scholarly journals Preferences for Sweet and Fatty Taste in Children and Their Mothers in Association with Weight Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Sobek ◽  
Edyta Łuszczki ◽  
Mariusz Dąbrowski ◽  
Katarzyna Dereń ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Taste Preferences ◽  
Fat Taste

Strong preferences for sweet and fat tastes (characters) are associated with the consumption of foods high in calories. The taste preferences, especially the sweet and fat tastes (characters), might be one of the factors predisposing children to become overweight and/or develop obesity. The aim of the study is to assess taste preferences in children and their mothers in association with their weight status. In the study, 150 children aged 8–15 were included; among them, 75 had overweight and/or obesity, and 150 mothers of whom 69 were overweight and/or obese. Body composition estimates were obtained using a bioelectrical impedance analysis-body height was measured using a stadiometerSeca 213. Sensory tests were carried out using apple juice of various sugar content and crackers of various fat content. Results show that children prefer a sweet taste more often than their mothers (50.0% vs. 35.3%, p = 0.009). In the group of children who preferred the high-sweet taste, there were twice as many obese children when compared to the group who preferred the low-sweet taste. Similar relationships applied to mothers. Preferences for fat taste (character) among mothers increased the risk of obesity among their children (39% vs. 20%; p = 0.039). Taste preferences, especially a sweet taste preference, seem to be one of the important factors determining overweight and obesity in children and adults. The fat taste(character) preferences in mothers correlate with the overweight and/or obesity of their children, while such preferences among children were not significantly different irrespective of body weight status.

scholarly journals Comparison of predicted body fat percentage from anthropometric methods and from impedance in university students

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Arroyo ◽  
Ana M. Rocandio ◽  
Laura Ansotegui ◽  
Hector Herrera ◽  
Itziar Salces ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

The objective of the present study was to compare different methods for evaluating body fat percentage (BF%) (anthropometric methods and bioelectrical impedance analysis) in university students. Subjects were 653 healthy students whose mean age, body height, body weight and BMI were 21·1 (SD 2·5) years, 166·0 (SD 8·4) cm, 62·8 (SD 11·0) kg and 22·7 (SD 3·1) kg/m2, respectively. Results showed that BMI is a poor predictor of body fatness since the sensitivity was low in comparison with the reference method (Siri equation). The lowest values of BF% were obtained using the reference method (Siri equation) (21·8 (SD 6·8)%). The two methods with the highest agreement were Siri and Lean (mean difference, −0·5), followed by Brozek (mean difference, −1·4) and Deurenberg (mean difference, −1·5). The largest mean difference for BF% was between Siri and impedance (−4·5). Although the methods and/or equations used in the present study have been commonly utilised to estimate BF% in young adults, the results must be interpreted with caution in the diagnosis and monitoring of overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Body height and waist circumference of young Swiss men as assessed by 3D laser-based photonic scans and by manual anthropometric measurements

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Beckmann ◽  
Lafi Aldakak ◽  
Patrick Eppenberger ◽  
Frank Rühli ◽  
Kaspar Staub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Scan

Overweight and obesity are considered among the major health concerns worldwide. The body mass index is a frequently used measure for overweight and obesity and is associated with common non-communicable diseases such as diabetes type II, cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. However, the body mass index does not account for the distribution of body fat and relative fat to muscle mass. 3D laser-based photonic full body scans provide detailed information on various body circumferences, surfaces, and volumes as well as body height and weight (using an integrated scale). In the literature, body scans showed good feasibility, reliability, and validity, while also demonstrating a good correlation with health parameters linked to the metabolic syndrome. However, systematic differences between body scan derived measurements and manual measurements remain an issue. This study aimed to assess these systematic differences for body height, waist circumference, and body mass index using cross-sectional data from a homogenous sample of 52 young Swiss male volunteers. In addition to 3D laser-based photonic full body scans and correlative manual measurements, body fat distribution was assessed through bioelectrical impedance analysis. Overall, an excellent correlation was found between measurements of waist circumference and body mass index, and good correlation between body mass index and total fat mass, as well as between waist circumference and visceral fat mass as assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Volunteers were shorter in height measured by body scan when compared to manual measurements. This systematic difference became smaller when volunteers stood in the scanner in a completely upright position with their feet together. Waist circumference was slightly smaller for manual measurements than for body scan derived values. This systematic difference was larger in overweight volunteers compared to leaner volunteers.

