scholarly journals Towards Responsible Rebellion: How Founders Deal with Challenges in Establishing and Governing Innovative Living Arrangements for Older People

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6235
Author(s):  
Katja M. Rusinovic ◽  
Marianne E. van Bochove ◽  
Suzanna Koops-Boelaars ◽  
Zsuzsu K.C.T. Tavy ◽  
Joost van Hoof
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Older People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Depth Interviews

In the Netherlands, there is an increasing need for collective forms of housing for older people. Such housing bridges the gap between the extremes of living in an institutionalised setting and remaining in their own house. The demand is related to the closure of many residential care homes and the need for social engagement with other residents. This study focuses on housing initiatives that offer innovative and alternative forms of independent living, which deviate from mainstream housing arrangements. It draws on recent literature on healthcare ‘rebels’ and further develops the concept of ‘rebellion’ in the context of housing. The main research question is how founders dealt with challenges of establishing and governing ‘rebellious’ innovative living arrangements for older people in the highly regulated context of housing and care in the Netherlands. Qualitative in-depth interviews with 17 founders (social entrepreneurs, directors and supervisory board members) were conducted. Founders encountered various obstacles that are often related to governmental and sectoral rules and regulations. Their stories demonstrate the opportunities and constraints of innovative entrepreneurship at the intersection of housing and care. The study concludes with the notion of ‘responsible rebellion’ and practical lessons about dealing with rules and regulations and creating supportive contexts.

Village senior centres and the living arrangements of older people in rural China: considerations of health, land, migration and intergenerational support

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 2044-2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUIJUN LIU ◽  
KAREN N. EGGLESTON ◽  
YAN MIN
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Intergenerational Support ◽  
North East

ABSTRACTChina is experiencing rapid urbanisation and population ageing, alongside sometimes contentious rural land consolidation. These on-going social, economic, political and demographic changes are especially problematic for older people in rural areas. In these regions, social and institutional support arrangements are less developed than in urban areas; older people have few options for re-settlement but are resistant to or incapable of adjusting to high-rise apartment living. In 2012–13, we gathered rich qualitative and quantitative data on over 600 older residents in 12 villages under the jurisdiction of City L in north-east coastal China to analyse residents’ living arrangement choices during the village renovation process. We compared villages with and without senior centres to shed light on the correlates of co-residence and independent living. Senior centres play a role in balancing the burden on rural Chinese families resulting from population ageing, smaller families, widespread migration for work, and the rapid urbanisation that is restructuring land rights and social support arrangements.

scholarly journals Limits in sexual interaction: A liminality hotspot, rather than an explicit boundary? (the subjectivity of the boundary between wanted and unwanted sex)

Human Affairs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bianchi ◽  
Jana Fúsková
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Aggression ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Sexual Interaction ◽  
Unwanted Sex ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Psychological Understanding ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Recent studies have used methods designed to obtain a precise quantitative assessment of sexual aggression, but these are based on the presumption of a normative psychological understanding of what the questionnaire items mean to respondents. This article takes a novel approach that is appropriate for analysing the ‘grey zone’ between wanted and unwanted sex as the key to obtaining a deeper understanding of the data on sexual violence. Stenner and Clinch (2013) developed the concept of “liminal hotspots”, which refer to liminal situations in which a rite of passage occurs from one recognised ‘structure’ to another. The article draws on in-depth interviews to examine the optimal and pessimal sexual encounters and contexts participants encounter in their sex lives. The main research question concerns how the boundary between wanted and unwanted sex is constructed. One important finding is that the concept of liminal hotspots can be used effectively to investigate the boundary between wanted and unwanted sex.

