scholarly journals Study of the Differential Consequences of Neglect and Poverty on Adaptive and Maladaptive Behavior in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Carlos Herruzo ◽  
Antonio Raya Trenas ◽  
María J. Pino ◽  
Javier Herruzo
Keyword(s):  
Assessment System ◽  
Maladaptive Behavior ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
School Problems ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The consequences of physical neglect on retardation in the development of adaptive behaviors and the increased risk of poor physical and mental health are well documented. As physical neglect is a phenomenon found almost exclusively among socially deprived people, it is important to distinguish the health effects caused by neglect from those caused by poverty. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of poverty and physical neglect on the development of problematic externalizing and internalizing behaviors, adaptive skills, and school problems among school children between the ages of 3 and 12. A group of 157 children were chosen from 28 Andalusian schools and classified in three homogeneous groups. Children in group 1 (n = 53) had two target conditions: living in slums (poverty) and suffering from neglect. Children in group 2 (n = 52) had one target condition: living in the same slums as the children in group 1, but not suffering from neglect. Group 3 (n = 52) consisted of children from other (non-slum) neighborhoods who did not suffer from neglect. Adaptive and maladaptive behaviors were evaluated with the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC). Significant differences were found between group 1 and group 2, but there were no important differences between group 2 and group 3. The conclusion was that externalizing and internalizing problems, school problems, and low adaptive skills found in neglected children were associated with neglect rather than with poverty or socially deprived environments.

scholarly journals Postpartum Morbidity Associated With Advanced HIV Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judette Louis ◽  
Mudathiru A. Buhari ◽  
Dianne Allen ◽  
Bernard Gonik ◽  
Theodore B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Wound Complication ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Advanced Hiv Disease ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To investigate the postpartum morbidity and postpartum management of febrile morbidity associated with advanced HIV infection. Methods. A case control study of HIV infected women at a tertiary care center during January 2000–June 2005 was performed. Postpartum morbidity was defined as endometritis, blood transfusion, wound complication, readmission, infectious morbidity, or unexpected surgery. Results. Women in Group 1 had AIDS (N=33), Group 2 were relatively immunocompetent HIV infected women (N=115), and Group 3 were uninfected women (N=152). Group 1 was more likely to have a postpartum morbidity (32.3 versus 19.3 and 13.2%,P=.03) and to have postpartum imaging 18.8 versus 7.9 and 2.6%,P=.002. After controlling for potential confounders, cesarean delivery (OR 6.2, 95%CI 2.1–505.5) but not advanced HIV disease was associated with an increased risk of postpartum morbidity. Conclusion. Cesarean delivery and not advanced HIV disease increases the risk of postpartum morbidity in women with AIDS.

No Effect of Rapamycin on Cardiac Adhesion Formation: A Drug-Loaded Bioresorbable Polylactone Patch in a Porcine Cardiac Surgical Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Saddiq Qazi ◽  
Benedict Kjaergaard ◽  
Fei Yang ◽  
Hong Shen ◽  
Shenguo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: The fusing of the epicardium and sternum due to adhesion is a common problem during repeated cardiac surgery and carries with it an increased risk of bleeding. The use of barriers and patches has been tested to prevent the formation of adhesions, but the very presence of a patch can provoke adhesion formation. The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate both biodegradable and bioresorbable polylactone patches [(polycaprolactone-poly(ethylene oxide)-polycaprolactone tri-block copolymer (PCE)]. The patches were also tested with a controlled release of rapamycin, which prevents cell migration and extracellular matrix deposition. The clinical effectiveness of rapamycin in pericardial patches has not previously been examined. Materials and Methods: Three groups of 6 female Danish Landrace pigs underwent sternotomy and abrasion of the epicardium, before being randomized to either group 1 - the control group (with no patch), group 2 - PCE patch implanted between the sternum and epicardium, or group 3 - PCE patch and slow-release 1.6-mg rapamycin. After a median time period of 26 days, the pigs were euthanized and their hearts removed en bloc with the sternum, for macroscopic, histological and pathological examination. Results: Upon macroscopic examination, a significantly lower degree of adhesion in group 2, as compared to group 1 (p < 0.05), was found. Histological analysis of the tissues showed significantly more fibrosis, inflammation and foreign body granulomas (p < 0.05) in both group 2 and group 3, when compared to group 1. Conclusion: A PCE patch following sternotomy in animal subjects reduces postoperative macroscopic adhesions without reducing microscopic fibrosis or inflammation. Loading the patch with rapamycin was found not to increase the antifibrotic effect.

