scholarly journals Evidence of Adaptation to Increasing Temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbeth Weitensfelder ◽  
Hanns Moshammer
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
The City

In times of rising temperatures, the question arises on how the human body adapts. When assumed that changing climate leads to adaptation, time series analysis should reveal a shift in optimal temperatures. The city of Vienna is especially affected by climate change due to its location in the Alpine Range in Middle Europe. Based on mortality data, we calculated shifts in optimal temperature for a time period of 49 years in Vienna with Poisson regression models. Results show a shift in optimal temperature, with optimal temperature increasing more than average temperature. Hence, results clearly show an adaptation process, with more adaptation to warmer than colder temperatures. Nevertheless, some age groups remain more vulnerable than others and less able to adapt. Further research focusing on vulnerable groups should be encouraged.

Influence of Content Type Over Online Engagement on Facebook Brand Pages of SMEs

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-272
Author(s):  
Ajitabh Dash
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Engagement ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Content Strategy ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The purpose of this study is to analyse how various dimensions brand post characteristics, such as vividness, novelty and content type, influence the online engagement on Facebook brand pages managed by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in India. A sample of 162 brand posts published by 10 brand pages managed by SMEs in India for a selected time period between 1 April and 1 June 2019. Poisson regression models were deployed to analyse the collected data and assess the effect of these brand post characteristics on online engagement. The findings of this study not only contribute to the existing literature but also will help the SMEs to craft their content strategy for social media marketing in Indian context.

Mortality predictions for Ireland, 2001–2015: cancers of the breast, ovary, and cervix and corpus uteri

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
P. O'LORCAIN ◽  
H. Comber
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Death Certificate ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
Uterine Cancers ◽  
Log Linear

Linear and log-linear Poisson regression models of Irish breast, ovarian, and cervical and corpus uterine cancer mortality data for the years 1953–2000 were used to predict European age standardized mortality rates (EASMRs) per 100,000 person years and numbers of deaths for the period 2001–2015. Rates for the whole population and for those under 65 are expected to fall from their current levels for breast and corpus uterine cancers but not for ovarian and cervical uterine cancers. EASMRs for postmenopausal women aged between 55 and 69 years are predicted to fall for breast, ovarian, and cervical and corpus uterine cancers. The continuing expansion of the Irish female population is the primary reason why the numbers of deaths arising from breast, ovarian, and cervical uterine cancer are predicted to increase in all of the above age groups. It is not exactly clear why the numbers of corpus uterine cancer deaths are expected to continue to decline, but it may be a matter of improvement in overall death-certificate coding or their diagnoses as cervical cancer deaths.

scholarly journals A spatio-temporal geodatabase of mortalities due to respiratory tract diseases in Tehran, Iran between 2008 and 2018: a data note

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Pishgar ◽  
Alireza Mohammadi ◽  
Nasser Bagheri ◽  
Behzad Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Respiratory Tract Diseases ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

Abstract Objectives Respiratory tract diseases (RTDs) are among the top five leading causes of death worldwide. Mortality rates due to respiratory tract diseases (MRRTDs) follow a spatial pattern and this may suggest a potential link between environmental risk factors and MRRTDs. Spatial analysis of RTDs mortality data in an urban setting can provide new knowledge on spatial variation of potential risk factors for RTDs. This will enable health professionals and urban planners to design tailored interventions. We aim to release the datasets of MRRTDs in the city of Tehran, Iran, between 2008 and 2018. Data description The Research data include four datasets; (a) mortality dataset which includes records of deaths and their attributes (age, gender, date of death and district name where death occurred), (b) population data for 22 districts (age groups with 5 years interval and gender by each district). Furthermore, two spatial datasets about the city are introduced; (c) the digital boundaries of districts and (d) urban suburbs of Tehran.

scholarly journals What Really Matters: The Effect of Covid-19 on the Factors of Life Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Julius Janacek
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Factor

This article investigates the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the structure of factors of life satisfaction in the city of Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic. The dataset is based on a questionnaire survey conducted in Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic. Subsequent data analysis is conducted using ordinal logistic regression models. The results show that the emergence of the pandemic had a significant impact on life satisfaction factors. Firstly, the importance of family came to the fore: being in a relationship or being married proved to be a significant factor of life satisfaction during the pandemic but not before the pandemic. Secondly, a negative association between drinking alcohol and life satisfaction emerged during the pandemic. Alcohol probably started to be the tool for stress relief. Thirdly, sport became a significant positive factor of women’s life satisfaction. Sport most likely became an effective way of keeping oneself in balance. Results indicate that during a difficult time period there are different ways of how to deal with it. In this way doing sports and drinking alcohol seem to be substitute activities.

scholarly journals Physical distancing reduced the incidence of influenza and supports a favorable impact on SARS-CoV-2 spread in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (09) ◽  
pp. 953-956
Author(s):  
Efrén Murillo-Zamora ◽  
José Guzmán-Esquivel ◽  
Ramón Alberto Sánchez-Piña ◽  
Guillermo Cedeño-Laurent ◽  
Iván Delgado-Enciso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Transmission Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Physical distancing preventive measures were implemented in Mexico as a response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (CoViD-19) pandemic. School closures occurred on March 16, 2020, in 10 out of 32 Mexican states, and one week later in the remaining states. Because the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the influenza virus have similar transmission mechanisms, we aimed to evaluate the impact of physical distancing on the incidence of influenza as a proxy of the impact on SARS-CoV-2 contagion. Methodology: A national flu surveillance system was cross-sectionally analyzed and daily average percent changes (APCs) of incidence rates were calculated throught Poisson regression models. Results: Greater decreasing trends (APCs -8.8, 95% CI: -12.5, -4.5; vs. -6.0, 95% CI: -9.9, -2.0; p = 0.026) were documented in the states with earlier school closures and across age groups, suggesting that earlier implementation of physical distance results in reduced SARS-CoV-2 spread. Conclusions: Physical distancing policies decrease the incidence of influenza infections in Mexico; its favorable impact on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is commendable.