Effects of livelihood transformation on older persons in the Nordic Arctic: a gender-based analysis

Polar Record ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnaj Begum
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rapid Transformation

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the transformation that has occurred in livelihoods in the Nordic Arctic, showing how it affects gender equality among the region's older people. The region's population includes the Sámi, an indigenous people, who have traditionally relied for their livelihood on activities such as reindeer herding, making handicrafts, farming, fishing, hunting, trapping and gathering. In recent years these have faced enormous challenges because of the rapid transformation of the region in the wake of climate change and globalisation. Overall, these and other processes have precipitated socio-economic, cultural, environmental and infrastructural changes that are transforming the local economies and severely impacting older people in particular. The main research question examined in this article is whether gender inequality has arisen among older people because of the ongoing transformation of livelihoods. To this end, the paper provides an empirical analysis based on experiences gathered from field studies conducted by the author in Finnish and Swedish Lapland. The research also presents the experiences of older persons in light of the standard set by General Recommendation 27 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, which oversees the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. The Recommendation sets out the right of older women to equality and non-discrimination. The findings of the present research contribute to filling a gap in the literature on the topic.

Deciding to move into extra care housing: residents’ views

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1215-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
THERESIA BÄUMKER ◽  
LISA CALLAGHAN ◽  
ROBIN DARTON ◽  
JACQUETTA HOLDER ◽  
ANN NETTEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Social Leisure ◽  
Leisure Facilities ◽  
Extra Care Housing

ABSTRACTExtra care housing aims to meet the housing, care and support needs of older people, while helping them to maintain their independence in their own private accommodation. In 2003, the Department of Health announced capital funding to support the development of extra care housing, and made the receipt of funding conditional on participating in an evaluative study. Drawing on information collected directly from residents in 19 schemes, this paper presents findings on the factors motivating older people to move to extra care housing, their expectations of living in this new environment, and whether these differ for residents moving to the smaller schemes or larger retirement villages. In total, 949 people responded, 456 who had moved into the smaller schemes and 493 into the villages. Of the residents who moved into the villages most (75%) had not received a care assessment prior to moving in, and had no identified care need. There was evidence that residents with care needs were influenced as much by some of the attractions of their new living environment as those without care needs who moved to the retirement villages. The most important attractions of extra care housing for the vast majority of residents were: tenancy rights, flexible onsite care and support, security offered by the scheme and accessible living arrangements. The results suggest that, overall, residents with care needs seem to move proactively when independent living was proving difficult rather than when staying put is no longer an option. A resident's level of dependency did not necessarily influence the importance attached to various push and/or pull factors. This is a more positive portrayal of residents’ reasons for moving to smaller schemes than in previous UK literature, although moves did also relate to residents’ increasing health and mobility problems. In comparison, type of tenure and availability of social/leisure facilities were more often identified as important by those without care needs in the villages. Therefore, as in other literature, the moves of village residents without care needs seemed to be planned ones mostly towards facilities and in anticipation of the need for care services in the future.

scholarly journals The Kostyuk report: Executive compensation practices in Ukraine

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Alexander Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Major Form ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The main research question of this research is: "Does an ownership structure influence performance of executive compensation in Ukraine?". A very detailed investigation of the most active Ukrainian joint stock companies has been undertaken. Total number of the companies under research is 50. Period of investigation is from 1998 to 2003. Fixed-based compensation is still the major form to reward executives at Ukrainian companies. From this perspective, Ukrainian practices for rewarding executives belongs to Continental model, developed in Germany. It can be explained by lack of: appropriate legislation, allowing stock based compensation; liquid stock market; lack of knowledge of directors (members of supervisory boards) on incentive based compensation; lack of control and executive monitoring functions by supervisory board

scholarly journals Duties and Liability of the Members of the Supervisory Board of Limited Companies in Estonia: The First Cases from the Supreme Court of Estonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Andres Vutt ◽  
Margit Vutt
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Management Board ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Difference

Similarly to German law, Estonian company law provides two-tier management for all public limited companies. Legal regulation of the liability of members of the management board and supervisory board is the same, and therefore the question arises of whether there is any difference in liability between members of different boards. The Estonian Supreme Court recently made two decisions regarding the liability of members of the supervisory board. The main research question of the article is ‘what is the scope of the duties of the supervisory board in comparison to the duties of the management board, and how does the difference in duties affect the liability?’ As the main task of the supervisory board is to exercise supervision, the question is what the actual standard of supervision is. The main conclusions in the article are that the Supreme Court of Estonia has not given an answer to the question about the standard for the liability of members of the supervisory board and leaves open many other important questions about boundaries of their duties. 