Chorangiosis of Chorionic Villi: What Does It Really Mean?

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Stanek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Chorangiosis has been regarded as a result of low-grade placental hypoxia associated with pregnancy risk factors and abnormal outcomes. It is unknown whether these are a consequence of chorangiosis itself or of associated other placental pathology.Context.— To prove that chorangiosis itself does not portend an increased risk for pregnancy unless associated with other placental pathology.Objective.— This retrospective statistical study analyzes 1231 consecutive placentas with diffuse or focal hypervascularity of chorionic villi: 328 with preuterine pattern of chronic hypoxic placental injury (group 1), 297 with uterine type of chronic hypoxic placental injury (group 2), and 606 cases with chorangiosis (group 3) not fulfilling the inclusion criteria for groups 1 or 2.Design.— Group 2, with 33 cases of chorangiosis (11.1%), featured 10 and 11 statistically significant highest percentages of abnormal clinical and placental variables, respectively; group 3 featured the highest percentages of multiple pregnancy, the heaviest placentas, and the most common acute chorioamnionitis, fetal inflammatory response; and group 1 had the highest proportion of mild erythroblastosis of fetal blood. When comparing groups 1 and 3, 21 of 29 clinical risk factors/outcomes (72.4%) and 30 of 41 placental variables (73.2%) were more common in group 1.Results.— Presence of diffuse hypoxic patterns of placental injury adds prognostically negative significance to increased vascularity of chorionic villi. Chorangiosis without those patterns portends minimal risk for the pregnancy, and is associated with significantly fewer pregnancy risk factors, abnormal outcomes, and other placental abnormalities.Conclusions.—

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection and increased diabetes prevalence were the risks of colorectal adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horng-Yuan Wang ◽  
Ying-Chun Lin ◽  
Chieh-Chang Chen ◽  
Ming-Jen Chen ◽  
Ming-Shiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Adenoma Risk ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and hyperglycemia may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm. However these two factors affect colorectal neoplasm remain controversial. We aimed to carry out a meta-analysis to evaluate the study population diabetes prevalence rate and H. pylori infection rate with colorectal adenoma risk. Methods We conducted a systemic research through English databases for medical reports. We also recorded the diabetes prevalence and H. pylori infection prevalence in each study. We classified these studies into 4 subgroups as their background population diabetes prevalence < 6%(Group 1); between 6 to 8%(Group 2); between 8 to 10 %(Group 3) and more than 10%(Group 4). The random effects model had used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval [CI]. Results Twenty seven studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis. The random-effects model of meta-analysis was chosen, showing pooled odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.51 (95 % CI 1.39–1.63). The subgroup meta-analyses showed in Group 1 the H. pylori infection associated colorectal adenoma risk OR was 1.24 (95 % CI 0.86–1.78). As diabetes rate exceed 6%, the H. pylori infection became more significant increased risk of colorectal adenoma (Group 2: OR 2.16 (95 % CI 1.61–2.91); Group 3: OR 1.40 (95 % CI 1.24–1.57); Group 4: OR 1.52 (95 % CI 1.46–1.57)). Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis showed DM prevalence would affect the risk factor of colorectal adenoma with H. pylori infection.

