scholarly journals Increased Detection of Viruses in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Using PCR

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
David Hwang ◽  
Nan-Chang Chiu ◽  
Li-Chuan Weng ◽  
Hsin-Fu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Antigen Tests

Respiratory viruses are a common cause of respiratory tract infection (RTI), particularly in neonates and children. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of viral infections could improve clinical outcomes and reduce the use of antibiotics and treatment sessions. Advances in diagnostic technology contribute to the accurate detection of viruses. We performed a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the viral etiology in pediatric patients and compared the detection rates with those determined using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. Fifteen respiratory viruses were included in our investigation: respiratory syncytial virus A/B (RSV), influenza virus A (FluA) and influenza virus B (FluB), human metapneumovirus (MPV), enterovirus (EV), human parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1–4, human rhinovirus (RV), human coronavirus OC43, NL63, and 229E, human adenovirus (ADV), and human bocavirus (Boca). In total, 474 specimens were collected and tested. Respiratory viruses were detected more frequently by PCR (357, 75.3%) than they were by traditional tests (229, 49.3%). The leading pathogens were RSV (113, 23.8%), RV (72, 15.2%), PIV3 (53, 11.2%), FluA (51, 10.8%), and ADV (48, 10.1%). For children younger than 5 years, RSV and RV were most prevalent; for children older than 5 years, FluA and ADV were the most frequently detected. Of the specimens, 25.8% (92/357) were coinfected with two or more viruses. RV, Boca, PIV2, FluB, and PIV4 had higher rates of coinfection; MPV and PIV1 had the lowest rates of coinfection (9.1% and 5.3%). To conclude, the detection power of PCR was better than that of traditional antigen tests and virus cultures when considering the detection of respiratory viruses. RSV and RV were the leading viral pathogens identified in the respiratory specimens. One-quarter of the positive specimens were coinfected with two or more viruses. In the future, further application of PCR may contribute to the rapid and accurate diagnosis of respiratory viruses and could improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Presence of Human Bocavirus 1 and other Respiratory Viruses in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anda Vilmane ◽  
Inga Ziemele ◽  
Santa Rasa ◽  
Anna Terentjeva ◽  
Modra Murovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality of children in the world. In addition to respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus types A and B, parainfluenza types 1, 2 and 3, and adenoviruses, several new respiratory viruses associated with LRTI were discovered in the 21st century. These are metapneumovirus, coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1, parainfluenza virus type four and human bocavirus one (HBoV1). HBoV1 was discovered in 2005 and is considered as the fourth most prevalent respiratory virus worldwide. However, the high frequency of co-infections detected together with HBoV1 raises doubt about whether HBoV1 is a true pathogen or just a bystander. This is the first study aimed to determine the presence of HBoV1 and 18 other respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) of children with LRTI in Latvia. Using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction method, the HBoV1 genomic sequence was detected in 60.0% of NPA samples, showing that HBoV1 prevalence is high among children with LRTI in Latvia. HBoV1 mono-infection was revealed in 6.67%. The most common co-infections associated with HBoV1 were rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A and B, metapneumovirus, and enterovirus.

scholarly journals Respiratory Virus Infections in Adults with Hematologic Malignancies: A Prospective Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Martino ◽  
Elena Rámila ◽  
Núria Rabella ◽  
José Manuel Muñoz ◽  
Mercé Peyret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

Abstract During a 2-year period, 157 consecutive episodes of respiratory virus infections that occurred in 130 patients with upper or lower respiratory tract infection were analyzed for respiratory viruses. A respiratory virus was identified in 75 episodes (48%), and several viruses were found in 13 episodes: there were a total of 56 influenza A virus infections, 14 respiratory syncytial virus infections, 8 adenovirus infections, 8 infections with parainfluenza virus types 1 or 3, and 7 enterovirus infections. On multivariate analysis, the only variable that predicted progression to pneumonia in patients with an upper respiratory tract infection was the presence of respiratory syncytial virus, whereas lymphocytopenia had a nonsignificant trend. Also, among the 38 patients who had pneumonia at any time during the episode, both respiratory syncytial virus and lymphocytopenia were commonly found. For both epidemiological and therapeutic considerations, frequent screening for respiratory viruses should be incorporated into the routine diagnostic study of patients with hematologic malignancies.

High Detection Rates of Human Bocavirus in Infants and Small Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection from Croatia

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (01+02/2019) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunčanica Ljubin-Sternak ◽  
Tomislav Meštrović ◽  
Irena Ivković-Jureković ◽  
Goran Tešović ◽  
Gordana Mlinarić-Galinović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Small Children ◽  
High Detection

scholarly journals Atypical presentation of human bocavirus: Severe respiratory tract infection complicated with encephalopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1831-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer Akturk ◽  
Guntulu Sık ◽  
Nuran Salman ◽  
Murat Sutcu ◽  
Burak Tatli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Atypical Presentation

scholarly journals Identification of Human Bocavirus type 4 in a child asymptomatic for respiratory tract infection and acute gastroenteritis – Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresinha Teixeira de Sousa ◽  
Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida ◽  
Fabíola Souza Fiaccadori ◽  
Menira Souza ◽  
Kareem Rady Badr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Human Bocavirus

scholarly journals Respiratory syncytial virus genotypes NA1, ON1, and BA9 are prevalent in Thailand, 2012–2015

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilada Thongpan ◽  
John Mauleekoonphairoj ◽  
Preeyaporn Vichiwattana ◽  
Sumeth Korkong ◽  
Rujipat Wasitthankasem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Glycosylation Site ◽  
Predicted Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Glycoprotein Gene ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children worldwide. To investigate the RSV burden in Thailand over four consecutive years (January 2012 to December 2015), we screened 3,306 samples obtained from children ≤5 years old with acute respiratory tract infection using semi-nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In all, 8.4% (277/3,306) of the specimens tested positive for RSV, most of which appeared in the rainy months of July to November. We then genotyped RSV by sequencing the G glycoprotein gene and performed phylogenetic analysis to determine the RSV antigenic subgroup. The majority (57.4%, 159/277) of the RSV belonged to subgroup A (RSV-A), of which NA1 genotype was the most common in 2012 while ON1 genotype became prevalent the following year. Among samples tested positive for RSV-B subgroup B (RSV-B) (42.6%, 118/277), most were genotype BA9 (92.6%, 87/94) with some BA10 and BA-C. Predicted amino acid sequence from the partial G region showed highly conserved N-linked glycosylation site at residue N237 among all RSV-A ON1 strains (68/68), and at residues N296 (86/87) and N310 (87/87) among RSV-B BA9 strains. Positive selection of key residues combined with notable sequence variations on the G gene contributed to the continued circulation of this rapidly evolving virus.

scholarly journals Human Bocavirus in Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang Su Kim ◽  
Chae Seung Lim ◽  
Young Kee Kim ◽  
Kap No Lee ◽  
Chang Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Human Bocavirus
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