scholarly journals Providing Sports Venues on Mainland China: Implications for Promoting Leisure-Time Physical Activity and National Fitness Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5136
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Xuhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sports Venues

Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has been well documented as having substantial health benefits. The 2014 Chinese Fitness Survey Report stated that a lack of physical activity (PA) spaces is the most important non-human factor, leading to 10% of leisure-time physical inactivity in people aged 20 and above. We investigated the provision of sports venues in China and discussed the development of sports venues and national fitness policies in the context of promoting LTPA and public health. We analyzed information from China’s most recent sport venue census, the Sixth National Sports Venues Census, conducted in 2013. The number of sports venues increased between 2000 and 2013, with an inflection point around the year 2008. At the end of 2013, there were 12.45 venues for every 10,000 residents, and the per capita area was 1.46 m2. However, numbers were still small compared with the United States and Japan. The percentages of full-time access, part-time access and membership venues were 51.5%, 14.3% and 34.2% respectively. Only half of sports venues were fully open to the public, meaning that the realized number and area per capita could be even lower. A lack of sports venues forces people who want to engage in PA to occupy other urban spaces that are not planned and designed for PA. Urban parks had 119,750 fitness station facilities (3.32% of the total), and 2366 urban fitness trails (19.24%), with a combined length of 6450 km (32.91%). On average, urban and rural areas had 13.17 and 10.80 venues per 10,000 persons, and 1.83 m2 and 0.97 m2 per capita. The urban-rural gap in sports venues exactly embodies some aspects of the “urban-rural dual structure” in China’s society. Measures to promote PA should focus on new and existing sports venues. In the policy making process, Chinese governments need to pay attention to the potential impact of related, external factors such as the gap between the urban and the rural and the potential advantage of indoor venues against summer heat and air pollution.

How Do Different Occupational Factors Influence Total, Occupational, and Leisure-Time Physical Activity?

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corneel Vandelanotte ◽  
Camille Short ◽  
Matthew Rockloff ◽  
Lee Di Millia ◽  
Kevin Ronan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Total Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Impact

Background:A better understanding of how occupational indicators influence physical activity levels will aid the design of workplace interventions.Methods:Cross-sectional data were collected from 1194 participants through a telephone interview in Queensland, Australia. The IPAQ-long was used to measure physical activity. Multiple logistic regression was applied to examine associations.Results:Of participants, 77.9% were employed full-time, 32.3% had professional jobs, 35.7% were engaged in shift work, 39.5% had physically-demanding jobs, and 66.1% had high physical activity levels. Participants with a physicallydemanding job were less likely to have low total (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.38) and occupational (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.25) physical activity. Technical and trade workers were less likely to report low total physical activity (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.97) compared with white-collar workers. Part-time (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.15 to 2.64) and shift workers (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.21 to 2.88) were more likely to report low leisure-time activity.Conclusions:Overall, the impact of different occupational indicators on physical activity was not strong. As expected, the greatest proportion of total physical activity was derived from occupational physical activity. No evidence was found for compensation effects whereby physically-demanding occupations lead to less leisure-time physical activity or vice versa. This study demonstrates that workplaces are important settings to intervene, and that there is scope to increase leisure-time physical activity irrespective of occupational background.

scholarly journals Interrelations of Socioeconomic Position and Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Y. Wolin ◽  
Gary G. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Background:The interrelations between various physical activity domains have received little empirical attention in the United States. Of particular interest, given the potential applicability to traditionally underserved communities, is the nature of the association between occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA).Methods:5448 adult men and women who participated in NHANES 1999–2000 were included in analyses. Linear regression was used to examine the bivariate and multivariable associations of OPA and education with LTPA. Generalized logit models were used to examine the association of education with OPA.Results:We found no association between education and LTPA. OPA was significantly positively associated with LTPA (P < .001). The association between OPA and LTPA was not strongest among those with low education and held only for men in gender-stratified analysis. Education was inversely associated with OPA (P < .001) in multivariable analysis.Conclusions:Our findings lend preliminary support to the hypothesis that OPA is an important determinant of LTPA, particularly in men. This provides additional support to calls for assessment of OPA, particularly among individuals of low social class.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF LEISURE-TIME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN OLDER, RURAL CANCER SURVIVORS IN CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S388-S388
Author(s):  
Scherezade K Mama ◽  
Nishat Bhuiyan ◽  
Eugene Lengerich ◽  
Kathryn Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environmental Support ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Central Pennsylvania

Abstract This study explored social and environmental determinants of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in cancer survivors (CS) residing in Central Pennsylvania, a largely rural region. Rural CS completed questionnaires assessing LTPA, social support (SS) for LTPA, home and neighborhood environments for LTPA. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations with being active/inactive. Participants (n=219) were categorized as mature survivors (&lt;75 years, 80.7%) or elderly survivors (&gt;=75 years, 19.3%). Only 28.2% of elderly survivors reported meeting LTPA guidelines compared to 45.6% of mature survivors. Survivors reporting SS for LTPA were 10% more likely to active than those who did not have SS (OR=1.1, CI 1-1.1). Mature survivors that reported environmental support (home: OR=1.2: CI 1-1.3; neighborhood: OR=1.8, CI: 1-3.2) were more likely to be active than those without strong environmental support. Creating more supportive environments to foster LTPA in elderly survivors in rural areas is a key priority for future research.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of Leisure Time Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Simultaneously on the Income-Overweight/Obesity Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3127
Author(s):  
Layton Reesor-Oyer ◽  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Emily C. LaVoy ◽  
Daniel P. O’Connor ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
The United States

