scholarly journals Lake Qooqa as a Narrative: Finding Meanings in Social Memory (A Narrative Inquiry)

Humanities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Assefa Tefera Dibaba
Keyword(s):  
Social Memory ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Sacred Sites ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Narrative Study ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Green Lake

Lake Qooqa in Oromia/Ethiopia started out as a man-made lake back in the 1960s, formed by the damming of the Awash River and other rivers for a practical function, i.e., for hydroelectric power. The lake flooded over the surrounding picturesque landscape, shattered sacred sites and the livelihoods of the Siiba Oromo, and damaged the ecosystem in the area, which was later resuscitated to have an aesthetic function for tourists. Available sources showed that people used the lake for irrigation, washing, fishing, and drinking, while tanneries, flower farms, and manufacturing facilities for soap and plastic products were set up along the banks without enough environmental impact assessment and virtually with no regulations on how to get rid of their effluents, which contained dangerous chemicals such as arsenic, mercury, chromium, lead, and cadmium, giving the lake a blue and green color locally called bulee; hence, the name the “Green Lake”. In the present study, following a string of “narrative turns” in other disciplinary fields of humanities and social sciences (folklore, history, and anthropology), I use social memory and life hi/story narratives from Amudde, Arsi, Oromia/Ethiopia, to consider a few methodological and theoretical questions of folkloric and ecological nature in doing a narrative study: What is social memory? What does social memory reveal about the people and the environment in which they live? Is a personal narrative story folklore? Where do stories come from? What should the researcher do with the stories s/he collected? Hence, this study aims to tackle two objectives: first, using social memory data as a means to connect social identity and historical memory set in a social context in which people shape their group identity and debate conflicting views of the past, I explore the Green Lake as a narrative, which is, in its current situation, a prototypical image of degradation and anthropogenic impacts, and trace trajectories and meanings of social memory about the shared past, i.e., the historical grief of loss that people in the study area carry in their memory pool. Second, toward this end, I use people’s stories from the research site, particularly Amina’s story about the loss of seven members of her family from complications related to drinking the polluted water, as evidence to show, sharing Sandra Dolby Stahl’s claim, that the narrative of personal experience belongs in folklore studies to the established genre of the family story.

scholarly journals Kinetics and isotherm modeling of Pb(II) and Cd(II) sequestration from polluted water onto tropical ultisol obtained from Enugu Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa C. Umeh ◽  
John K. Nduka ◽  
Kovo G. Akpomie
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

AbstractDeterioration in soil–water environment severely contributed by heavy metal bioavailability and mobility on soil surface and sub-surface due to irrational increase in wastewater discharge and agrochemical activities. Therefore, the feasibility of adsorption characteristics of the soil is paramount in curbing the problem of micropollutant contamination in the farming vicinity. Soil from a farming site in a populated area in Enugu, Nigeria was collected and tested to measure the lead and cadmium contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The adsorption potency of the ultisol soil was estimated for identifiable physicochemical properties by standard technique. The mean activity concentration of Pb2+ and Cd2+ was 15.68 mg/kg and 3.01 mg/kg. The pH, temperature, metal concentration and contact time adsorptive effect on the Pb2+ and Cd2+ uptake was evaluated by batch adsorption technique. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models were fitted into equilibrium adsorption data and the calculated results depict a better and satisfactory correlation for Langmuir with higher linear regression coefficients (Pb2+, 0.935 and Cd2+, 0.971). On the basis of sorption capacity mechanism of the soil, pseudo-second-order model best described the kinetics of both metal ions retention process. The results of the present study indicated that the soil being a low cost-effective adsorbent can be utilized to minimize the environmental risk impact of these metal ions.

scholarly journals Chemical Analysis of Rock and Water from dug Wells in a Residential Area in Lagos State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Mopelola Omotoso ◽  
Ibrahim Amoo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Samples of rock deposit dug out from wells at Alimosho local government in Lagos state, Nigeria were characterized for chemical composition and ultimate utilization. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) were used to identify the rock as a mixed clay rock containing 35.04% Illite, 25.64% Illite plus Quartz, 22.20% Kaolinite and 17.09% Feldspar. This was corroborated by cation determination that showed the rock to be predominantly clayey rock. The mean concentrations of lead and copper in water of the wells in the rock location are 0.004mg/L and 0.05mg/L respectively while cadmium is less than detectable limit. The well water in the area studied is therefore not contaminated by these heavy metals. Heavy metals removal by the mixed clay from polluted underground water was studied using AAS. A general increase of sorption was observed with increase in the adsorbent dosage. 20g of the rock adsorbed a higher percentage of copper (80.23%) than lead and cadmium that were 70.25% and 65.83% respectively. The percentage of heavy metals adsorbed confirms the use of mixed clay minerals as a contaminants removal from the underground polluted water. The rock adsorbed copper readily than cadmium and lead. The maximum amount of lead removed from the contaminated underground water of the defunct battery site across the adsorbent dosage (5g, 10g, 15g and 20g) were 1.20mg/L, 3.19mg/L, 3.69mg/L and 4.09mg/L respectively indicating the effect of increase in adsorbent dosage in remediating the lead contaminated water. This data showed that the rock can be used to remove these heavy metals from contaminated water.

