scholarly journals The Archaeological Excavation Report of Rigny: An Example of an Interoperable Logicist Publication

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 761-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Marlet ◽  
Elisabeth Zadora-Rio ◽  
Pierre-Yves Buard ◽  
Béatrice Markhoff ◽  
Xavier Rodier
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Open Data ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Graphical Interface ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Data Inference ◽  
Different Levels

The logicist program, which was initiated in the 1970s by J.C. Gardin, aims to clarify the reasoning processes in the field of archaeology and to explore new forms of publication, in order to overcome the growing imbalance between the flood of publications and our capacities of assimilation. The logicist program brings out the cognitive structure of archaeological constructs, which establishes a bridge between empirical facts or descriptive propositions, at one end of the argumentation, and interpretative propositions at the other. This alternative form of publication is designed to highlight the chain of inference and the evidence on which it stands. In the case of the logicist publication of the archaeological excavation in Rigny (Indre-et-Loire, France), our workflow can provide different levels of access to the content, allowing both speed-reading and in-depth consultation. Both the chains of inference and the ArSol database containing the field records that provide evidence for the initial propositions are visualized in a diagram structure. We rely on the International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) entities for ensuring the semantic interoperability of such publications within the Linked Open Data. Inference chains are mapped to CRMinf and ArSol records are mapped to CRM, CRMSci and CRMArcheo. Moreover, as part of the work carried out by the French Huma-Num MASA Consortium, a project is underway to allow the building of logicist publications starting from a graphical interface for describing the structure and content of propositions.

scholarly journals Semantic Bridging of Cultural Heritage Disciplines and Tasks

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 611-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthymia Moraitou ◽  
John Aliprantis ◽  
Yannis Christodoulou ◽  
Alexandros Teneketzis ◽  
George Caridakis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Metadata Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Core Ontology ◽  
Cidoc Crm

The Cultural Heritage (CH) domain encompasses a wide range of different disciplines, serving the study, interpretation, curation, and preservation of objects, collections, archives, sites, and the dissemination of related knowledge. In this context, stakeholders generate, retrieve, and share a vast amount of diverse information. Therefore, information interoperability has been considered a crucial task, especially in terms of semantics. In this way, the CIDOC CRM (International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model) has been widely used as an underlying model that offers interoperability between CH domain metadata standards and ontologies. To the best of our knowledge, an overall review of mapping, merging, and extending this core ontology, as well as an aggregate table which classifies and correlates those ontologies and standards, has not yet been presented. Our study conducts an aggregate review of relevant published efforts and outlines the various associations between them, encapsulating the CIDOC CRM and its specialized models, as well. This work aims to further clarify the field and scope of the different works, identify their methods, and highlight the semantic overlap, or differences, between them.

scholarly journals ONTOLOGY-BASED HBIM FOR HISTORIC BUILDINGS WITH TRADITIONAL WOODWORK IN TAIWAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Ying-Mei Cheng ◽  
Chiao-Ling Kuo ◽  
Chia-Ching Mou
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Research Opportunity ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Interactive Experience

In recent years, the use of Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) has grown prevalent and thus provided a research opportunity. Differing from newly constructed buildings, structural components of historic buildings come with unique physical configurations and have amassed impressive amount of restoration data, all of which must be taken into consideration when incorporating Building Information Modeling. In terms of modelling, it is critical to determine the appropriate level of detail (LoD), level of information (LoI), especially the comprehensiveness and expandability of the database. International Committee for Documentation/Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) is a widely accepted standard for ontology model. This study aims to integrate the HBIM and CIDOC CRM to construct a framework and comprehensive operational procedure for the modeling of traditional Minan architecture and a database with complete semantics archiving the background and restoration data. Autodesk A360 is ideal for collaborative. However, there are limitations when it comes to developing advanced models for data management or query; interactive experience; meeting model applications derived from future scenarios. Therefore, the study also offers a 3D modeling platform constructed using Unity, as well as a comparison of the platforms built with Unity, three.js and Autodesk A360 as a reference for users.

scholarly journals LODsyndesis: Global Scale Knowledge Services

Heritage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis Mountantonakis ◽  
Yannis Tzitzikas
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Data Cleaning ◽  
Open Data ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Museum Data ◽  
Cultural Domain ◽  
Cidoc Crm