In the United States, overweight/obesity is more prevalent among those with low-income; higher income is related to greater leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), which are inversely related to overweight/obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the role of LTPA and SB simultaneously in the income-overweight/obesity relationship. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2014) were utilized (n = 10,348 non-older adults (aged 20–59 years)). A multiple mediator structural equation model was conducted to evaluate the indirect effects from income to overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m2) through LTPA and SB simultaneously, controlling for confounding variables, including diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. As expected, greater income was negatively associated with overweight/obesity. Income indirectly influenced overweight/obesity through LTPA (Indirect effect: B = −0.005; CI = −0.01, −0.003), and through SB (Indirect effect: B = 0.008; CI = 0.005, 0.01), in opposing directions. The direct effect from income to overweight/obesity remained statistically significant. LTPA partially accounted for the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity; SB reduced the strength of the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity. Targeted behavior approaches for weight management may be beneficial. Increasing LTPA among adults with lower income and decreasing SB among adults with higher income may provide some overweight/obesity protection.

scholarly journals Determinants of sports, cycling, walking and overall leisure-time physical activity among postmenopausal women in Germany

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1905-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Steindorf ◽  
Jenny Chang-Claude ◽  
Dieter Flesch-Janys ◽  
Martina E Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Walking Activity

AbstractObjectiveConvincing evidence exists for a beneficial effect of physical activity (PA) on health and well-being for elderly women. Nevertheless, many women in Germany are insufficiently physically active. Activity promotion programmes should target women in particular need. Thus, we examined subject-related determinants of PA for postmenopausal women in Germany.DesignAssociations of sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and health-related factors with activity since the age of 50 years were assessed with multiple linear and logistic regression models, regarding overall leisure-time PA (LPA) in metabolic equivalent hours per week, engagement in sports (ever v. never), cycling (yes v. no) and walking (≥3·5 v. <3·5 h/week).SettingAll controls from a population-based case–control study carried out in 2002–2005 in Germany (MARIE study).SubjectsA total of 6569 postmenopausal women.ResultsWe found significant associations of overall LPA, sports, cycling and walking in postmenopausal years with several characteristics, among others: obese v. normal BMI (adjusted OR: ORsports = 0·73; ORcycling = 0·60; ORwalking = 0·63), tall v. short (ORsports = 1·49), worker v. medium employee (ORsports = 0·47), working full time v. unemployed/retired (ORsports = 0·80; ORwalking = 0·56), current v. non-smoker (ORsports = 0·62; ORcycling = 0·62; ORwalking = 0·82), non-German nationality (ORsports = 0·58; ORcycling = 0·41). Parity seemed more relevant than marital status for sports or cycling activity. Further, CVD, hypertension and diabetes were significantly associated with lower activity (ORsports = 0·77, 0·79 and 0·80; ORcycling = 0·80, 0·75 and 0·85, respectively).ConclusionsOur results suggest potential target groups for promoting sports, cycling or walking activity. Postmenopausal women with chronic diseases may need to be stronger encouraged by their physicians to engage in adequate PA for the management of their diseases.

Perceptions of Constraints to Leisure Time Physical Activity among Latinos in Wake County, North Carolina

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Casper ◽  
Michelle Gacio Harrolle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wake County

Purpose. Examine and compare constraints to physical activity (PA) among Latinos based on age, gender, income, and self-reported leisure time PA (LTPA). Design. Cross-sectional survey. Partnered with a North Carolina nonprofit advocacy organization who recruited community leaders (promotores) to administer the survey to Latino constituents. Setting. Latino communities in Wake County, North Carolina. Subjects. Respondents (N = 457) were mostly women (58%), with a mean age of 34 years (SD = 11), low income (70% < $39K/year); 78% were born outside the United States, with a majority from Mexico (52%). Measures. Sociodemographics; Stanford Brief PA Survey; constraints on PA were measured with 20 items assessing seven constructs (accessibility, facilities, knowledge, partners, psychologic, safety, and time). Analysis. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, t-tests, and analysis of variance. Results. Half of the sample was inactive. Eighty-one percent indicated that they would like to be more active and perceived lack of accessibility, partners, and knowledge of PA resources as the most constraining factors. Respondents in low-income categories cited significantly higher psychological and accessibility constraints. Inactive LTPA respondents perceived significantly higher constraints overall, with knowledge and accessibility having the largest effect sizes. No differences were found based on age and gender. Conclusions. This study highlighted that among Latinos, there may be an opportunity to increase activity levels by targeting knowledge about PA resources, increasing access to opportunities for PA, and enhancing the social environment for PA. Such efforts that target these constraints to increase PA may ultimately improve health.

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