scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Russian Rapeseed Collection and Association Mapping of Novel Loci Affecting Glucosinolate Content

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Rim Gubaev ◽  
Lyudmila Gorlova ◽  
Stepan Boldyrev ◽  
Svetlana Goryunova ◽  
Denis Goryunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Independent Direction ◽  
Agronomical Traits

Rapeseed is the second most common oilseed crop worldwide. While the start of rapeseed breeding in Russia dates back to the middle of the 20th century, its widespread cultivation began only recently. In contrast to the world’s rapeseed genetic variation, the genetic composition of Russian rapeseed lines remained unexplored. We have addressed this question by performing genome-wide genotyping of 90 advanced rapeseed accessions provided by the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK). Genome-wide genetic analysis demonstrated a clear difference between Russian rapeseed varieties and the rapeseed varieties from the rest of the world, including the European ones, indicating that rapeseed breeding in Russia proceeded in its own independent direction. Hence, genetic determinants of agronomical traits might also be different in Russian rapeseed lines. To assess it, we collected the glucosinolate content data for the same 90 genotyped accessions obtained during three years and performed an association mapping of this trait. We indeed found that the loci significantly associated with glucosinolate content variation in the Russian rapeseed collection differ from those previously reported for the non-Russian rapeseed lines.

scholarly journals The results of preliminary trial experimental hybrids of winter rapeseed bred at VNIIMK by economically valuable traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
E.A. Strelnikov ◽  
◽  
E.B. Bochkaryova ◽  
L.A. Gorlova ◽  
V.V. Serdyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the research was a preliminary estimation of ten experimental hybrids of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) bred in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by the primary economically valuable traits. The research was conducted in the central zone of the Krasnodar region in 2019–2020. The results of the research are presented for the first time. On average for two years, nine of ten the best experimental hybrids increased by seeds yield by 0.32–0.76 t per ha both the standard cultivar Loris and the foreign hybrid Mercure. Middle seed yield of the studied hybrids varied significantly, variance range was from 4.99 t per ha (VN-3 × ОРK-10) to 5.62 t per ha (VN-4 × ОРK-20). Maximal values of seed and oil yields per a unit area were fixed for a hybrid combination VN-4 × ОРK-20. Except that, the hybrid is characterized with high weight of 1000 seeds (4.5 g). A hybrid combination VN-13 × ОРK-10 demonstrated high average by years seeds yield (5.33 t per ha) and oil yield (2.25 t per ha).Oil content in seeds and weight of 1000 seeds of this combination were at the level of the standard cultivar and the foreign hybrid. This hybrid shows the lowest glucosinolate content in seeds – 16.7 µmol/g, that is less that the foreign hybrid Mercure has by 2.3 µmol/g. The preliminary conclusion based on our researches is: the selected hybrids after confirmation of the competitive trial results can be of a great interest for production.

Molecular characterization of China aster (Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees) genotypes using SSR markers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Veluru Bhargav ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Anuradha Sane ◽  
T. Manjunatha Rao ◽  
T. Usha Bharathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
China Aster ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Understanding genetic diversity in target populations is of great importance in breeding and a prerequisite for association mapping of traits. In this study, 57 cross species simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were screened for amplification in China aster. Twenty six polymorphic markers were used to estimate the genetic diversity in forty two China aster genotypes. The observed and expected heterozygosities within the genotypes were ranged from 0.00 to 0.80 and 0.17 to 0.50, respectively. Weighted Neighbor Joining method, grouped China aster genotypes into five major clusters which coincided for morphological traits mostly flower color and form, but not correlated for their geographical locations. The results suggested that, population may be useful for the genome-wide marker–trait association mapping. These set of cross species transferable SSR markers would enable the application of the SSR technique in China aster crop improvement.

scholarly journals Replication and characterization of CADM2 and MSRA genes on human behavior

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Boutwell ◽  
David Hinds ◽  
Jorim Tielbeek ◽  
Ken K. Ong ◽  
Felix R. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Studies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractProgress identifying the genetic determinants of personality has historically been slow, with candidate gene studies and small-scale genome-wide association studies yielding few reproducible results. In the UK Biobank study, genetic variants in CADM2 and MSRA were recently shown to influence risk taking behavior and irritability respectively, representing some of the first genomic loci to be associated with aspects of personality. We extend this observation by performing a personality “phenome-scan” across 16 traits in up to 140,487 participants from 23andMe for these two genes. Heritability estimates for these traits ranged from 5-19%, with both CADM2 and MSRA demonstrating significant effects on multiple personality types. These associations covered all aspects of the big five personality domains, including specific facet traits such as compliance, altruism, anxiety and activity / energy. This study both confirms and extends the original observations, highlighting the role of genetics in aspects of mental health and behavior.

