scholarly journals Compliance with Multiple Health Behaviour Recommendations: A Cross-Sectional Comparison between Female Cancer Survivors and Those with no Cancer History

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N Tollosa ◽  
Meredith Tavener ◽  
Alexis Hure ◽  
Erica L James
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Multiple Health

Lifestyle behaviours have an important role in preventing cancer, reducing treatment side effects, and improving survival and quality of life for cancer survivors. This study investigated adherence to multiple lifestyle behaviours among women with and without a cancer history. From the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) surveys, 2407 cancer survivors and 3896 controls (cancer free population) were identified. Based on the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations, adherence to six health behaviours (smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption, sugary drink intake, and Body Mass Index [BMI]) were assessed. Overall adherence was low, and there were no differences between survivors and controls on adherence to any of the six individual health behaviours. However, both recent and long-term cancer survivors were more likely than controls to adhere to multiple health behaviours (p < 0.05). When participants with melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancer were excluded, adherence was less likely (but not significant) in the cancer group than controls. Higher education (p < 0.01), being married (p < 0.01), and lower comorbidity of chronic illnesses (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with adherence to multiple lifestyle behaviours. Overall, the findings suggest that a cancer diagnosis may result in increased compliance with multiple health behaviour guidelines.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Health Behaviours among University Students: The Predictive and Moderating Role of Gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdas Malinauskas ◽  
Audrone Dumciene ◽  
Saule Sipaviciene ◽  
Vilija Malinauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
University Students ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the role of gender as a potential predictor of health behaviour and potential moderator of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health behaviour. This cross-sectional study included 1214 students (597 males and 617 females). Data were collected using the Schutte Self-Report Inventory and the Health Behaviour Checklist. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was executed with the components of health behaviour as the dependent variables to examine the predictive value of the emotional intelligence indicators as the independent variables. Gender predicted all categories of health behaviours. Only one indicator of emotional intelligence, appraisal, predicted the Accident Control and Traffic Risk Taking categories. The emotional intelligence indicator of social skills emerged only as a predictor of Wellness Maintenance and Enhancement in university students. Gender moderates the relationship between all emotional intelligence indicators and health behaviour components except the relationship between Appraisal and Substance Risk Taking and the relationship between Utilization and traffic risk taking.

scholarly journals Red Meat and Inflammation and A1c in Breast Cancer Women (P05-038-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Khuu ◽  
John Pierce ◽  
Tianying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Processed Red Meat

Abstract Objectives To determine the associations of processed and unprocessed red meat with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and hemoblobin A1c (HbA1c) among breast cancer survivors. We hypothesized that processed and unprocessed red meat can increase CRP and HbA1c.These associations will not be completely mediated by body mass index (BMI). Methods Using a cross-sectional design, we analyzed data collected from 3088 breast cancer survivors who enrolled in the Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Study and had provided four detailed 24-hour dietary recalls over a 3-week period along with a blood sample to validate dietary pattern and measure plasma CRP and HbA1c from washed red blood cells. Intakes of processed and unprocessed red meat were extracted from dietary recalls. CRP concentrations were measured using high-sensitivity electrochemiluminescence assay. HbA1C was measured using ion exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. Results We found significant positive associations for both unprocessed and processed red meat with plasma CRP and HbA1c. In multivariable adjusted models, compared to women with the lowest quintile intakes of unprocessed red meat, women with highest quintile had a 19% increase of CRP and had an 11% increase of HbA1c after adjustment for BMI. Further adjustment for total vegetable intake did not materially change these associations. We observed similar patterns for processed red meat. The magnitudes of the associations of processed red meat with CRP and HbA1c were similar to that of unprocessed meat with CRP and HbA1c after adjustment of BMI. P-values for trends were less than 0.002 for all of these associations. Conclusions CRP and HbA1c are strong predictors for breast cancer prognosis and development of comorbidities (e.g., diabetes). Although many studies examined the association of red meat with CRP and HbA1c in general healthy population, few studies were conducted among breast cancer survivors. Our results for the first time demonstrate that the positive associations between unprocessed and processed red meat consumption and inflammation and hyperglycemia are not fully mediated by BMI among breast cancer women. Funding Sources SDSU start-up funds.

