scholarly journals Understanding Educational and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Alcohol Use among Adolescents in Denmark; Implications for Health Literacy Interventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia König ◽  
Mette V. Skriver ◽  
Kim M. Iburg ◽  
Gillian Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Educational Performance ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

Background. Alcohol misuse is a global public health priority, with a variation in prevalence and impact between countries. Alcohol misuse in adolescence is associated with adverse psychological, social and physical health. Adolescents in Denmark have higher alcohol consumption and problematic alcohol use than adolescents in other European countries. Associations between social determinants of health (SDH), psycho-social factors and alcohol consumption are complex and influenced by national context and cultures. This study explored these associations in Danish adolescents. Method. The European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) survey collects data on alcohol and substance use among 15–16-year-old European students. Data contributed by Danish students to the 2011 survey were analyzed. The outcomes of interest were alcohol consumption (any, intoxication and problematic). Health literacy was not directly measured, so self-described educational performance and knowledge about alcohol were used as proxies for health literacy. Exploratory factors thus included socio-demographic, health literacy-related (knowledge about alcohol, educational performance) and psycho-social factors, as well as expectancies of the effect of alcohol (both positive and negative) and self-reported health. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken. Results. Of the 2768 adolescents who participated in the survey, 2026 (80%) consumed alcohol during the last 30 days, 978 (38%) were intoxicated at least once during the last 30 days, and 1050 (41%) experienced at least one problem because of alcohol use during the last 12 months. Multivariable analysis showed that the factors associated with higher alcohol intake were gender, poor relationships with parents, expectancies of the impact of alcohol (both positive and negative), and the influence of peers and their alcohol use. Higher school performance was related to lower alcohol consumption. Low socio-demographic status was not associated with higher alcohol consumption. Conclusions. This study confirmed the high levels of alcohol intake, intoxication, and problem drinking amongst the Danish students in the survey and the complexity of the socio-demographic, psychosocial, health literacy-related, and environmental factors associated with alcohol behaviours. Approaches to addressing the issue of alcohol use in Danish adolescents will need to be multi-factorial, including supporting students to develop alcohol-related health literacy skills to enable them to make informed choices.

Alcohol Consumption in the Australian Mining Industry: The Role of Workplace, Social, and Individual Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 216507992110057
Author(s):  
Carole L. James ◽  
Ross J. Tynan ◽  
Aaron T. Bezzina ◽  
Md Mijanur Rahman ◽  
Brian J. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Site Response ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Harmful Drinking ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Harmful Alcohol ◽  
Metalliferous Mining

Background: Coal miners have been reported to have higher rates of risky/harmful alcohol misuse; however, it is not known if metalliferous mining employees whose working conditions differ in workplace practices, also have increased rates of risky/harmful alcohol misuse. This study aimed to examine alcohol consumption in a sample of Australian metalliferous mining workers and to examine the demographic and workplace factors associated with risky/harmful alcohol use. Methods: All employees from a convenience sample of four Australian mine sites were invited to complete a paper-based cross-sectional survey between June 2015 and May 2017. The survey contained questions relating to social networks, health behaviors, psychological distress, demographic characteristics, and risky/harmful drinking. Current alcohol use was measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), a validated measure of risky and/or harmful drinking. Factors associated with risky/harmful drinking were investigated using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Findings: A total of 1,799 participants completed the survey (average site response rate 95%). Overall, 94.8% of males and 92.1% of females reported using alcohol in the preceding 12 months. The odds of risky/harmful alcohol use were significantly higher in those who were male, younger, and reported higher psychological distress. Conclusions/Application to Practice: This study identified that metalliferous mining employees engage in at-risk levels of alcohol consumption significantly higher than the national average despite workplace policies and practices that restrict alcohol use. Personal and workplace risk factors that may help target specific employee groups and inform the development of tailored, integrated multicomponent intervention strategies for the industry were identified.