Outcomes in different age groups with primary Ewing sarcoma of the spine: a systematic review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett K. Berger ◽  
Peyton L. Nisson ◽  
Whitney S. James ◽  
Kristen N. Kaiser ◽  
R. John Hurlbert
Keyword(s):  
Ewing Sarcoma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVEEwing sarcoma (ES) is among the most prevalent of bone sarcomas in young people. Less often, it presents as a primary lesion of the spine (5%–15% of patients with ES).METHODSA systematic literature search was performed, querying several scientific databases per PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria specified all studies of patients with surgically treated ES located in the spine. Patient age was categorized into three groups: 0–13 years (age group 1), 14–20 years (age group 2), and > 21 (age group 3).RESULTSEighteen studies were included, yielding 28 patients with ES of the spine. Sixty-seven percent of patients experienced a favorable outcome, with laminectomies representing the most common (46%) of surgical interventions. One-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates were 82% (n = 23), 75% (n = 21), and 57% (n = 16), respectively. Patients in age group 2 experienced the greatest mortality rate (75%) compared to age group 1 (9%) and age group 3 (22%). The calculated relative risk score indicated patients in age group 2 were 7.5 times more likely to die than other age groups combined (p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONSPrimary ES of the spine is a rare, debilitating disease in which the role of surgery and its impact on one’s quality of life and independence status has not been well described. This study found the majority of patients experienced a favorable outcome with respect to independence status following surgery and adjunctive treatment. An increased risk of recurrence and death was also present among the adolescent age group (14–20 years).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hearing Loss in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Severity of Diabetic Neuropathy

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abin M Abraham ◽  
Ashish Varghese ◽  
Jubbin Jagan Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose This study assessed the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and its relationship with the presence and severity of diabetic neuropathy. Methods Patients between the ages of 30 to 60 years (both ages inclusive) with T2DM were recruited and divided into three groups. Group 1 included patients without neuropathy. Group 2 had patients with mild neuropathy. Group 3 had patients with moderate and severe neuropathy. After informed consent hearing threshold was assessed using pure tone audiometry (PTA). Results Of the 200 patients recruited, the prevalence of hearing loss was overall 81%. The prevalence was 66.7% in group 1, 80.9% in group 2 and 87.6% in group 3 (p=0.009). Among patients with moderate to severe neuropathy (group 3) 33.3% had clinically significant hearing loss (p=0.015). Age, gender, presence of neuropathy and severity of neuropathy were associated with increased risk of developing hearing loss. Severity of hearing loss worsened with increase in severity of neuropathy. Conclusions Age, gender and severity of neuropathy were associated with increased risk of developing hearing loss. Screening for hearing loss in patients with moderate to severe diabetic neuropathy using self-report questionnaires can help in timely diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection and increased diabetes prevalence were the risks of colorectal adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horng-Yuan Wang ◽  
Ying-Chun Lin ◽  
Chieh-Chang Chen ◽  
Ming-Jen Chen ◽  
Ming-Shiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Adenoma Risk ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and hyperglycemia may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm. However these two factors affect colorectal neoplasm remain controversial. We aimed to carry out a meta-analysis to evaluate the study population diabetes prevalence rate and H. pylori infection rate with colorectal adenoma risk. Methods We conducted a systemic research through English databases for medical reports. We also recorded the diabetes prevalence and H. pylori infection prevalence in each study. We classified these studies into 4 subgroups as their background population diabetes prevalence < 6%(Group 1); between 6 to 8%(Group 2); between 8 to 10%(Group 3) and more than 10%(Group 4). The random effects model had used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval [CI]. Results Twenty seven studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis. The random-effects model of meta-analysis was chosen, showing pooled odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.51 (95% CI 1.39–1.63). The subgroup meta-analyses showed in Group 1 the H. pylori infection associated colorectal adenoma risk OR was 1.24 (95% CI 0.86–1.78). As diabetes rate exceed 6%, the H. pylori infection became more significant increased risk of colorectal adenoma (Group 2: OR 2.16 (95% CI 1.61–2.91); Group 3: OR 1.40 (95% CI 1.24–1.57); Group 4: OR 1.52 (95% CI 1.46–1.57)). Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis showed DM prevalence would affect the risk factor of colorectal adenoma with H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection and increased diabetes prevalence were the risks of colorectal adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horng-Yuan Wang ◽  
Ying-Chun Lin ◽  
Chieh-Chang Chen ◽  
Ming-Jen Chen ◽  
Ming-Shiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Adenoma Risk ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and hyperglycemia may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm. However these two factors affect colorectal neoplasm remain controversial. We aimed to carry out a meta-analysis to evaluate the study population diabetes prevalence rate and H. pylori infection rate with colorectal adenoma risk. Methods We conducted a systemic research through English databases for medical reports. We also recorded the diabetes prevalence and H. pylori infection prevalence in each study. We classified these studies into 4 subgroups as their background population diabetes prevalence < 6%(Group 1); between 6 to 8%(Group 2); between 8 to 10 %(Group 3) and more than 10%(Group 4). The random effects model had used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval [CI]. Results Twenty seven studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis. The random-effects model of meta-analysis was chosen, showing pooled odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.51 (95 % CI 1.39–1.63). The subgroup meta-analyses showed in Group 1 the H. pylori infection associated colorectal adenoma risk OR was 1.24 (95 % CI 0.86–1.78). As diabetes rate exceed 6%, the H. pylori infection became more significant increased risk of colorectal adenoma (Group 2: OR 2.16 (95 % CI 1.61–2.91); Group 3: OR 1.40 (95 % CI 1.24–1.57); Group 4: OR 1.52 (95 % CI 1.46–1.57)). Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis showed DM prevalence would affect the risk factor of colorectal adenoma with H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Association of early and later depressive symptoms with functional outcome after ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Lopatkiewicz ◽  
Joanna Pera ◽  
Agnieszka Slowik ◽  
Tomasz Dziedzic
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Post-stroke depressive symptoms (DS) can be chronic or transient, occurring shortly or long after stroke and lasting only few months. It remains unclear if the prognosis differs between patients with DS in the acute phase of stroke and those who develop DS several months later. We aimed to determine whether outcomes vary among patients with different trajectories of post-stroke depressive symptoms. Methods Of 698 enrolled patients with ischemic stroke, we included 335 participants (median age: 68, 48% female) who were assessed for DS both 8 days and 3 months post-stroke. We divided patients into 4 groups: without greater DS (Group 1), only earlier DS (Group 2), only later DS (Group 3), and persistent DS (Group 4). Logistic regression was used to determine the association between DS and 3- and 12-month functional outcome. Results Group 2 was predominantly female and had the highest rate of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. Group 3 was more likely to suffer from delirium and more severe stroke. Group 4 had the highest frequency of vascular risk factors, pre-morbid psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive decline. In multivariate analysis, Group 3, but not Groups 2 and 4, had an increased risk of poor 3- and 12-month functional outcome (adjusted OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.64–4.07, P < 0.01 and OR 3.97, 95% CI 2.32–6.76, P < 0.01, respectively) compared with Group 1. Conclusions Different trajectories of post-stroke DS are related to different outcomes. Patients who only have later DS also have the worst prognosis.

