged 15.9 ± 0.99 years were evaluated. The prevalence of hypertension and elevated blood pressure among adolescents was 8% and 12.2%, respectively. There were significant associations between sex, family history of hypertension, hypertensive father, nutritional status, physical activity, perceived stress, and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents (p<0.05). Stress was the most powerful risk factor of hypertension with an odds ratio of 5.83 (95% confidence interval 2.91–11.6). Conclusions. Nowadays, the prevalence of hypertension among Indonesian adolescents is quite high. This may be caused by lifestyle or behavior changes among adolescents. Sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, and perceived stress influenced the 27% hypertension prevalence rate among Indonesian adolescents, particularly in Palembang, South Sumatera. In order to decrease the prevalence of hypertension in adults, concern about lifestyle or behavior changes and hypertension among adolescents should be given.

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