scholarly journals Major Depressive Disorder in Long-Term Cancer Survivors: Analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (25) ◽  
pp. 4130-4134 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Pirl ◽  
Joseph Greer ◽  
Jennifer S. Temel ◽  
Beow Y. Yeap ◽  
Stephen E. Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey Replication ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey

Purpose Prior research is mixed as to whether long-term cancer survivors (LCSs) have higher rates of depression than the general population. This is the first study to compare the rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) between LCSs and people without cancer histories in a nationally representative cross-sectional multistage cluster survey sample, the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R). Methods Between 2001 and 2003, face-to-face interviews were conducted for the NCS-R in a national sample of 9,282 people, of whom 5,692 were assessed for a history of cancer. Participants with cancer diagnoses at least 5 years before the interview were considered LCSs. Survivors of childhood cancers were excluded. Comparing LCSs to those without a cancer history, odds ratios for having a MDD episode in the last 12 months before interview were obtained using multiple logistic regression controlling for demographic and medical variables. Differences in characteristics of those MDD episodes were also compared between groups. Results Of participants age 23 years or older, 243 LCSs and 4,890 adults without a cancer history were identified in the sample. Adjusting for demographic variables and medical comorbidities, LCSs did not have increased odds of MDD in the last 12 months, with an odds ratio of (OR) 0.99 (95% CI, 0.55 to 1.79). LCSs reported higher mean levels of impairment from MDD in their home, social, and work life, but these differences were not significant. Conclusion LCSs do not appear to have elevated rates of MDD. However, they may experience greater impairment from MDD compared to those without cancer. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Public Attitudes towards Cancer Survivors among Korean Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 722-729
Author(s):  
Su Yeon Kye ◽  
Hyun Jeong Lee ◽  
Yeonseung Lee ◽  
Young Ae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Strategic Messaging

PurposeWe evaluated public attitudes towards cancer survivors and identified the characteristics associated with these attitudes in Korea.Materials and MethodsWe performed this cross-sectional study using proportionate quota random sampling of the 2015 Korean Census. In May 2017, investigators conducted face-to-face interviews with 1,500 Korean volunteers aged between 20 and 79 years. The questionnaire recorded sociodemographic factors, smoking and drinking habits, cancer history in family and acquaintances, interest in cancer survivors, cancer-survivor blame, and attitudes towards cancer survivors.ResultsMany participants had negative attitudes towards cancer survivors. People with a monthly household income above US $7,000 were less likely to have a negative attitude than those with monthly incomes below US $1,499. People in their 70s, without a religion, living in rural areas, smokers, or those who blame cancer survivors for their own cancer were more likely to have a negative attitude than people outside these categories. People interested in cancer survivors were less likely to have a negative attitude than those who were not interested.ConclusionTo improve attitudes towards cancer survivors, it will be necessary to increase interest in cancer survivors through education, publicity, and advocacy using strategic messaging that focuses on social and institutional aspects and emphasizes that responsibility for cancer should not be attributed to cancer patients. Inducing the public to be interested in cancer survivors will be important for positive attitudes toward cancer survivors.

scholarly journals Preconception Health and Lifestyle Behaviours of Women Planning a Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1701
Author(s):  
Bonnie R. Chivers ◽  
Jacqueline A. Boyle ◽  
Adina Y. Lang ◽  
Helena J. Teede ◽  
Lisa J. Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preconception Care ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Reproductive Life

Preconception care and lifestyle behaviours significantly influence health outcomes of women and future generations. A cross-sectional survey of Australian women in preconception, stratified by pregnancy planning stage (active planners (currently trying to conceive) vs. non-active planners (pregnancy planned within 1–5 years)), assessed health behaviours and their alignment to preconception care guidelines. Overall, 294 women with a mean (SD) age of 30.7 (4.3) years were recruited and 38.9% were overweight or obese. Approximately half of women (54.4%) reported weight gain within the previous 12 months, of which 69.5% gained ≥ 3kg. The vast majority of women (90.2%) were unaware of reproductive life plans, and 16.8% over the age of 25 had not undertaken cervical screening. Of active planners (n = 121), 47.1% had sought medical/health advice in preparation for pregnancy and 81.0% had commenced supplementation with folic acid, iodine or a preconception multivitamin. High-risk lifestyle behaviours including cigarette smoking (7.3%), consumption of alcohol (85.3%) and excessive alcohol consumption within three months (56.3%), were frequently reported in women who were actively trying to conceive. Results indicate that women who are actively planning a pregnancy require support to optimise health and lifestyle in preparation for pregnancy to improve alignment with current preconception care recommendations.