scholarly journals Analysis of overweight and obesity in menopausal women using bioelectrical impedance analysis system

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
Jolanta Dąbrowska ◽  
Beata Naworska ◽  
Magdalena Dąbrowska-Galas ◽  
Magdalena Wodarska ◽  
Violetta Skrzypulec-Plinta
Keyword(s):  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Analysis System

scholarly journals Weight status and body composition analysis among Polish boys with autism spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
Sylwia Trambacz-Oleszak
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Standard Deviations

Abstract Currently, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are one of the main health care problems in both Poland and in other countries. There are limited studies on the physical growth and body composition among children and adolescents with ASD. Several studies have indicated that the prevalence of unhealthy weight is high among autistic patients. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity of Polish boys with ASD and to analyse body composition. A cross-sectional study was performed on 29 Polish boys aged 3–11 with autism. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to evaluate body composition. The percentile values and z-scores for body height, body weight and BMI were calculated. The CDC cut–points were used to determine weight status. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. 16.1% autistic boys had z-scores for body weight above two standard deviations, 12.9% had z-scores for body height above two standard deviations and z-scores for BMI above two standard deviations were found in 19.4% of the boys. 13.8% of autistic boys were underweight, 48.3% had healthy weight, 20.7% were overweight, and 17.2% were obese. The mean value of body fat percentage was 18.46%, and 16.1% of the boys with ASD had higher than normal fat tissue. There is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Polish boys with autism.

scholarly journals Overweight BMI (25–29) in Active Duty Military: Excess Fat or More Lean Mass? A Look at the Evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip G Clerc ◽  
Stéphanie B Mayer ◽  
Sky Graybill
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Obesity Epidemic

ABSTRACT Many active duty service members and their health care providers feel that the current body mass index (BMI) standard for diagnosing obesity, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, may unfairly overclassify as obese those with higher muscle mass. Unfortunately, a closer look at the data available for service members repeatedly demonstrates the exact opposite: we are actually underestimating the rates of obesity in service members using current BMI cutoffs when compared with body fat mass as measured by either dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis as the gold standard. Using a lower BMI threshold and refining positive results via history, exam, labs, and/or more specific measurements of body composition would more accurately estimate body fat percentage in active duty service members while remaining convenient and scalable. Given the current obesity epidemic in our nation, this suggests the critical need for new approaches to screening, as well as treatment, of overweight and obesity in our military to improve service readiness.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Anthropometric Measures with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in the Classification of Overweight and Obesity in U.S. Military Personnel (P21-050-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa Shams-White ◽  
Kenneth Chui ◽  
Patricia Deuster ◽  
Nicola McKeown ◽  
Aviva Must
Keyword(s):  
False Discovery Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
The Military