scholarly journals Day centres for older people: attender characteristics, access routes and outcomes of regular attendance. Finding of exploratory mixed methods case study research.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Orellana ◽  
Jill Manthorpe ◽  
Anthea Tinker
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Older People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Added Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Social Prescribing

Abstract BACKGROUND Social prescribing is encouraged to promote well-being, reduce isolation and loneliness. Traditional, generalist day centres for older people could be suggested by social prescribing, but little is known about their clientele or their outcomes. As part of a larger study of the role, outcomes and commissioning of generalist English day centres for older people, the characteristics of attenders at four day centres, their reasons for attendance and outcomes were explored. METHODS This mixed-methods study used qualitative interviews and standardised tools within an embedded multiple-case study design. Semi-structured interviews with older day centre attenders (n=23, 62% of eligible attenders) of four day centres in south-east England, recruited purposively to reflect organisational differences, were analysed. RESULTS Participants reported non-elective withdrawal from socialisation following health or mobility decline, or losses. Apart from living arrangements and marital status, attenders’ profiles differed between centres. Access had been mostly facilitated by others. Day centre attendance enhanced quality of life for this group of socially isolated people with mobility restrictions and at risk of declining independence and wellbeing. The positive impact on attenders' social participation and involvement and on meaningful occupation was significant (p-value <0.001, 99% CI), with an average ASCOT gain score of 0.18. Ten outcome themes were identified. CONCLUSION Outcomes of day centre attendance are those targeted by social care and health policy. Centres were communities that ‘enabled’ and offset loss or isolation, thus supporting ageing in place through wellbeing and contributed something unique to their attenders’ lives. By monitoring attenders’ health and wellbeing and providing practical support, information and facilitating access to other services, centres offered added value. Attendance needs to be set in the context of other social engagement and care provision which may not overlap or duplicate centre support. Professionals may wish to explore the benefits of social prescriptions to day centres but should map local centres’ provision, engage with their organisers, and seek information on attenders, who may differ from those in this study.

scholarly journals Hatay’daki Suriyeli Mültecilerin Girişimcilik Alanındaki Deneyimleri ve Mekânsal Faktörler

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Olgu Karan ◽  
Bilge Çakır ◽  
Erhan Kurtarır
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Depth Interviews

Bu yazı, Türkiye’de yeni yeni gelişen göçmen küçük işletme sahipleri yazınına, Hatay’ın Samandağ, Defne, Kırıkhan, Reyhanlı ve Antakya ilçelerinde yapılan alan çalışmasını Bourdieu’nun alan kuramını işlemselleştirerek katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.  Araştırmanın temel sorusu, farklı ilçelerin demografik ve sosyo–kültürel yapısının Suriyeli mültecilerin küçük işletme deneyimlerini nasıl etkilediğidir. Saha çalışması, saha gözlemleri, 30 küçük işletmecinin yanı sıra Hatay’ın ilçelerinde bulunan Esnaf ve Sanatkârlar Odası ile Antakya Ticaret Odası’ndan 4 yetkiliyle yapılan derinlemesine mülakatlardan oluşmaktadır. Bugüne kadar birçok çalışmada elde edilen bulguların, alanın ve ilçelerin yapısını hesaba katmadığı, sadece Suriyeli mültecilerin girişimcilik stratejilerine, özelliklerine, oluşturdukları ve sahip oldukları sermaye türlerine odaklandığı görülmüştür. Bu tür araştırmaların bütünlüklü ve ilişkisel bir araştırma ortaya koyamayıp, girişimcilerin alanla ilişkili olarak karşılaştıkları zorlukları ve bunların üstesinden gelmek için geliştirdikleri stratejileri ve adaptasyon süreci farklılıklarını anlamaktan uzak kaldığı da bir gerçektir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’deki Suriyeli esnaflar yazınında oluşan kolaycılığa kaçan genellemeci, farklı yerel etkenlere bağlı olarak oluşan dinamikleri, deneyimleri ve “entegrasyon” stratejilerini gözden kaçıran eğilimler bu çalışmada eleştirilmektedir. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH Syrian Refugees Entrepreneurial Experiences and Spatial Factors in Hatay, Turkey This study aims to contribute to the emerging scholarship on Syrian Refugee entrepreneurship in Turkey by utilising Bourdieusian field theory. The main research question of the paper is as follows: How demographic and socio-cultural structures of different districts of Hatay impact on the experiences of Syrian Refugee entrepreneurship in Hatay, Turkey? The research employs field observations and 34 in-depth interviews with 30 small business owners from Syrian refugees in various trades and 4 key persons from trade associations in the districts of Hatay province such as Samandağ, Defne, Antakya, Kırıkhan and Reyhanlı. The research illustrates those demographic, economic and socio-cultural differences within the districts of Hatay province lead to differentiated entry possibilities, barriers, and strategies for Syrian refugees in small business ownership.

