scholarly journals Water Budget Analysis Considering Surface Water–Groundwater Interactions in the Exploitation of Seasonally Varying Agricultural Groundwater

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sun Woo Chang ◽  
Il-Moon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Budget Analysis

In South Korea, groundwater intended for use in greenhouse cultivation is collected from shallow riverside aquifers as part of agricultural activities during the winter season. This study quantified the effects of intensive groundwater intake on aquifers during the winter and examined the roles of nearby rivers in this process. Observation data were collected for approximately two years from six wells and two river-level observation points on the study site. Furthermore, the river water levels before and after the weir structures were examined in detail, because they are determined by artificial structures in the river. The structures have significant impacts on the inflow and outflow from the river to the groundwater reservoirs. As a result, a decline in groundwater levels owing to groundwater depletion was observed during the water curtain cultivation (WCC) period in the winter season. In addition, we found that the groundwater level increased owing to groundwater recharge due to rainfall and induced recharge by rivers during the spring–summer period after the end of the WCC period. MODFLOW, a three-dimensional difference model, was used to simulate the groundwater level decreases and increases around the WCC area in Cheongwon-gun. Time-variable recharge data provided by the soil and water assessment tool model, SWAT for watershed hydrology, was used to determine the amount of groundwater recharge that was input to the groundwater model. The groundwater level time series observations collected from observation wells during the two-year simulation period (2012 to 2014) were compared with the simulation values. In addition, to determine the groundwater depletion of the entire demonstration area and the sustainability of the WCC, the quantitative water budget was analyzed using integrated hydrologic analysis. The result indicated that a 2.5 cm groundwater decline occurred on average every year at the study site. Furthermore, an analysis method that reflects the stratification and boundary conditions of underground aquifers, hydrogeologic properties, hydrological factors, and artificial recharge scenarios was established and simulated with injection amounts of 20%, 40%, and 60%. This study suggested a proper artificial recharge method of injecting water by wells using riverside groundwater in the study area.

scholarly journals The Influence of Clay Content on Cave-ins in Tank Model Tests and Monitoring Indicators of Sinkhole Formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sueng-Won Jeong ◽  
Byoung-Woo Yum ◽  
Dong-Woo Ryu ◽  
Hong-Jin Lee ◽  
Byeongju Jung
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Tank Model ◽  
Upward Migration

Urban cave-ins may result from a sudden change in local hydrological, hydrogeological and anthropogenic conditions. Monitoring and predicting urban sinkholes is not straightforward, and solving the problem of urban cave-ins involves the incorporation of the fields of geodetics, geophysics and geochemistry. This paper examines the causes and consequences of sinkholes in sand-rich materials by using a small tank model apparatus. Tank model tests were conducted to simulate sinkhole formation, to gain a better understanding of the influencing factors of cavity formation, expansion and upward migration with different cavity water levels. Two commercial materials were used: Jumunjin sand and kaolinite clay. Materials with different grain-size distributions, i.e., sand (100% Jumunjin sand) and sand-clay mixtures (95% sand and 5% kaolinite clay), were considered to examine the roles of clay content in sinkhole risk. The test results show that the sand-rich materials exhibited a typical punching type of sinkhole subsidence and failure, and were very sensitive to changes in groundwater level, regardless of the grain-size distribution. The higher the groundwater level is, the higher the sinkhole risk is in terms of the speed of migration of the underground cavity fluids, cavity size and ground loosening. Therefore, sinkholes in urban areas covered with sand-rich materials are vulnerable to groundwater withdrawal. However, compared with pure sand, materials with small clay contents can reduce the time until collapse and the size of a sinkhole. Variations in pore water pressure may be used as a sinkhole indicator in areas where the ground deformation caused by groundwater depletion is considerable.

scholarly journals Targeting groundwater potential zones using Electrical resistivity and GIS techniques in Kadavanar Sub-basin, South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-73
Author(s):  
Karunanidhi D ◽  
Suresh M ◽  
Subramani T ◽  
Anand B
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Information System ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
South India ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis

Geographical Information System techniques are widely used to determine suitable sites for groundwater recharge through artificial recharge techniques. The present research work is to identify suitable locations for constructing artificial recharge structures in the Kadavanar Sub-basin, South India. People in the Sub-basin mainly depend on the groundwater resources for drinking and irrigation purposes. Groundwater resources are often overexploited in many parts of this Sub-basin to meet the water demand leading to groundwater consumption. A lot of surfaces and sub-surface information and criteria are required for mapping the groundwater recharge zone. This is where the geographic information system [GIS] provides the right impetus besides the groundwater prospective zone to harness multilayered spatial data so that multi-criteria analysis is possible. This analysis integrates historic rainfall data analysis, groundwater level fluctuation, stream network, aquifer thickness, land use/land cover and basin slope. Drainage map, slope map and land use/land cover maps were prepared from satellite imageries. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) geophysical survey with Schlumberger electrode configuration was also conducted in the basin at 50 locations to map the aquifer thickness. Spatial variation maps for groundwater level and aquifer thickness were generated using GIS. Weighted aggregation method was used in this study to obtain groundwater recharge maps. Finally, multi-criteria analysis has been carried out to identify and assess the potential sites for groundwater recharge according to the associated weightages. It is established that GIS is best suited for the mapping of groundwater recharge zones. A similar study can be extended to any other hard-rock region facing water crises.

