scholarly journals Several Lower Palaeolithic Sites along the Rhine Rift Valley, Dated from 1.3 to 0.6 Million Years

Humanities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Fiedler ◽  
Christian Humburg ◽  
Horst Klingelhöfer ◽  
Sebastian Stoll ◽  
Manfred Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Early Appearance ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Lithic Industry ◽  
Continental Part ◽  
Rhine Valley ◽  
Continuous Presence ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

The important discoveries of Lower Palaeolithic artefacts in stratigraphical context within Lower and early Middle Pleistocene deposits in the western continental part of Europe along the rift systeme of the Rhine Valley are pointing at the possible continuous presence of hominins since the Lower Pleistocene. This paper reports on lithic industry from its early appearance at around 1.3 million years (Ma) at the site of Münster-Sarmsheim to the latest pre-Elsterian period at around 0.6 Ma at Mauer, Mosbach, and Miesenheim.

scholarly journals Aquatic and terrestrial proxy evidence for Middle Pleistocene palaeolake and lake‐shore development at two Lower Palaeolithic sites of Schöningen, Germany

Boreas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim J. Krahn ◽  
Mario Tucci ◽  
Brigitte Urban ◽  
Julien Pilgrim ◽  
Peter Frenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Lake Shore ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

Pleistocene Terraces of the Alto Henares (Guadalajara), Spain

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Gladfelter
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Ebro Basin ◽  
Lower Paleolithic ◽  
Lower Pleistocene

A suite of four terraces in the upper Rio Henares drainage system (Rio Tajo basin) now provides a partial geomorphological link between the Middle Pleistocene, Lower Paleolithic archeological sites at Ambrona and Torralba (upper Ebro basin) and those in the vicinity of Madrid. The Campiña and Low Terrace features are shown by radiocarbon dating to be of Holocene and Würm ages, respectively, while the Middle and High Terraces are best designated as being Middle and Lower Pleistocene ages, respectively. Stratigraphic relationships between the upper and lower Rio Henares segments need to be established.

The Recent History and Pleistocene Deposits of the Plateau North of Lake Eyasi, Tanganyika

1941 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
East African ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lake Beds

ONE of the objectives of the East African Archaeological Expedition of 1934–5 was the examination of the plateau north of Lake Eyasi—the Vogel River area—where, it was hoped, a continuation of the richly fossiliferous Oldowaya Middle Pleistocene lake beds would be found. This hope was essentially realized ; deposits with an interesting Middle Pleistocene fauna a little earlier than that of Oldoway were found, with the difference that they were entirely terrestrial. The development of precisely datable beds resting upon a main Rift Valley Scarp made possible a study of physiographical changes associated with the faulting.

scholarly journals Elephant bones for the Middle Pleistocene toolmaker

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256090
Author(s):  
Paola Villa ◽  
Giovanni Boschian ◽  
Luca Pollarolo ◽  
Daniela Saccà ◽  
Fabrizio Marra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Lithic Industry ◽  
Taphonomic Analysis

The use of bone as raw material for implements is documented since the Early Pleistocene. Throughout the Early and Middle Pleistocene bone tool shaping was done by percussion flaking, the same technique used for knapping stone artifacts, although bone shaping was rare compared to stone tool flaking. Until recently the generally accepted idea was that early bone technology was essentially immediate and expedient, based on single-stage operations, using available bone fragments of large to medium size animals. Only Upper Paleolithic bone tools would involve several stages of manufacture with clear evidence of primary flaking or breaking of bone to produce the kind of fragments required for different kinds of tools. Our technological and taphonomic analysis of the bone assemblage of Castel di Guido, a Middle Pleistocene site in Italy, now dated by 40Ar/39Ar to about 400 ka, shows that this general idea is inexact. In spite of the fact that the number of bone bifaces at the site had been largely overestimated in previous publications, the number of verified, human-made bone tools is 98. This is the highest number of flaked bone tools made by pre-modern hominids published so far. Moreover the Castel di Guido bone assemblage is characterized by systematic production of standardized blanks (elephant diaphysis fragments) and clear diversity of tool types. Bone smoothers and intermediate pieces prove that some features of Aurignacian technology have roots that go beyond the late Mousterian, back to the Middle Pleistocene. Clearly the Castel di Guido hominids had done the first step in the process of increasing complexity of bone technology. We discuss the reasons why this innovation was not developed. The analysis of the lithic industry is done for comparison with the bone industry.

scholarly journals For our world without sound. The opportunistic debitage in the Italian context: a methodological evaluation of the lithic assemblages of Pirro Nord, Cà Belvedere di Montepoggiolo, Ciota Ciara cave and Riparo Tagliente.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Carpentieri ◽  
Marta Arzarello
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Great Heterogeneity ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
Methodological Evaluation

Abstract The opportunistic debitage, originally adapted from Forestier’s S.S.D.A. definition, is characterized by a strong adaptability to local raw material morphology and its physical characteristics and it is oriented towards flake production. Its most ancient evidence is related to the first European peopling by Homo sp. during Lower Pleistocene starting from 1.6 Ma and gradually increasing around 1 Ma. In these sites a great heterogeneity of the reduction sequences and raw materials employed is highlighted, bringing to the identification of multiple technical behaviours. However, the scientific community does not always agree on associating the concepts of opportunism and method to describe these lithic complexes. The same methodological issues remain for the Middle Pleistocene where, simultaneously to an increase of the archaeological evidence and the persistence of the opportunistic debitage, the first bifacial complexes are attested. Further implications concerning the increasing complexity highlighted in core technology management are now at the centre of an important debate regarding the genesis of more specialized method (Levallois and Discoid) especially during MIS 12 and MIS 9. We suggest that the opportunistic debitage could be the starting point for this process, carrying within itself a great methodological and cultural potential.