scholarly journals The Role of the Museum Space Narrative in Constructing Historical Memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
A. I. Voronina
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
Historical Museums ◽  
Museum Displays ◽  
Museum Exhibitions ◽  
Hayden White

The paper concerns the issue of representation of historical memory. The museum is analyzed as the particular site of emergement of such a representation. The circulation of specific narratives belonging to a museum is viewed as the research object that is able to provide insights into the construction of historical memory. Therefore, the purpose of the undertaken study is to identify the role of the museum narrative in the formation of memory. This article focuses on the ways of exposing and assessing the effect that museum exhibitions and the concepts and the meaning they translate to the audience have on memory creation. The approach of the interdisciplinary scholar field of memory studies provides a framework for such an analysis. In particular, since the spatial dimension of memory is concerned, the contributions of Hayden White and of the theory of realms of memory of Pierre Nora are crucial. The text deconstructs the memory formation processes taking place in the space of museums using these theoretical and methodological ideas. The paper meets methodological challenges and research questions with conducting a case study. The exhibition of the Museum of the Mologa District that is a part of the Rybinsk State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum Preserve at the Russian Yaroslavl Region serve as the source of oral, textual and visual narratives. This museum offers a view on local history that is in a way unusual for Russian museums — it provides a less formal perspective, and, in addition, the museum was founded by an initiative group of the displaced people from the submerged town of Mologa. The museum displays are dedicated to this town that disappeared because of the construction of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power plant. With limited material evidence to illustrate the Mologa life, this role is passed to oral histories and memory narratives. Thus, based on the historical memory literature, the paper considers that the museum described could be characterized as a memory museum, different from traditional historical museums because of emotional links in the presentation of past events. The author concludes that the image of the flooded city presented in the museum is directly related to the traumatic nature of the social memory of the settlers. Thus, the meanings and the significance of the museum overflow to the realms of memory.

scholarly journals Environmental/hydrological problems of the Mekong River Delta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Mekong River Delta ◽  
Power Stations

The article shows how anthropogenic impacts on the hydrological regime in the upper part of the river basin together with climatic changes lead to an ecological catastrophe in the delta of the river. We have considered the Mekong River basin, which is located on the territory of six countries, where more than 30 hydroelectric power stations are already operating in the upper part of the basin, and another 10 are under construction. The number of hydroelectric power stations in the basin is planned to be increased to 170. The Mekong River Delta, completely located on the territory of Vietnam, is experiencing huge multifaceted problems. The delta has been growing towards the sea for many centuries, but in recent decades it has been receding, primarily due to a sharp decrease in the inflow of sediment in the delta, which is detained by numerous dams upstream. Uncontrolled until recently the extraction of sand and gravel mixtures from the riverbed also has an impact. On the other hand, the construction of hydraulic structures is not only a very important factor in the economic development of the basin countries, but also an important tool in combating the growing contrast of the climate, when floods are becoming more powerful, and the decline of the runoff in the dry period is becoming lower. Reduction of low-water runoff is exacerbated by the pumping out of groundwater for the needs of water supply. Reduction of the solid flow and low-water flow against the background of the growth of the world ocean level caused by climate change leads to a significant penetration of sea salt waters along the canal and channel systems into the delta. This has an extremely adverse effect on crop production and fish farming. At the same time, the Mekong Delta is the most important agricultural sector in Vietnam, accounting for more than 50% of total rice production and 60% of fish production. An article is devoted to the investigation of these problems and the identification of ways to solve them.

scholarly journals To the question of the concepts of «historical consciousness» and «historical memory»

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Yuliya Solomonovna Repinetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Individual Memory ◽  
Public Consciousness

The article defines the concepts historical consciousness and historical memory which are studied by many social sciences and are termed differently. The author indicates multiplicity of social memory as a process. Besides the public (social) memory the author distinguishes cultural memory (researched, especially recent); collective memory (faced and meaningful common experiences living together); individual memory (represented experience); historical memory, etc. Historical consciousness and historical memory are the terms that take a key position in the theory and methodology of historical science. The author of the article also draws attention to the analysis of the approaches of contemporary scientists L.P. Repina and Maurice Halbwachs (the founder of the theory of historical memory (1877-1945) to the interpretation of the problem. The essence of historical consciousness and memory is characterized, public consciousness is distinguished. The author draws attention to such an important aspect of the problem as identifying complex concepts-synonyms appearing in the theory and methodology of historical science like historical consciousness and historical memory. Special emphasis is made on showing dialectical unity concepts mentioned above.