In this paper, we present LODsyndesis, a suite of services over the datasets of the entire Linked Open Data Cloud, which offers fast, content-based dataset discovery and object co-reference. Emphasis is given on supporting scalable cross-dataset reasoning for finding all information about any entity and its provenance. Other tasks that can be benefited from these services are those related to the quality and veracity of data since the collection of all information about an entity, and the cross-dataset inference that is feasible, allows spotting the contradictions that exist, and also provides information for data cleaning or for estimating and suggesting which data are probably correct or more accurate. In addition, we will show how these services can assist the enrichment of existing datasets with more features for obtaining better predictions in machine learning tasks. Finally, we report measurements that reveal the sparsity of the current datasets, as regards their connectivity, which in turn justifies the need for advancing the current methods for data integration. Measurements focusing on the cultural domain are also included, specifically measurements over datasets using CIDOC CRM (Conceptual Reference Model), and connectivity measurements of British Museum data. The services of LODsyndesis are based on special indexes and algorithms and allow the indexing of 2 billion triples in around 80 min using a cluster of 96 computers.

scholarly journals Implementation of multiple interpretation data model concepts in CIDOC CRM and compatible models

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Van Ruymbeke ◽  
Pierre Hallot ◽  
Gilles-Antoine Nys ◽  
Roland Billen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Model Mapping ◽  
Proposal A ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Multiple Interpretation ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Structuring Knowledge

<p>Modelling cultural heritage is a research topic shared by a broad scientific community.  Although  this subject has been widely studied, it  seems that  some  aspects  still  have  to  be  tackled.  This paper describes two CIDOC (ICOM’s International Committee for Documentation) Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) extension proposals (A &amp; B) dedicated to structuring knowledge concerning historical objects and historical events.  It  focuses  on  multiple  interpretations and sequential reality, this last being a concept which does not exist in CIDOC CRM but was originally developed in another conceptual model, the Multiple Interpretation Data Model (MIDM). To begin, an extensive description of MIDM concepts is given as well as a recall of its main peculiarities. It is followed by a mapping proposed to translate MIDM concepts into ontologies  devoted to describing cultural  heritage  entities  and  activities,  the CIDOC CRM  and  compatible  models. Unfortunately,  some MIDM  concepts  are  not  covered  by this  mapping  because  they  do  not  match  with existing  CRM entities and properties, and this paper explains why an extension is necessary. It describes how the two versions of the extension proposal cover the missing MIDM concepts. One of these two versions, the proposal A, has been implemented as ontology in Protégé and has been tested through an instantiation phase using a real example. This instantiation phase is fully detailed. It shows that proposal A works coherently with CRM ontologies. On another hand, instantiation phase highlights improvements needs such as recording chronology in a structured way.</p><p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Cultural Heritage modelling involves two different ontological concepts: reality and information held about it.</p></li><li><p>Historical Objects existence is a sequence made by events, stability periods and changes affecting it.</p></li><li><p>Multiple Interpretation Data Model mapping to CIDOC CRM and its extension proposal take into account difference between reality and information. They also manage sequence concept.</p></li></ul>

scholarly journals Semantic Representation and Location Provenance of Cultural Heritage Information: the National Gallery Collection in London

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 648-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Padfield ◽  
Kalliopi Kontiza ◽  
Antonis Bikakis ◽  
Andreas Vlachidis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
National Gallery ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Compliant Structure ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Cidoc Crm

This paper describes a working example of semantically modelling cultural heritage information and data from the National Gallery collection in London. The paper discusses the process of semantically representing and enriching the available cultural heritage data, and reveals the challenges of semantically expressing interrelations and groupings among the physical items, the venue and the available digital resources. The paper also highlights the challenges in the creation of the conceptual model of the National Gallery as a Venue, which aims to i) describe and understand the correlation between the parts of a building and the whole; ii) to record and express the semantic relationships among the building components with the building as a whole; and iii) to be able to record the accurate location of objects within space and capture their provenance in terms of changes of location. The outcome of this research is the CrossCult venue ontology, a fully International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC-CRM) compliant structure developed in the context of the CrossCult project. The proposed ontology attempts to model the spatial arrangements of the different types of cultural heritage venues considered in the project: from small museums to open air archaeological sites and whole cities.