scholarly journals Day centres for older people: attender characteristics, access routes and outcomes of regular attendance. Finding of exploratory mixed methods case study research.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Orellana ◽  
Jill Manthorpe ◽  
Anthea Tinker
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Older People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Added Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Social Prescribing

Abstract BACKGROUND Social prescribing is encouraged to promote well-being, reduce isolation and loneliness. Traditional, generalist day centres for older people could be suggested by social prescribing, but little is known about their clientele or their outcomes. As part of a larger study of the role, outcomes and commissioning of generalist English day centres for older people, the characteristics of attenders at four day centres, their reasons for attendance and outcomes were explored. METHODS This mixed-methods study used qualitative interviews and standardised tools within an embedded multiple-case study design. Semi-structured interviews with older day centre attenders (n=23, 62% of eligible attenders) of four day centres in south-east England, recruited purposively to reflect organisational differences, were analysed. RESULTS Participants reported non-elective withdrawal from socialisation following health or mobility decline, or losses. Apart from living arrangements and marital status, attenders’ profiles differed between centres. Access had been mostly facilitated by others. Day centre attendance enhanced quality of life for this group of socially isolated people with mobility restrictions and at risk of declining independence and wellbeing. The positive impact on attenders' social participation and involvement and on meaningful occupation was significant (p-value <0.001, 99% CI), with an average ASCOT gain score of 0.18. Ten outcome themes were identified. CONCLUSIONS Outcomes of day centre attendance are those targeted by social care and health policy. Centres were communities that ‘enabled’ and offset loss or isolation, thus supporting ageing in place through wellbeing and contributed something unique to their attenders’ lives. By monitoring attenders’ health and wellbeing and providing practical support, information and facilitating access to other services, centres offered added value. Attendance needs to be set in the context of other social engagement and care provision which may not overlap or duplicate centre support. Professionals may wish to explore the benefits of social prescriptions to day centres but should map local centres’ provision, engage with their organisers, and seek information on attenders, who may differ from those in this study.

Operating as a Social Enterprise within Resource and Institutional Constraints

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ismail ◽  
Brendon Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Main Research ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Economic Constraints

Abstract This study explores questions around the abilities of social enterprises (SEs) to obtain market-based revenues in the context of a middle-income country with significant institutional and economic constraints (Egypt). Our main research question focuses on analyzing the reasons why SEs in this context are unable to obtain their desired level of market-based revenues. Through the analysis of 22 SEs with some degree of a mixed revenue model, we draw three major conclusions that contribute to both academic theory and SE practice: (a) the importance of investing in new cohorts of SE employees, (b) ways to increase SEs’ ability to respond to institutional barriers, and (c) the promotion of adaptive organizational models able to respond to changing external conditions. The study makes several contributions to the literature. Most importantly, it seeks to add findings to discussion around how SEs operate within constraints by providing real-life empirical data from a context that faces significant institutional and resource barriers. It adds to the current literature by offering insights on organizational capacity, institutions, legitimacy, and adaptability that can be applied to other countries with similar socio-economic contexts. Methodologically, it also makes an effort to move beyond biases of studying only successful SEs, to offer micro-level qualitative analysis of SEs, and to hear unique and potentially alternative perspectives to academic narratives rooted in concept and theory by better understanding how social entrepreneurs themselves perceive their own work and practices.

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