Use-Wear Analysis of the Lithic Industry of the Lower Palaeolithic Site of Guado San Nicola (Isernia, Central Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Luigi Francesco Berruti ◽  
Marta Arzarello ◽  
Allison Ceresa ◽  
Brunella Muttillo ◽  
Carlo Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Lithic Industry ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

Excavation of the Lower Palaeolithic Site at Amey's Eartham Pit, Boxgrove, West Sussex: A Preliminary Report.

1986 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 215-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Roberts ◽  
M. R. Bates ◽  
C. Bergman ◽  
A. P. Currant ◽  
J. R. Haynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Site Formation ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Site Formation Processes ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Environmental Reconstruction ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

The acheulian site at Boxgrove contains one of the most extensive areas of in situ fauna and flintwork yet discovered in Britain. This material is found in a complex sequence of sediments which represent depositional conditions from a 42 m sea level rise to the onset of a full periglacial climate. Excavation of the archaeological horizon has been accompanied by a programme of multidisciplinary research examining site formation processes, palaeolandscape and palaeoecological development, using sedimentological and environmental reconstruction techniques. Dating of the site is tentative as no absolute dates are available at present. However, comparative analysis with other British sites would suggest a position for the Boxgrove sequence within the Middle Pleistocene. The archaeological horizon is interpreted as being deposited towards the latter part of an interglacial or an interstadial period.

Unravelling basin shoulder dynamics through detrital apatite fission-track signature: the case of the Quaternary Mugello Basin, Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 1413-1426
Author(s):  
MARIA LAURA BALESTRIERI ◽  
MARCO BENVENUTI ◽  
RITA CATANZARITI
Keyword(s):  
Fission Track ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Northern Apennines ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
Fan Delta ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Intermontane Basins ◽  
Delta Sediments

AbstractDetrital apatite fission-track (AFT) thermochronology has been applied to lower Pleistocene lacustrine fan-delta sediments of the NE shoulder of the Mugello Basin, the youngest and closest to the main watershed among the Northern Apennines intermontane basins. The aim was to decode the shoulder uplift dynamics during the development of the basin through the analysis of the Quaternary fluvio-lacustrine deposits. Bedrock shoulder analysis, performed to match the detrital AFT data with their source, revealed the presence of a unexpected only partially annealed portion of a turbidite foredeep unit (AFT ages >7–5 Ma) belonging to the structural complex that constitutes the shoulder bedrock. These data disagree with the AFT age distribution pattern of the well-studied Northern Apennines chain, suggesting a segmentation of the foredeep basin. The latter may have been related to the presence of a tectonically induced topographic high (pre-late Langhian) in the area limiting the thickness of the overriding Ligurian lid. On the other hand, detrital AFT data provided arguments for understanding the dynamics of Mugello Basin shoulder uplift and rotation. The proportion in the different stratigraphic units of the fan-delta sediments of single grains showing young (reset) and old (non-reset) ages points to late Early Pleistocene timing of the development of the SW-verging backthrust that characterizes the study area. These data confirm and detail the picture of an early Quaternary development of the Mugello Basin under a compressional setting, only later (middle Pleistocene to present) superimposed by normal faultings.

The Icenian Crag of southeast Suffolk

1974 ◽  
Vol 269 (895) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Pollen Assemblage ◽  
Marine Transgression ◽  
Open Coast ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Mollusc Assemblages ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Beach Plain

Sections in the Icenian Crag at Chillesford, Aldeburgh, Thorpe Aldringham, Sizewell, Dunwich, Wangford and Southwold are described. Pollen and mollusc assemblages from these sites are tabled. The Icenian Crag is shown to contain a temperate pollen assemblage, resulting from a regional deciduous forest of the time. The assemblage is provisionally correlated with the Pastonian stage of the Middle Pleistocene, as Tsuga is very poorly represented and Abies is absent. The mollusc assemblages are divided into a sublittoral or infralittoral facies, a sheltered estuarine or wadden area facies, an open coast facies and a high-boreal or sub-arctic silty deposit facies, probably infralittoral. The unconformable relation of the Icenian Crag to Red and Coralline Crags at Chillesford and Aldeburgh and to Baventian sediments at Easton Bavents indicates a strong marine transgression over Lower Pleistocene deposits in Pastonian times. The beach plain of the Westleton Beds is included within this transgressive phase. Pollen assemblages from deep boreholes at Sizewell and Southwold show that the transgression deposits overlie Lower Pleistocene sediments correlated with the PreLudhamian, Thurnian and Baventian stages. A correlation is suggested between the Pastonian and the Cromerian III Interglacial of the Netherlands.

Age of Middle Pleistocene fauna and Lower Palaeolithic industries from Kent's Cavern, Devon

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1243-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
C PROCTOR ◽  
P BERRIDGE ◽  
M BISHOP ◽  
D RICHARDS ◽  
P SMART
Keyword(s):  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic
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