Alcohol use among older adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D St John ◽  
Wanda M Snow ◽  
Suzanne L Tyas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Alcohol Interventions ◽  
Screening Questionnaires ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Intake

SummaryAlcohol use is common in older adults and is associated with numerous health and social problems. Recent evidence suggests that in addition to level of alcohol consumption, drinking pattern may also be important. Moderate alcohol intake may confer some cardiac benefits, while heavy episodic drinking seems particularly problematic. Detecting alcohol misuse in older adults is difficult since clinical acumen is often poor, screening questionnaires have serious limitations and laboratory tests are not diagnostic. Brief alcohol interventions to reduce alcohol consumption appear useful in younger populations, but are less studied in older adults. While there is increasing research into the issue of alcohol use among older adults, clinicians and policy-makers must rely on limited evidence when making clinical decisions.

Alcohol Consumption is Associated With An Increased Risk of Microscopic Colitis: Results From 2 Prospective US Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Niccum ◽  
Kevin Casey ◽  
Kristin Burke ◽  
Emily W Lopes ◽  
Paul Lochhead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Microscopic Colitis ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background No dietary factors have yet been shown to conclusively impact the incidence of microscopic colitis (MC). Here, we sought to examine the relationship between alcohol intake and the risk of MC. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of 209,902 participants (age range, 28.5–66.7 years) enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII). Validated data on alcohol consumption were collected at baseline in 1986 in the NHS and 1991 in the NHSII and updated every 4 years. Diagnoses of MC were confirmed via review of histopathology data. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Through 2016 in the NHS and 2017 in the NHSII, we confirmed 352 incident cases of MC over 4,994,324 person-years. Higher alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of MC (Ptrend < .001). Compared to non-users, the aHRs of MC were 1.20 (95% CI, 0.86–1.67) for consumers of 0.1–4.9 g/day of alcohol, 1.90 (95% CI, 1.34–2.71) for consumers of 5–14.9 g/day, and 2.31 (95% CI, 1.54–3.46) for consumers of ≥15 g/day. The associations were consistent across the histologic subtypes of collagenous and lymphocytic colitis (Pheterogeneity = .523). When stratified by alcohol type, the risk according to every 2 servings/week appeared to be strongest with consumption of wine (aHR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04–1.12) as compared to beer (aHR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91–1.12) or liquor (aHR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.92–1.09). Conclusions Alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of MC. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism underlying these associations, as well as the impact of reducing alcohol intake in patients with MC.

scholarly journals Patients with multiple sclerosis do not necessarily consume more alcohol or tobacco than the general population

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yara Dadalti Fragoso ◽  
Sidney Gomes ◽  
Marcus Vinicius M. Goncalves ◽  
Suzana C. Nunes Machado ◽  
Rogerio de Rizo Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
General Population ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
Transversal Study

Purpose Recent papers suggest that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are prone to alcohol misuse. This may be due to the combination of a lifelong and disabling disease with a psychiatric profile typical of MS. The objective of the present study was to assess these findings in a culturally different population of patients with MS.Method The present case-control transversal study assessed 168 patients with MS and 168 control subjects from Brazil.Results There were no evidence that patients with MS drank more alcohol or, smoked more than did controls. In fact, control subjects had a significantly higher alcohol consumption. The only trait associated to higher alcohol consumption was anxiety, both for patients and controls.Conclusion Unlike previous reports in the literature, patients with MS in our study did not drink or smoked more than a control population.

Nalmefene against alcohol use disorder: A report of one case

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s866-s866
Author(s):  
M. Juncal Ruiz ◽  
O. Porta Olivares ◽  
L. Sánchez Blanco ◽  
R. Landera Rodríguez ◽  
M. Gómez Revuelta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