scholarly journals Imbuhan Airtanah Buatan untuk Konservasi Cekungan Airtanah Bandung-Soreang

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Ananta Purwoarminta ◽  
Rachmat Fajar Lubis ◽  
Rizka Maria
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
City Development ◽  
Industry Growth

Airtanah saat ini telah menjadi isu di dunia dan Indonesia akibat terjadinya degradasi airtanah. Tingginya pertumbuhan penduduk dan industri di wilayah kota telah meningkatkan eksploitasi airtanah, sementara laju pengisian airtanah (infiltrasi) terus menurun. Penurunan laju infiltrasi diakibatkan oleh adanya perubahan tutupan lahan. Berdasarkan permasalahan ini maka konservasi airtanah harus dilakukan untuk menjaga ketahanan air. Cekungan Bandung-Soreang sebagai wilayah perkotaan telah mengalami penurunan muka airtanah sebagai akibat adanya pengambilan airtanah yang berlebih. Tulisan ini adalah telaah dari berbagai metode teknis yang telah diterapkan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut di atas khususnya metode imbuhan buatan untuk konservasi airtanah di Cekungan Bandung. Berbagai teknik telah diterapkan baik oleh masyarakat, industri maupun pemerintah dengan sumber utama adalah air hujan. Namun penurunan muka airtanah masih terus terjadi meskipun upaya-upaya tersebut telah dilakukan. Hasil penelitian terakhir menunjukkan bahwa metode imbuhan buatan hanya mampu mengurangi penurunan muka airtanah. Jika hasil yang diharapkan adalah kembalinya muka airtanah ke kondisi awal maka diperlukan pengembangan metode dan atau penambahan jumlah imbuhan buatan yang sangat banyak. Groundwater becomes an issue globally due to groundwater degradation. The high population and industry growth in the cities had increased the exploitation of groundwater. On the other hand, the rate of infiltration is lower due to city development. Therefore, groundwater conservation is required to maintain water resistance. The Bandung-Soreang Basin, as an urban area, has experienced a decline in groundwater as a result of excessive groundwater extraction. This paper presented a review of various technical methods that have been applied to overcome the problem. Artificial recharge method for groundwater conservation in the Bandung-Soreang Basin has been used by the community, industry, and government, with rainwater as the main source. The most recent condition indicated that the groundwater level has been still decreasing despite these efforts. The results of the latest research suggested that artificial recharge has only  reduced the groundwater depletion. To restore the groundwater to its initial condition, we need to develop a new method or simply add a lot more artificial recharges.

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN PRESSURE ON GROUNDWATER BUDGET IN THE AREA OF THE ŻURAWINIEC PEAT BOG NATURE RESERVE IN POZNAŃ

2018 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Piotr HERMANOWSKI ◽  
Dagmara POPIEL ◽  
Wojciech KUKULSKI
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Hydrogeological Model ◽  
Groundwater Budget

Growth of a city, which is linked with intensive urban development, systematically affects groundwater recharge by diminishing its rate. Thus, the phenomenon influences groundwater resources in a hydrogeological unit and, in turn, it causes negative environmental consequences which are difficult or even impossible to reverse. This study analyses the effect of urban development on water budget and its impact on the water-dependent ecosystem. In 1959, a peat bog nature reserve – the Żurawiniec Nature Reserve – was established in the north of Poznań, covering an area of ca. 1.5 ha. During many years the area was losing its original character, which resulted in desiccation and complete deterioration of peatland plants. The analysis of water budget reduction was done through the integration of a spatially distributed water balance model and a numerical hydrogeological model. The simulations were based on data collected for the years 1952, 2001 and 2014. The results of simulations emphasize the significant human impact on groundwater budget leading to a continuous groundwater level dropdown, resulting in over 2 m lower groundwater level in year 2001 in relation to year 1952. The main reason for negative repercussion was a constant decrease of groundwater recharge due to urbanization.

scholarly journals Development of groundwater levels as a consequense of climate change

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
M. Pásztorová ◽  
J. Skalová ◽  
J. Vitková ◽  
M. Juráková
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Run Off ◽  
The Impact

Development of groundwater levels as a consequense of climate changeClimate change poses a significant threat to many wetland ecosystems. Wetlands exist in a transition zone between aquatic and terrestrial environments and can be affected by slight alterations in regional hydrology, which can influence climate change through air temperature changes, regional changes in a rainfall regime, surface run-off, snow, duration of the winter season, groundwater resources and evapotranspiration.Climate change in wetland areas is most significantly reflected in water levels and adjacent groundwater levels, and it can significantly change the hydroecological proportions of wetland ecosystems and endanger rare wetland fauna and flora communities. The focus of this paper is the impact of climate change on the groundwater level in the Záhorie Protected Landscape area in the Zelienka national nature reservation. The impact of the climate change was solved through the meteorological characteristic changes adapted by the GISS98 and CCCM2000 climatic scenarios. The groundwater level was determined by the HYDRUS-ET model for the time frames 2010, 2030 and 2075 in 20-year time intervals and consequently compared to the reference period of 1971-1990.

Water Budget Analysis by Using Thornwaite’s TMI Index: A Case Study of India

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 267-269
Author(s):  
P. T. Patil P. T. Patil ◽  
◽  
M. M. Jamadar M. M. Jamadar ◽  
N. A. Jamadar N. A. Jamadar
Keyword(s):  
Water Budget ◽  
Budget Analysis
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