scholarly journals Mapping Cultural Heritage in Coastal Areas with UAS: The Case Study of Lesvos Island

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1404-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Papakonstantinou ◽  
Dimitris Kavroudakis ◽  
Yannis Kourtzellis ◽  
Michail Chtenellis ◽  
Vasilis Kopsachilis ◽  
...  

Dynamic processes in coastal zones and human activities in the coastal environment produce pressure on cultural heritage, especially in touristic places. Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are used as an additional tool for monitoring cultural heritage sites in sensitive coastal areas. UASs provide low-cost accurate spatial data and high-resolution imagery products in various spatial and temporal scales. The use of UAS for mapping cultural heritage sites in the coastal zone is of increasing interest among scientists and archaeologists in terms of monitoring, documentation, mapping, and restoration. This study outlines the integration of UAS data acquisition and structure from motion (SfM) pipeline for the visualization of selected cultural heritage areas (ancient harbors) in the coastal zone. The UAS-SfM methodology produces very detailed orthophoto maps for mapping and detecting cultural heritage sites. Additionally, a metadata cataloging system has been developed in order to facilitate online searching operations for all products of the data acquisition, SfM pipeline, and cartographic processes. For this reason, a specific metadata profile was implemented, based on the European INSPIRE framework. As a result, datasets reusability and catalogs interoperability are promoted.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Stöcker ◽  
Serene Ho ◽  
Placide Nkerabigwi ◽  
Cornelia Schmidt ◽  
Mila Koeva ◽  
...  

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are emerging as a tool for alternative land tenure data acquisition. Even though UAS appear to represent a promising technology, it remains unclear to what extent they match the needs of communities and governments in the land sector. This paper responds to this question by undertaking a socio-technical study in Rwanda, aiming to determine the match between stakeholders’ needs and the characteristics of the UAS data acquisition workflow and its final products as valuable spatial data for land administration and spatial planning. A needs assessment enabled the expression of a range of land information needs across multiple levels and stakeholder sectors. Next to the social study, three different UAS were flown to test not only the quality of data but the possibilities of the use of this technology within the current institutional environment. A priority list of needs for cadastral and non-cadastral information as well as insights into operational challenges and data quality measures of UAS-based data products are presented. It can be concluded that UAS can have a significant contribution to match most of the prioritized needs in Rwanda. However, the results also reveal that structural and capacity conditions currently undermine this potential.


Author(s):  
Giuseppe Tagarelli ◽  
Nicola Cantasano ◽  
Tommaso Caloiero ◽  
Gaetano Pellicone

This study shows the link connecting natural and cultural goods in the coastal landscape of Calabria (Southern Italy), considering seaboard and human impact risk conditions. In fact, Calabria has 58 Natura 2000 sites located on seaboard areas within a length of 300 meters from coast and 63 cultural heritage sites of which 42.9% coincides with the Natura 2000 network. As a results of this paper, the increasing coastal erosion and a heavy human impact have been highlighted as the main hazards to which the natural and cultural goods are exposed, thus it’s necessary a broader approach for the integration of natural and cultural issues into an active Integrated Coastal Zone Management process


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-830
Author(s):  
Volodymyr P. Vorovka ◽  
Yurii V. Yatsentyuk

