scholarly journals Chlorine Dioxide Degradation Issues on Metal and Plastic Water Pipes Tested in Parallel in a Semi-Closed System

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4582
Author(s):  
Alberto Vertova ◽  
Alessandro Miani ◽  
Giordano Lesma ◽  
Sandra Rondinini ◽  
Alessandro Minguzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Water Pipes ◽  
Set Up

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) has been widely used as a disinfectant in drinking water in the past but its effects on water pipes have not been investigated deeply, mainly due to the difficult experimental set-up required to simulate real-life water pipe conditions. In the present paper, four different kinds of water pipes, two based on plastics, namely random polypropylene (PPR) and polyethylene of raised temperature (PERT/aluminum multilayer), and two made of metals, i.e., copper and galvanized steel, were put in a semi-closed system where ClO2 was dosed continuously. The semi-closed system allowed for the simulation of real ClO2 concentrations in common water distribution systems and to simulate the presence of pipes made with different materials from the source of water to the tap. Results show that ClO2 has a deep effect on all the materials tested (plastics and metals) and that severe damage occurs due to its strong oxidizing power in terms of surface chemical modification of metals and progressive cracking of plastics. These phenomena could in turn become an issue for the health and safety of drinking water due to progressive leakage of degraded products in the water.

The role of biofilms in the mobilisation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the coal-tar lining of water pipes

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maier ◽  
D. Maier ◽  
B.J. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Pipes ◽  
Real Distribution ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The influence of biofilm formation on the coal-tar lining of water pipes in drinking water distribution systems was investigated in batch experiments as well as in a continuously flown circular reactor system. The nutrient source for the growth of the biofilm was only the drinking water and the coal-tar coating on the slides. The growth and existence of the biofilm was examined using different techniques. Leaching experiments showed clearly that the biofilm has protective characteristics because enhanced PAH concentrations could be detected after the removal of the biofilm from the slides. Moreover, the dosage of chlorine as a disinfectant during the reactor experiments gave indication that the chlorination resulted in a destabilisation of the biofilm which lead to elevated PAH concentrations. The results are in correspondence with observations made in real distribution systems where enhanced PAH concentrations were observed during disinfection processes. The examination of coal-tar coated water mains revealed that in addition to the protective effect of a biofilm a vast amount of the PAHs was adsorbed on particles embedded in the biofilm, e.g. from the iron oxidising bacteria Gallionella.

scholarly journals Inactivation of bacterial biothreat agents in water, a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Rose ◽  
E. W. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Public Health And Safety

Water supplies and water distribution systems have been identified as potential targets for contamination by bacterial biothreat agents. Since the 2001 Bacillus anthracis bioterrorist attacks, additional efforts have been aimed at research to characterize biothreat organisms in regards to their susceptibility to disinfectants and technologies currently in use for potable water. Here, we present a review of research relevant to disinfection of bacteria with the potential to pose a severe threat to public health and safety, and their potential surrogates. The efficacy of chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ultraviolet light to inactivate each organism in suspension is described. The complexities of disinfection under varying water conditions and when the organisms are associated with biofilms in distribution systems are discussed.

scholarly journals Fire and drinking water capacity enhancement in water distribution networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1207-1214
Author(s):  
T. Huzsvar ◽  
R. Weber ◽  
C. J. Hos
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Topology Optimisation ◽  
Pressure Sensitivity ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Abstract The purpose of the present study is to introduce a newly developed capacity increment (also pressure sensitivity reduction) technique in the case of drinking water distribution systems (WDS). The main novelty of this method is based on a correlation between two parameters of the water distribution network – one characterises its robustness in a topology-specific way, the other can be calculated with only one hydraulic simulation. With the help of connection the topology optimisation – the identification of the optimal place for installing a new pipe – can be determined within a short processing time, and without the implementation of a stochastic optimiser algorithm. The first part of the paper presents problems caused by high pressure sensitivity and introduces the mathematical background of the method, besides which it discusses the details of the algorithm. After that, the second part presents the results gained by the implementation of the method in two case studies: real-life water distribution systems of a small and a medium-sized town. For the small town, verification is possible by comparing the result of our method with the total hydraulic evaluation of the WDS.

Lead minerals found in drinking water distribution systems increase chlorine dioxide decay to a single inorganic product

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Reuter ◽  
Christian M. Lastoskie
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Corrosion Scale ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Mechanistic differences are found when chlorine dioxide, an alternative disinfectant, decays in the presence of both lead and copper minerals found in pipe corrosion scale.

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