DEVELOPMENT OF AUTHOR’S CURRICULUM IN CIVIC EDUCATION “ME AND GABROVO”

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-389
Author(s):  
Pavlina Minkovska ◽  
◽  
Tatiana Drenska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Intercultural Competencies ◽  
The City ◽  
Educational Field

Our reasons for choosing and developing the scope of this Program is our understanding of the need for children to acquire a set of knowledge, skills and attitudes to the world around us and specifically to the city in which we live through modern pedagogical strategies, techniques, approaches and methods in the conditions of application of an interdisciplinary complex, implemented in all age groups, integrated in additional forms of pedagogical interaction, as an independent educational field in an author’s program system, and is aimed at acquiring social, civic and intercultural competencies and competencies related to health and maintaining a sustainable environment. We pay special attention to work with children with SEN and children from vulnerable groups. Determining the expected results will be the framework requirements for the results of civic education for preschool education according to the texts of Ordinance № 13 of 21.09.2016 on civil, health, environmental and intercultural education, with at least two areas of competence in each additional form. Key importance and emphasis in the Program are partnership interactions with Gabrovo cultural, educational and other institutions for enrichment of the educational process in the kindergarten.

Effects of age, period, and cohort on stroke mortality among the Lithuanian urban population during the 24-year follow-up period

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Regina Rėklaitienė ◽  
Marius Noreika ◽  
Abdonas Tamošiūnas ◽  
Dalia Virvičiūtė ◽  
Diana Šopagienė
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
European Standard Population

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper was to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort on stroke mortality among the urban Lithuanian population. Routine stroke mortality data among the Lithuanian urban population aged 25–64 years (1041 men and 724 women) between 1980 and 2004 were obtained from the official Kaunas region mortality register and classified by codes 430–438 and 160–169 in the 9th and 10th revisions of the International Classifications of Diseases (ICD), respectively. Mortality rates per 100,000 persons for men and women were age-adjusted using the age distribution of the European Standard Population. Goodness of fit of the Poisson regression models was evaluated using the Pearson and Freeman-Tukey residuals. During the study period, mortality rates decreased from 46.8 to 33.0 per 100,000 for men, and from 20.2 to 18.1 per 100,000 for women (average annual decrease of −1.3%, p<0.1 for men, and −1.6%, p<0.03 for women). An age effect was present in both sexes. The definite upward period effect was observed from 1990 to 1994 both among men and women, and was followed by a sharp fall during 2000–2004. Cohort and period effects have contained relevant information that partially explained trends in stroke mortality among 25–64 year-olds in the Lithuanian urban population. The Poisson regression models could be applied for the examination and explanation of the different causes of the population mortality.

Influenza-associated excess mortality in southern Brazil, 1980–2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. M. FREITAS ◽  
L. R. O. SOUZA ◽  
E. AZZIZ-BAUMGARTNER ◽  
P. Y. CHENG ◽  
H. ZHOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Influenza Season ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns

SUMMARYIn order to estimate influenza-associated excess mortality in southern Brazil, we applied Serfling regression models to monthly mortality data from 1980 to 2008 for pneumonia/influenza- and respiratory/circulatory-coded deaths for all ages and for those aged ⩾60 years. According to viral data, 73·5% of influenza viruses were detected between April and August in southern Brazil. There was no clear influenza season for northern Brazil. In southern Brazil, influenza-associated excess mortality was 1·4/100 000 for all ages and 9·2/100 000 person-years for persons aged ⩾60 years using underlying pneumonia/influenza-coded deaths and 10·0/100 000 for all ages and 86·6/100 000 person-years for persons aged ⩾60 years using underlying respiratory/circulatory-coded deaths. Influenza-associated excess mortality rates for southern Brazil are similar to those published for other countries. Our data support the need for continued influenza surveillance to guide vaccination campaigns to age groups most affected by this virus in Brazil.

Prediction of watermain failure frequencies using multiple and Poisson regression

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asnaashari ◽  
E. A. McBean ◽  
I. Shahrour ◽  
B. Gharabaghi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
The City

An important concern for water utilities managers is the prediction of failure frequency of watermains. To provide insight, reliance can be structured based upon modeling of historical data. In this research two regression-based models are employed, namely multiple and Poisson regression models. The models are derived based on 10 years of historical data collected for the city of Sanandaj in Iran. Several tests to validate each of the models are described. The comparison of correlation coefficients for multiple and Poisson models, besides violating initial assumptions, show that multiple regression-based modeling is inadequate.

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