The coastal zones are characterized with the considerable variety and the specificity of the landscapes. Their properties and the structure are determined with the interaction of the water area and the dry land. Here the natural and the anthropogenic components of the landscapes come into the close interaction with each other with the useful (microclimate, energy potential of breeze) and the inauspicious (storms, costal abrasion, high corrosive activity) consequent for thelandscape structures and the maritime nature use. The determination of such interaction and their consequences are the aim of this article. The method of the analysis and the synthesis of the empirical data is determined. This is due to the considerable dispersion of the geophysical and the geochemical data by the branches and the spheres of the research. So, the collection of the diversified data, their processing and the interpretation have become the important component of the method. The method of the conjugate analysis of the components has given the possibility to catch out the dependence between the processes and the appropriateness in the “processresult” chain. It is studied out that the unity of the dry land and the marine components of the coastal zones is insufficiently studied. It is explained with the complicated character of the interaction between the coastal landscapes and the considerable versatility of theinteraction between the coastal dry lands and the water area of the seas. The fragmentary character and the dispersion of the primary information on the dynamics of the coastal landscapes complicate the process of the research of such interaction. It should be noted, that the integration between the theories of the research of the dry land and the sea is still weak. The main complexity is that for now the structure of the process monitoring in the dry land and in the sea is different and it does not promote the integration of these researches. It is installed that the different in the structure and the functioning of the landscape has been formulated in the coastal zone of the seas. It is caused with the combination of the natural factors (microclimate, coastal abrasion and accumulation, infiltration of the marine waters, salt metabolism) with the maritime activity of the human (fishing, recreation, sea transport, tourism). It has been proved that all kinds of the dynamics between the contrasting environments, including the coastal areas, we can attribute to the para-dynamics. The processes of the interaction of the dry lands and the water areas within the coastal zones are determined with their geomorphological, microclimatic and migratory components. They can be happened through the migration of the ions, the salts and their solutions, the display of the breeze circulation, humidity of the air, the migration of the living organisms and others. The variety of the interaction is heightened with the high dynamism of the coastal processes. It is caused the high variability and the dynamic lithomas, which are connected with the surfing and the increase or the decrease of the water activities of the sea water. The surfing of the sorting of the bottom sedimentary and the formation of the zones of the variegated sedimentary in the different distance of the coastal are happened. The move of the coastalmarine drifts along isobathes of the coastline slope is found, which on the dry land physically cannot be in progress. More intensive comparatively with dry land migration of the soil solution is installed, which slows the formation of the soil coverage of the coastal zone. It is installed, that in the basic of the paradigm lies the material, the energetic and the informational exchange between the dry land and the sea. The number of the multidirectional material-energetic flows and the transpositions is disclosed in the coastal zone such as longitudinal and diametrical. The availability of the hydrogenous, the wind-circulation, and hemogeneous interactions were analyzed and reinforced with the examples. The result of such interaction is the diversified formation such as from the features of the relief to the increase of the concentrates and the complexes of the living organisms. The features of the energy paradigms in the coastal areas of the sea are revealed. The large number of the energy flows is directed from the dry land near the sea.


Author(s):  
Filippo Bosi ◽  
Maria Antonietta Esposito

The paper illustrates the LaCoast Project (LAnd cover changes in COASTal zones), a harmonised and consistent geo-referenced database that constitute a base tool for integrated spatial analysis of policies. It is meant to support sustainable management of the coastal areas trough the collection of information about their state and the impact of anthropic activities on them. The aim of the project ad its tools is assisting the development of tailored European policies for coastal zone management to be used both at regional and national level


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Doukari ◽  
Marios Batsaris ◽  
Apostolos Papakonstantinou ◽  
Konstantinos Topouzelis

Aerial surveys in coastal areas using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) present many limitations. However, the need for detailed and accurate information in a marine environment has made UAVs very popular. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol which summarizes the parameters that affect the reliability of the data acquisition process over the marine environment using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). The proposed UAS Data Acquisition Protocol consists of three main categories: (i) Morphology of the study area, (ii) Environmental conditions, (iii) Flight parameters. These categories include the parameters prevailing in the study area during a UAV mission and affect the quality of marine data. Furthermore, a UAS toolbox, which combines forecast weather data values with predefined thresholds and calculates the optimal flight window times in a day, was developed. The UAS toolbox was tested in two case studies with data acquisition over a coastal study area. The first UAS survey was operated under optimal conditions while the second was realized under non-optimal conditions. The acquired images and the produced orthophoto maps from both surveys present significant differences in quality. Moreover, a comparison between the classified maps of the case studies showed the underestimation of some habitats in the area at the non-optimal survey day. The UAS toolbox is expected to contribute to proper flight planning in marine applications. The UAS protocol can provide valuable information for mapping, monitoring, and management of the coastal and marine environment, which can be used globally in research and a variety of marine applications.


Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionut Nicu ◽  
Bulat Usmanov ◽  
Iskander Gainullin ◽  
Madina Galimova

Over the last decades, the number of artificial reservoirs around the world has considerably increased. This leads to the formation of new shorelines, which are highly dynamic regarding erosion and deposition processes. The present work aims to assess the direct human action along the largest reservoir in Europe—Kuibyshev (Russian Federation) and to analyse threatened cultural heritage sites from the coastal area, with the help of historical maps, UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle), and topographic surveys. This approach is a necessity, due to the oscillating water level, local change of climate, and to the continuous increasing of natural hazards (in this case coastal erosion) all over the world. Many studies are approaching coastal areas of the seas and oceans, yet there are fewer studies regarding the inland coastal areas of large artificial reservoirs. Out of the total number of 1289 cultural heritage sites around the Kuibyshev reservoir, only 90 sites are not affected by the dam building; the rest had completely disappeared under the reservoir’s water. The scenario of increasing and decreasing water level within the reservoir has shown the fact that there must be water oscillations greater than ±1 m in order to affect the cultural heritage sites. The results show that the coastal area is highly dynamic and that the complete destruction of the last remaining Palaeolithic site (Beganchik) from the shoreline of Kuibyshev reservoir is imminent, and immediate mitigation measures must be undertaken.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani Bu-Qammaz ◽  
◽  
Sarah AlHamed ◽  
Farah AlNasser ◽  
Mohamad Alkhalidi ◽  
...  

A coastal environment is intrinsically multifaceted and active, making its management challenging. Development and natural processes could affect a coastal environment, and so reliable efforts need to be implemented to preserve this environment and ensure coastal integrity. Inadequate control of stakeholders’ activities worldwide and developmental projects are degrading coastal areas. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is a holistic management approach used to sustainably plan human activity within coastal zones. ICZM is being implemented in several countries to maintain a balance between social-economic development and environmental preservation. This research aims to develop a knowledge-based system that facilitates the implementation of an ICZM framework in Kuwait. The proposed system is an “Integrated Coastal Zone Management: Knowledge-Based System” (ICZM-KBS), which is a tool created using C# programing language. The tool supports the application of ICZM strategies to safeguard coastal areas. The system is designed to provide comprehensive means to raise awareness about the misuse of coastal zones, provide, identify, and collate critical environmental data, assess risks to be faced, and anticipate the development capacity of the coastal zone. An ICZM-KBS allows stakeholders involved in coastal zones to manage and mitigate risks associated with development projects to achieve sustainable development. The system was tested using a case study provided by Kuwait Environment Public Authority (EPA) experts, and it was found to be reliable and important to facilitate the ICZM implementation in Kuwait. Overall, this research focused on developing an ICZM-KBS, encouraging more sustainable marine space use safeguarding the coastal environment.


Author(s):  
S. Tapinaki ◽  
M. Skamantzari ◽  
A. Anastasiou ◽  
S. Koutros ◽  
E. Syrokou ◽  
...  

Abstract. This paper focuses on the holistic 3D geometric documentation of four Cultural Heritage buildings, of different historic eras, on the island of Rhodes. The main scope was to produce the 3D models and all required products according to the needs and specifications set by the EU funded HYPERION project. The ideal combination of multi-source data acquisition and processing was employed, which is the modern perception for the methodology of geometric documentation of monuments. The workflow for the combination of geodetic, photogrammetric and laser scanning data acquisition methods is described in detail. Very decisive factor in carrying out fieldwork for data acquisition was the time frame, which was very limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The establishing of a holistic framework for the documentation of Cultural Heritage by carrying out a wide range of multidisciplinary research, acquiring and combining datasets from various sensors and sources, as well as by developing innovative tools for systematic monitoring gives substantial results in order to protect, preserve and enhance Cultural Heritage sites. The documentation results are presented and discussed for their usefulness for the project.


Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.


2019 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Ksenia I. Nechaeva

The current state of the Moscow Metro station of the first priority that became operational in 1935 does not allow it to be called a cultural heritage site. This is due to the fact that lighting modernisation carried out by the Moscow Metro was based on fluorescent lamps. Such lamps are more energy efficient compared to incandescent lamps, which were used in original lighting devices specified in the Station Lighting Project developed by architects and designers. However, they significantly changed the station appearance, transforming the originally designed station with entire well visible architectural tectonics?1 from the standpoint of lighting into a simple, flat, unremarkable, and little loaded station of the Moscow Metro./br> This paper describes a method of lighting reconstruction at Krasnoselskaya station by means of original lighting devices that meet modern standards and requirements for cultural heritage sites. The historical analysis on the development of the station lighting environment was conducted during its operation in order to understand what kind of station was conceived by its architects, what changes occurred with its lighting over time, and how it influenced the station appearance and safety of passenger transportation.


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