scholarly journals Geographical Disparities in Screening and Cancer-Related Health Behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Goodwin ◽  
Arlen Rowe ◽  
Fiona Crawford-Williams ◽  
Peter Baade ◽  
Suzanne Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

This study aimed to identify whether cancer-related health behaviours including participation in cancer screening vary by geographic location in Australia. Data were obtained from the 2014–2015 Australian National Health Survey, a computer-assisted telephone interview that measured a range of health-related issues in a sample of randomly selected households. Chi-square tests and adjusted odds ratios from logistic regression models were computed to assess the association between residential location and cancer-related health behaviours including cancer screening participation, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, and fruit and vegetable intake, controlling for age, socio-economic status (SES), education, and place of birth. The findings show insufficient exercise, risky alcohol intake, meeting vegetable intake guidelines, and participation in cervical screening are more likely for those living in inner regional areas and in outer regional/remote areas compared with those living in major cities. Daily smoking and participation in prostate cancer screening were significantly higher for those living in outer regional/remote areas. While participation in cancer screening in Australia does not appear to be negatively impacted by regional or remote living, lifestyle behaviours associated with cancer incidence and mortality are poorer in regional and remote areas. Population-based interventions targeting health behaviour change may be an appropriate target for reducing geographical disparities in cancer outcomes.

scholarly journals Associations of the dietary World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations with patient-reported outcomes in colorectal cancer survivors 2–10 years post-diagnosis: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marlou-Floor Kenkhuis ◽  
Bernadette W. A. van der Linden ◽  
Jose J. L. Breedveld-Peters ◽  
Janna L. Koole ◽  
Eline H. van Roekel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
American Institute ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract The World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) advise cancer survivors to follow their lifestyle recommendations for cancer prevention. Adhering to these recommendations may have beneficial effects on patient-reported outcomes after a cancer diagnosis, but evidence is scarce. We aimed to assess associations of the individual dietary WCRF/AICR recommendations regarding fruit and vegetables, fibre, fast foods, red and processed meat, sugar-sweetened drinks and alcohol consumption with patient-reported outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Cross-sectional data of 150 stage I–III CRC survivors, 2–10 years post-diagnosis, were used. Dietary intake was measured by 7-d dietary records. Validated questionnaires were used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL), fatigue and neuropathy. Confounder-adjusted linear regression models were used to analyse associations of each WCRF/AICR dietary recommendation with patient-reported outcomes. Higher vegetable intake (per 50 g) was associated with better global QoL (β 2·6; 95 % CI 0·6, 4·7), better physical functioning (3·3; 1·2, 5·5) and lower levels of fatigue (−4·5; −7·6, −1·4). Higher fruit and vegetables intake (per 100 g) was associated with better physical functioning (3·2; 0·8, 5·5) and higher intake of energy-dense food (per 100 kJ/100 g) with worse physical functioning (−4·2; −7·1, −1·2). No associations of dietary recommendations with neuropathy were found. These findings suggest that adhering to specific dietary WCRF/AICR recommendations is associated with better HRQoL and less fatigue in CRC survivors. Although the recommendations regarding healthy dietary habits may be beneficial for the well-being of CRC survivors, longitudinal research is warranted to gain insight into the direction of associations.