IntroductionAlcohol consumption represents a significant factor for mortality in the world: 6.3% in men and 1.1% in women. Alcohol use disorder is also very common: 5.4% in men and 1.5% in women. Despite its high frequency and the seriousness of this disorder, only 8% of all alcohol-dependents are ever treated. One potentially interesting treatment option is oriented toward reducing alcohol intake.AimsTo describe one case who has improved his alcohol consumption after starting treatment with nalmefene, an opioid receptor antagonist related to naltrexone.MethodsA 35-year-old male with alcohol use disorder since 2001 came to our consult in November 2015. He was in trouble with his family and he had a liver failure. We offer a new treatment option with nalmefene 18 mg to reduce alcohol consumption.ResultsBefore to start nalmefene he drank 21 drinks/week. Six-month later, he decreased alcohol intake until 5 drinks/week with better family relationship and liver function. After starting nalmefene he complained of nausea, so we recommend to take the middle of the pill for next 7 days. After this time he returned to take one pill with good tolerance and no more side effects or withdrawal syndrome.ConclusionsNalmefene appears to be effective and safe in reducing heavy drinking and in preventing alcohol withdrawal syndrome due to its opioid receptor antagonism. This case suggests nalmefene is a potential option to help patients, who do not want or cannot get the abstinence, in reducing their alcohol consumption.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A narrative review of chronic alcohol-induced atrial fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rea Mittal ◽  
Lilly Su ◽  
Devyani Ramgobin ◽  
Ashwani Garg ◽  
Rahul Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly prevalent and can lead to many cardiovascular complications, including arrhythmias. Chronic alcohol use has a dose-dependent relationship with incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), where higher alcohol intake (>3 drinks a day) is associated with higher risk of AF. Meanwhile, low levels of chronic alcohol intake (<1 drink a day) is not associated with increased risk of AF. Mechanistically, chronic alcohol intake alters the structural, functional and electrical integrity of the atria, predisposing to AF. Increased screening can help identify AUD patients early on and provide the opportunity to educate on chronic alcohol use related risks, such as AF. The ideal treatment to reduce risk of incident or recurrent AF in AUD populations is abstinence.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption by Older New York City Residents: The Need for New Policies to Address Misuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-454
Author(s):  
Daniel Weisz ◽  
Michael Kelley Gusmano
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
York City ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
New Public Health

Abstract Aims The aim of this study is to assess risk factors for alcohol misuse among older New York City residents and examine the effect of local public health efforts to address alcohol misuse. Methods The Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional telephone survey of 8500 randomly selected adult New Yorkers, records the frequency of alcohol use. We examine these results among 65 and older subjects by sociodemographic status using logistic regression modeling and compare trends in smoking and alcohol consumption between 2002 and 2016. Results Those with unhealthy drinking habits, combining binge drinking and excessive consumption, constituted 5.7% of 65 plus population and were more likely to be White, US born, healthy, better educated and wealthier. The percentage of older smokers in New York City has decreased while unhealthy drinking is nearly flat since 2002. Conclusions Our findings reinforce the importance of screening geriatric populations for alcohol use disorders and support the development of new public health efforts to address alcohol misuse if the city is to achieve results similar to those obtained in decreasing tobacco consumption.

The impact of alcohol use disorders and alcohol consumption on treatment-seeking individuals with social anxiety disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-122
Author(s):  
Mirjana Subotic-Kerry ◽  
Andrew J. Baillie ◽  
Lexine A. Stapinski ◽  
Maree J. Abbott ◽  
Jo MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
The Impact

Comorbid social anxiety and alcohol use disorders (SAD-AUD) in the community and the complex interactions that occur between these disorders have emerged as a significant clinical, public health, and research issue. The authors examined (a) the rates of comorbid SAD-AUD, (b) the impact of comorbid SAD-AUD on outcomes targeting social anxiety disorder, and (c) the effect of pretreatment alcohol consumption and alcohol use before, during, and after social situations on a composite measure of social anxiety in 172 adults presenting with social anxiety disorder. There was low incidence of AUD in this sample of individuals with SAD. Results indicated that alcohol consumption did not lead to worse social anxiety symptoms; however, alcohol use before and during social situations was associated with more severe social anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest that the function of alcohol use may be more important than the overall level of alcohol use and has implications for treatment.

The Impact of Varenicline on Alcohol Consumption in Subjects With Alcohol Use Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriti D. Gandhi ◽  
Meghna P. Mansukhani ◽  
Victor M. Karpyak ◽  
Terry D. Schneekloth ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
The Impact
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