scholarly journals Immobilization of Lead Migrating from Contaminated Soil in Rhizosphere Soil of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Using Hydroxyapatite

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Katoh ◽  
Elsya Risky ◽  
Takeshi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Vicia Villosa

scholarly journals Supplemental Effects of Biochar and Foliar Application of Ascorbic Acid on Physio-Biochemical Attributes of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Cadmium-Contaminated Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9128
Author(s):  
Samia Yaseen ◽  
Syeda Fasiha Amjad ◽  
Nida Mansoora ◽  
Shameem Kausar ◽  
Huma Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Cd Contamination ◽  
Root And Shoot Length

Biochar, prepared from organic waste materials, can improve the quality of contaminated soil areas. Biochar can be used as an economic centerpiece over other available resources and can properly utilize large amounts of waste. Soil contaminated with cadmium (Cd) is a worldwide problem that poses potential agricultural and human health hazards. Moreover, Cd toxicity causes serious problems for sustainable food production, especially in food crops like barley. High cadmium concentration in soil is phytotoxic and decreases plant growth and ultimately yields. Biochar and ascorbic acid in ameliorating Cd stress are economically compatible and consistent approaches in agriculture. The present study aimed to evaluate biochar’s and foliar-applied ascorbic acid’s influence on some growth and biochemical characteristics of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to Cd stress. The soil was supplemented with biochar 2% w/w and 20 mg Cd kg−1. The foliar application of 30 mM ascorbic acid was done on plants. The results revealed that Cd stress decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids. It also increased oxidative stress indicators, i.e., APX, COD, POD, flavonoids, anthocyanin, phenolics, and electrolyte leakage, in barley with Cd-contamination. A significant enhancement in root and shoot length, gas exchange attributes, and chlorophyll contents validated the effectiveness of Bio + Asa treatments over all other treatments under Cd contamination. In conclusion, the sole applications of biochar and Asa in Cd contamination are also effective, but Bio + Asa is a better amendment for Cd stress alleviation in barley plants.

Ameliorative Effects of Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizosphere Soil Microbes on Cadmium Biosorption of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Cd-Polluted Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Taghavi Ghasemkheili ◽  
Flemming Ekelund ◽  
Jesper Liengaard Johansen ◽  
Hemmatollah Pirdashti ◽  
Seyede Roghie Ghadirnezhad Shiade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

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