Development and Evaluation of Fuzzy Criteria for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-P. Adlassnig ◽  
G. Kolarz ◽  
H. Leitich
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
American Rheumatism Association ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Specificity Rate

Abstract:In 1987, the American Rheumatism Association issued a set of criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide a uniform definition of RA patients. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic were used to transform this set of criteria into a diagnostic tool that offers diagnoses at different levels of confidence: a definite level, which was consistent with the original criteria definition, as well as several possible and superdefinite levels. Two fuzzy models and a reference model which provided results at a definite level only were applied to 292 clinical cases from a hospital for rheumatic diseases. At the definite level, all models yielded a sensitivity rate of 72.6% and a specificity rate of 87.0%. Sensitivity and specificity rates at the possible levels ranged from 73.3% to 85.6% and from 83.6% to 87.0%. At the superdefinite levels, sensitivity rates ranged from 39.0% to 63.7% and specificity rates from 90.4% to 95.2%. Fuzzy techniques were helpful to add flexibility to preexisting diagnostic criteria in order to obtain diagnoses at the desired level of confidence.

Activities of the International Committee in Indochina from 1965 to 1972

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (142) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Different Levels

During the last seven years, the ICRC has been actively working for the victims of the conflict in Indochina at two different levels: protection and assistance. Already in 1965, it had for these purposes opened a permanent delegation in Saigon, and later in both Phnom-Penh and Vientiane.

Sustainability of Smart Cities

2022 ◽  
pp. 180-193
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Services ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Short Review ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Success Criteria ◽  
Smart Governance ◽  
Different Levels

The issue of sustainability of smart cities is approached in this chapter from two different angles: dimensions sector-specific and city governance. Following a short review of smart city sectors, emphasis is placed on the concept of smart governance of cities. The concept of smart governance is reviewed especially regarding cooperation with city governments of other cities within the region or country and empowering citizens. Different levels are presented with focus on four main conditions for smart governance, namely participation in decision-making, public and social services, transparent governance, and political strategies and perspectives. The chapter presents sustainability of smart governance through a paradigm of sustainability as an effectual model based on sustainability, wellbeing, productivity, and resilience. Finally, the chapter addresses the success criteria of sustainable smart cities regarding different aspects, such open data, agility to new technologies, cross-sectoral harmonization, and careful policy, strategy, and program alignment.

scholarly journals Teaching Open Science: Published Data and Digital Literacy in Archaeology Classrooms

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Cook ◽  
Canan Çakirlar ◽  
Timothy Goddard ◽  
Robert Carl DeMuth ◽  
Joshua Wells
Keyword(s):  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Data Reuse ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
And Training ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTDigital literacy has been cited as one of the primary challenges to ensuring data reuse and increasing the value placed on open science. Incorporating published data into classrooms and training is at the core of tackling this issue. This article presents case studies in teaching with different published data platforms, in three different countries (the Netherlands, Canada, and the United States), to students at different levels and with differing skill levels. In outlining their approaches, successes, and failures in teaching with open data, it is argued that collaboration with data publishers is critical to improving data reuse and education. Moreover, increased opportunities for digital skills training and scaffolding across program curriculum are necessary for managing the learning curve and teaching students the values of open science.

Changing Technology in Control Room Design: Is One Graphical Interface Worth 1000 Indicators?

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (21) ◽  
pp. 1435-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon D. Segal ◽  
Anthony D. Andre
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Graphical Interface ◽  
Control Room ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Room Design ◽  
Design Program ◽  
Actual Content ◽  
Different Levels

This paper presents a review of human factors (HF) efforts toward the introduction of a graphical user interface (GUI) designed for operators in the control room of the world's largest wind tunnel at NASA's Ames Research Center, located in Moffett Field, California. Design of GUIs for the control room of this facility involved application of HF principles at many different levels of the design program: the design process itself, the environmental context for design, and the actual content of the graphical interface. This paper presents the particular challenges associated with transforming a control room from analog to digital, as well as the specific advantages and drawbacks of using GUIs in the context of large, multi-operator, environments.

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