scholarly journals Protective lifestyle behaviours and depression in middle-aged Irish men and women: a secondary analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 2999-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian M Maher ◽  
Catherine P Perry ◽  
Ivan J Perry ◽  
Janas M Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between protective lifestyle behaviours (PLB) and depression in middle-aged Irish adults.DesignSecondary analysis of a cross-sectional study. PLB (non-smoker, moderate alcohol, physical activity, adequate fruit and vegetable intake) were assessed using a general health and lifestyle questionnaire and a validated FFQ. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A score of 15–21 indicates mild/moderate depression and a score of 22 or more indicates a possibility of major depression. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between PLB and depression.SettingLivinghealth Clinic, Mitchelstown, North Cork, Republic of Ireland.SubjectsMen and women aged 50–69 years were selected at random from a list of patients registered at the clinic (n 2047, 67 % response rate).ResultsOver 8 % of participants engaged in zero or one PLB, 24 % and 39 % had two and three PLB respectively, while 28 % had four PLB. Those who practised three/four PLB were significantly more likely to be female, have a higher level of education and were categorised as having no depressive symptoms. Engaging in zero or one PLB was significantly associated with an increased odds of depression compared with four PLB. Results remained significant after adjusting for several confounders, including age, gender, education and BMI (OR=2·2; 95 % CI 1·2, 4·0; P for trend=0·001).ConclusionsWhile causal inference cannot be established in a cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that healthy behaviours may play a vital role in the promotion of positive mental health or, at a minimum, are associated with lower levels of depression.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and lifestyle behaviours in cancer survivors: smoking and physical activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Naik ◽  
X. Qiu ◽  
M. C. Brown ◽  
L. Eng ◽  
D. Pringle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Lower Education

Purpose Smoking cessation and increased physical activity (pa) have been linked to better outcomes in cancer survivors. We assessed whether socioeconomic factors influence changes in those behaviours after a cancer diagnosis.Methods As part of a cross-sectional study, a diverse group of cancer survivors at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (Toronto, ON), completed a questionnaire about past and current lifestyle behaviours and perceptions about the importance of those behaviours with respect to their health. The influence of socioeconomic indicators on smoking status and physical inactivity at 1 year before and after diagnosis were assessed using multivariable logistic regression with adjustment for clinico-demographic factors.Results Of 1222 participants, 1192 completed the smoking component. Of those respondents, 15% smoked before diagnosis, and 43% of those smokers continued to smoke after. The proportion of survivors who continued to smoke increased with lower education level (p = 0.03). Of the 1106 participants answering pa questions, 39% reported being physically inactive before diagnosis, of whom 82% remained inactive afterward. Survivors with a lower education level were most likely to remain inactive after diagnosis (p = 0.003). Lower education level, household income, and occupation were associated with the perception that pa had no effect or could worsen fatigue and quality of life (p ≤ 0.0001).Conclusions In cancer survivors, education level was a major modifier of smoking and pa behaviours. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with incorrect perceptions about pa. Targeting at-risk survivors by education level should be evaluated as a strategy in cancer survivorship programs.

scholarly journals Composite health behaviour classifier as the basis for targeted interventions and global comparisons in men’s health

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Kendrick Flannigan ◽  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Donald R. McCreary ◽  
Nahid Punjani ◽  
Khushabu Kasabwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Related Diseases ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Introduction: Lifestyle-related diseases are the leading cause of death among North American men. We evaluated health behaviours and their predictors that contribute to morbidity and mortality among Canadian men as a means to making recommendations for targeted interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of Canadian men drawn from 5362 visitors to our online survey page was conducted. The current study sample of 2000 men (inclusion: male and >18 years; exclusion: incomplete surveys) were stratified to the 2016 Canadian census. The primary outcome was the number of unhealthy men classified using our Canadian Composite Classification of Health Behaviour (CCCHB) score. Secondary outcomes included the number of men with unhealthy exercise, diet, smoking, sleep, and alcohol intake, as well as socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with unhealthy behaviours to be used for targeting future interventions. Results: Only 118/2000 (5.9%) men demonstrated 5/5 healthy behaviours, and 829 (41.5%) had 3/5 unhealthy behaviours; 391 (19.6%) men currently smoked, 773 (38.7%) demonstrated alcohol overuse, 1077 (53.9%) did not get optimal sleep (<7 or >9 hours per night), 977 (48.9%) failed to exercise >150 minutes/week, and 1235 (61.8%) had an unhealthy diet. Multivariate analysis indicated that men with high school education were at increased risk of unhealthy behaviours (odds ratio [OR] 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–2.18; p=0.005), as were men living with relatives (OR 2.10; 95% CI1.04–4.26; p=0.039), or with their partner and children (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02–1.76; p=0.034). Conclusions: An overwhelming 41.5% of Canadian men had 3/5 unhealthy behaviours, affirming the need for targeted lifestyle interventions. Significant health inequities within vulnerable subgroups of Canadian men were identified and may guide the content and delivery of future interventions.

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