scholarly journals STUDIES OF HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL MEMORY IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Анна Валерьевна Белова ◽  
Галина Алексеевна Кокорина
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Gender Specificity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Russian

В статье рассматриваются основные точки зрения современных отечественных и зарубежных ученых, освещающие проблемы изучения исторической и социальной памяти. Анализируются существенные подходы к определению таких понятий как «историческая память», «социальная память», «место памяти», «коллективная память». Дается характеристика исследований, посвященных изучению мемуарного текста, через гендерные различия воспроизводства памяти об исторической родине. Рассматриваются основные точки зрения на гендерную специфику памяти об исторической родине. Описываются взгляды современных историографов, освещающие вопросы истории повседневности. Проводится анализ основной и ведущей совокупности исследований в области истории повседневности в связи с исследованиями памяти. Также в работе рассматриваются основные научные труды в рамках темы памяти иностранцев об исторической родине. The article deals with the main points of view of modern domestic and foreign historiographers, highlighting the main processes and methods in the study of historical memory. The main approaches to the definition of such concepts as «historical memory», «social memory», «place of memory», «collective memory» are analyzed. The article describes the research devoted to the study of the memoir text, through gender differences in the reproduction of the memory of the historical homeland. The main points of view on the gender specificity of the memory of the historical homeland are considered. The article describes the main points of view of modern historiographers, covering the issues of the history of everyday life. The analysis of the main and leading set of studies in the field of the history of everyday life is carried out. The paper also examines the main scientific works within the framework of a given topic.

scholarly journals Assessment of the position of the project water flow in the lower reaches of hydroelectric facilities, using the example of the novosibirsk hydroelectric power station

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032075
Author(s):  
N Akhmatova ◽  
T Mikhaylova ◽  
T Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Channel Deformation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fish Industry

Abstract Construction of large hydroelectric complexes on the plain rivers of Western Siberia, such as the Ob, as well as other types of anthropogenic impact (infill development, quarrying of nonmetallic building materials, carrying out track works, laying communications, wastewater discharges, etc.) lead to a change in water and channel regimes, hydrological characteristics, channel deformation in the downstream. One of these changes is the landing of water level in the section of the lower pond of the Ob from the Novosibirsk hydroelectric complex to the mouth of the Tom River, which adversely affects navigable conditions of this stretch, operation of water intakes, port and sluice, and also damages the fish industry. The landing of the water level continues to this day, and in order to maintain the design water level, it becomes necessary to increase navigation releases. The design level was changed several times after the commissioning of the Novosibirsk hydroelectric complex due to its low availability, a further change in the availability will lead to a change in the design level mark, or rather its lowering. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to assess the position of the design flow rate at the established design level and make a forecast of changes in water flow depending on the time that has passed since the start of operation of the Novosibirsk hydroelectric complex, taking into account the impact on the channel, carried out dredging works, as well as other types of anthropogenic impacts.

scholarly journals A hunam is the body of social being: divercity of collective socio-historical memory frameworks

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Dakhin
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Social History ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Methodological Choice ◽  
The Social

Reflecting some contemporary trends social environment, the author underlines some of them which have increased the level of memory studies discussion. The paper reflects a trend of the postmodern pluralism field, where the social memory is defined as an object for free constructing. The alternative philosophical approach demands to rethink this pluralism by the decision of methodological choice towards memo philosophy which climes the idea of fundamental mission of social memory for social history and future development.

scholarly journals Media as a Vehicle for Social Memory: A Case of Władysław Turowicz, the Polish Godfather of Pakistan’s Space and Missile Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
Izabela Krupa-Mażulis
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge Perspective ◽  
Social Memories

The main purpose of this study is to explore the role of media as a vehicle for social memory in building social identity. The concept of social memory used by historians and others is to explore the connection between social identity and historical memory. In this research, the authors ex­plore the role of media in the formation of social memory. The first part of the article explores the term of social memory in the light of literature. In the second part, the authors discussed the role of media in the formation of social memory on the example of Air Commodore Władysław Turowicz, a Polish Pakistani Engineer who was known as “The Rocket-Missile Man of Pakistan”. The research­ers present the social memories of the Polish Godfather of Pakistan’s Space and Missile programs in the light of Pakistani electronic media. The authors have explored the role of Polish Engineer Władysław Turowicz in SUPARCO, his personal and professional life that has been widely discussed in Pakistani electronic media vs mere mention in Polish media. From the knowledge perspective, this research highlights some of the forgotten memories of Turowicz.

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