Plasma Hypercoagulability After Immuntherapy With Corynebacterium Parvum

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Baumgärtner ◽  
J Harenberg ◽  
D Fritze ◽  
R Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cytostatic Therapy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Toxic side effects after i.v. application of co- rynebacterium (c.) parvum in the experimental immuntherapy of malignant disease are known. Since hypercoagulability is proven in cancer patients a controlled trial was carried out in 18 patients with metastatic breast cancer to investigate the influence of c. parvum i.v. on platelet count, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis.Patients were allocated randomly to one of the three treatments:1)0.4mg c.parvum i.v. and cytostatic therapy (vincristine, adriblastin and en- doxan), 2) 0.4mg c.parvum i.v. and 0.9% saline infusion at day 15 of the cytostatic cycles and 3) only cytostatic therapy. Parameters were controlled before and 1, 2, 4, and 24 hrs after beginning of therapy. Platelet count decreased in a rate of 15% within 4 hrs.in all groups. Factor VIII, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, aPTT, thrombin clotting time, reptilase time, ethanol gelation test and AT III remained uneffected in all groups. Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) determined radioimmunological ly increased in group 1 from 1.1 to 18.6 ng/ml (median)two hrs after the application of c.parvum and in group 2 from 4.5 to 57.5 ng/ml (p 0.05). Within 24 hrs FPA declined to the initial values. In group 3 no changes were measured. The euglobulinlysis time, plasminogen, α-1-antitrypsin and α-2-macroglobulin were not influenced in all treatment groups.The data indicate, that c.parvum i.v. enhances or initates even in small doses plasma hypercoagulability in patients with malignancy. This may contribute to development of thrombemblic complications in patients with increased risk factors.

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