Abstract Objectives Given that the prevalence of obesity in the military is a growing national security concern, we sought to determine: 1) the level of agreement between body mass index (BMI), circumference-based equation (CBE), waist circumference (WC), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures, and 2) if BMI, CBE, or WC measures alone or in combination adequately reflect adiposity in military personnel compared to BIA measures. Methods Measurements taken by trained personnel were used to estimate BMI (using overweight cut-offs in males from the military (BMI, ≥27.5 kg/m2) and World Health Organization (WHO BMI, ≥25.0 kg/m2)), BMI % body fat (BF%), WC, CBE BF%, and BIA BF%. Respondents were categorized as normal vs. overweight/obese or overfat. Anthropometric measures were compared to BIA to examine levels of agreement and standard screening performance measures. Results Among the 389 participants (78% male), WHO BMI and BIA BF% classified the most males (61.1% and 42.6%, respectively) and females (both 51.2%) as overweight/obese, whereas WC with BMI (BMI + WC) and WC alone were the least likely to classify males (10.9% and 11.6%, respectively) and females (both 9.3%) as overweight/obese. The levels of agreement were all statistically significant and highest for BMI (males Cohen's kappa (Ck) = 0.711, females Ck = 0.814) and WHO BMI (males Ck = 0.578, females Ck = 0.814); moderate for BMI + CBE (males Ck = 0.447, females Ck = 0.676); and lowest for WC and WC + BMI (all Ck ≤ 0.270). To maximize sensitivity and minimize false discovery rate, BMI + CBE performed best overall (sensitivity = 50.9%, false discovery rate = 5.4%). Conclusions Valid measures of adiposity are needed to ensure that military recruitment and job security are not jeopardized by inaccurate body fat standards. Our findings support BMI + CBE as an easy-to-implement combination to assess adiposity in the military. Future studies need to consider overall goals, including associated health risks, before expanding on these findings. Funding Sources All authors contributed their efforts without receiving funding or salary support. The research study was supported by a Grant to the Consortium for Health and Military Performance at the Uniformed Services University from the US Army's Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness program.

scholarly journals Taste Sensitivity and Taste Preference among Malay Children Aged 7 to 12 Years in Kuala Lumpur—A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-256
Author(s):  
Ler Sheang Lim ◽  
Xian Hui Tang ◽  
Wai Yew Yang ◽  
Shu Hwa Ong ◽  
Nenad Naumovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Control Study

The taste and food preferences in children can affect their food intake and body weight. Bitter and sweet taste sensitivities were identified as primary taste contributors to children’s preference for consuming various foods. This pilot study aimed to determine the taste sensitivity and preference for bitter and sweet tastes in a sample of Malaysian children. A case–control study was conducted among 15 pairs of Malay children aged 7 to 12 years. Seven solutions at different concentrations of 6-n-propylthiouracil and sucrose were prepared for testing bitterness and sweet sensitivity, respectively. The intensity of both bitter and sweet sensitivity was measured using a 100 mm Labelled Magnitude Scale (LMS), while the taste preference was rated using a 5-point Likert scale. The participants were better at identifying bitter than sweet taste (median score 6/7 vs. 4/7). No significant differences were detected for both tastes between normal-weight and overweight groups [bitter: 350 vs. 413, p = 0.273; sweet: 154 vs. 263, p = 0.068], as well as in Likert readings (bitter 9 vs. 8: p = 0.490; sweet 22 vs. 22: p = 0.677). In this sample of Malay children, the participants were more sensitive to bitterness than sweetness, yet presented similar taste sensitivity and preference irrespective of their weight status. Future studies using whole food samples are warranted to better characterize potential taste sensitivity and preference in children.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND BODY FAT PERCENTAGE, ESTIMATED BY BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE IN A GROUP OF ROMANIAN FEMALE STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Vrabie ◽  
George-Sebastian Iacob
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) also called bioelectrical impedance (BEI) is a non-invasive method based on the electric conductibility properties of tissues and is a commonly used technique for estimating body composition.Percentage of body fat is strongly associated with the risk of several chronic diseases but its accurate measurement is difficult. Body Mass Index is a useful population-level measure of overweight and obesity. It is used for all categories of people, male or female.The main objective of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between BMI and body fat percentage (BF%) in a group of Romanian female students. This relationship has been studiedin various ethnic groups before. To conduct the study, we examined 29 young females (aged 20-36 years old) estimating BF% from bioelectrical impedance analysis using Tanita Body Fat Monitor Scale UM-076.In this research group, the BMI and BodyFat dependent variables have a moderate to strong correlation (r = .839; 0.75 < r < 1), the favorable score for the first measurement being a statistically relevant benchmark for the second (sig < 0.05).

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