scholarly journals BREEDING OF WINTER RAPESEED INBRED LINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARENT FORMS FOR HYBRIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Bochkaryova ◽  
L. A. Gorlova ◽  
V. V. Serdyuk ◽  
E. A. Strelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK) performs the breeding of interline rapeseed hybrids using the Ogura CMS. The program of interline winter rapeseed hybrid development was aimed at studying the efficiency of self-pollinated line breeding from population cultivars, assessing the impact of inbreeding depression on economically important traits, analyzing the changes in the lines’ traits after their transition to the sterile basis, and obtaining fertility restorer lines with an acceptable level of glucosinolate content in seeds.Materials and methods. Intraspecific hybrids, cultivars developed at the Pustovoit Institute and those of foreign breeding were employed as parent material for the development of self-pollinated lines. Self-pollination of rapeseed plants was performed using spunbond isolators. Over 1000 plants were self-pollinated every year. Generations of self-pollinated lines S1 –S4 were planted on 2.25 m2 plots, and during the growth season their visual screening was undertaken to assess their morphobiological traits. Starting with S5, the lines were evaluated for their yield on 7.5 m2 plots.Results. The inbreeding depression was found to not exceed 3–15% of the seed yield. The transition of the lines to sterile cytoplasm did not have any negative consequences. A series of experimental hybrids were developed, exceeding the reference cultivar ‘Loris’ in seed yield by 23–48%. New hybrid combinations also exceeded the reference in seed yield by 21–54%.

scholarly journals Adaptive reaction of perspective spring rapeseed cultivars in conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
D.V. Starikova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Gorlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Adaptive Reaction

We studied 18 perspective and already registered spring rapeseed cultivars of VNIIMK breeding. Impact of weather conditions in a period flowering – maturing on economically valuable traits was revealed. The cultivars were compared by calculated statistic parameters of adaptivity, environmental plasticity, stability in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region. The perspective linear cultivars which demonstrated the most stably yield in the different years were selected. The researches were conducted in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar, Russia, in 2017– 2020. The most favorable weather conditions for cultivation of spring rapeseed appeared to be in 2017. Index of environmental condition (Ij) was 1.01. On average for rapeseed cultivar, yield varied from maximal in 2017 (2.83 t per ha) to minimal in 2019 (1.31 t per ha). Oil content in the different years varied from 40.9 to 46.34%, weight of 1000 seeds – from 2.22 to 3.85 g. Glucosinolate content was minimal (14.16 µmol/g) in 2017 and reached maximum (21.48 µmol/g) in 2020. The linear cultivars ВН-LР13, ВНDl 2, and ВН-Dl 1 are characterized with the highest environmental plasticity, having the indicators bi = 1.30; 1.24, and 1.21, respectively. The cultivars Amulet and Ruyan were the most stable: Si² was equal to 0.65 and 0.69, respectively, as well as the main applicant for being a cultivar: ВН-4801, ВН-191, and ВН2478 having the indicators 0.40; 0.62, and 0.80. The perspective cultivars ВН-4801 and ВН-906 (Kenar) are characterized with a valuable combination of increased and stable for years yield. Due to absolute indicator of adaptability, all the studied cultivars are ranking as following: ВН-4801 (113.6%), ВН-Dl 1 (106.3%), ВН-Dl 2 (105.9%), ВН-LР 13 (105.0%), ВН-XT (103.4%), Руян (102.9%), and ВН-906 (101.9%).

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of GATA Family Genes in Brassica Napus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhuo Zhu ◽  
Yiyi Guo ◽  
Yeke Chen ◽  
Dezhi Wu ◽  
Lixi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background: GATA transcription factors are involved in plant developmental processes, which also respond to environmental stresses through binding DNA regulatory regions to regulate the downstream genes. However, little information of GATA genes is available in Brassica napus, one of important oil crops. The release of B. napus genome sequences provides a good opportunity to perform a genome-wide characterization of GATA family genes in the rapeseed genome. Results: In this study, 96 GATA genes randomly distributing on 19 chromosomes were identified in B. napus. They were classified into four subfamilies on the basis of phylogenetic analysis and the domain structures. The sequences of BnGATAs were obvious divergence among four subfamilies based on their GATA domains, structures and motif compositions. Gene duplication and the synteny between the genomes of B. napus and A. thaliana were also analyzed to provide insights into the evolutionary characteristics. Moreover, BnGATAs showed different expression patterns in various tissues and under diverse abiotic stresses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distribution analysis suggests functional disparity of GATA family genes in different genotypes of a core collection germplasm.Conclusion: This study examined genomic structures, evolution features, expression patterns and SNP distribution of 96 BnGATAs. The results enriched our knowledge of the GATA genes in rapeseed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document