scholarly journals Brassinosteroid Priming Improves Peanut Drought Tolerance via Eliminating Inhibition on Genes in Photosynthesis and Hormone Signaling

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Luping Huang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ruier Zeng ◽  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
Huajian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Signal Cascade ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Fast Adaptation ◽  
Gene Ontologies ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Drought negatively affects the growth and yield of terrestrial crops. Seed priming, pre-exposing seed to a compound, could induce improved tolerance and adaptation to stress in germinated plants. To understand the effects and regulatory mechanism of seed priming with brassinosteroid (BR) on peanut plants, we treated seeds with five BR concentrations and examined dozens of physiological and biochemical features, and transcriptomic changes in leaves under well-watered and drought conditions. We found optimal 0.15 ppm BR priming could reduce inhibitions from drought and increase the yield of peanut, and priming effects are dependent on stage of plant development and duration of drought. BR priming induced fewer differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than no BR priming under well-watered condition. Drought with BR priming reduced the number of DEGs than drought only. These DEGs were enriched in varied gene ontologies and metabolism pathways. Downregulation of DEGs involved in both light perceiving and photosynthesis in leaves is consistent with low parameters of photosynthesis. Optimal BR priming partially rescued the levels of growth promoting auxin and gibberellin which were largely reduced by drought, and increased levels of defense associated abscisic acid and salicylic acid after long-term drought. BR priming induced many DEGs which function as kinase or transcription factor for signal cascade under drought. We proposed BR priming-induced regulatory responses will be memorized and recalled for fast adaptation in later drought stress. These results provide physiological and regulatory bases of effects of seed priming with BR, which can help to guide the framing improvement under drought stress.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterial Mitigation of Drought Stress in Crop Plants: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omena Ojuederie ◽  
Oluwaseyi Olanrewaju ◽  
Olubukola Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Abiotic stresses arising from climate change negates crop growth and yield, leading to food insecurity. Drought causes oxidative stress on plants, arising from excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to inadequate CO2, which disrupts the photosynthetic machinery of plants. The use of conventional methods for the development of drought-tolerant crops is time-consuming, and the full adoption of modern biotechnology for crop enhancement is still regarded with prudence. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could be used as an inexpensive and environmentally friendly approach for enhancing crop growth under environmental stress. The various direct and indirect mechanisms used for plant growth enhancement by PGPR were discussed. Synthesis of 1-aminocyclopropane−1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase enhances plant nutrient uptake by breaking down plant ACC, thereby preventing ethylene accumulation, and enable plants to tolerate water stress. The exopolysaccharides produced also improves the ability of the soil to withhold water. PGPR enhances osmolyte production, which is effective in reducing the detrimental effects of ROS. Multifaceted PGPRs are potential candidates for biofertilizer production to lessen the detrimental effects of drought stress on crops cultivated in arid regions. This review proffered ways of augmenting their efficacy as bio-inoculants under field conditions and highlighted future prospects for sustainable agricultural productivity.

scholarly journals Influence of Drought Stress on Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Plants: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 697-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waquar Akhter Ansari ◽  
Neelam Atri ◽  
Maneesh Pandey ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Bijendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characters ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Drought poses the most significant environmental constrain that limits the growth and yield efficiency of vegetables around the world. The major challenges lies is to identify potential genetic resources and technology development that improve quality and productivity of vegetable crops under declining land, reducing natural resources and increasing environmental stresses. Varied responses of different crop species/genotypes to water-deficit condition have been studied for a long time, and several morphological, physiological and biochemical characters have been suggested to be responsible for drought tolerance. Understanding the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought is essential for a holistic perception of plant resistance mechanisms to water-limited conditions and also to design screening techniques for drought tolerance that may be employed in crop breeding. Drought stress lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants which inactivate enzymes and damage important cellular components. The effects of the action of free radicals on membranes include the induction of lipid peroxidation and fatty acid de-esterification. Plants possess very efficient enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems which work in concert to control the cascades of uncontrolled oxidation and protect plant cells from oxidative damage by scavenging of ROS. In this review the important morphological, physiological and biochemical traits that are influenced by drought stress, and may be important indices for identification/screening of drought tolerant genotypes in vegetable crops has been described.

scholarly journals Response of Primed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seeds towards Reproductive Stage Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2913-2921
Author(s):  
Mohd Syahmi Salleh ◽  
Mohd Shukor Nordin ◽  
Adam B. Puteh ◽  
Rozilawati Shahari ◽  
Zarina Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
The Impact

Seed priming could be promoted as a potential alternative in alleviating drought stress challenges in rice cultivation. The present study was conducted as an attempt to verify potential performance of seed priming in improving seedling growth and harvestable grain yield of rice under reproductive stage drought stress (RS). Seed treatments involved were non-primed seeds as control (T1), hydro-primed (T2) and osmo-primed at -1.0 mPa with polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) (T3). Reproductive stage drought stress (RS) was imposed at soil water potential lower than -60 kPa. The well-watered plants served as control of the experiment. In general, seedling growth of T3 was better than T2 and T1 for all growth parameters in both planting seasons. Yield components were significantly lower in RS as compared to well-watered treatment (WW). The agronomic performance of primed seeds in T2 and T3 were not significantly different with T1 under both RS and WW for both planting seasons. As a conclusion, seed priming treatments used in this study was ineffective in improving agronomic performance of rice under RS. Therefore, other alternatives such as development of drought tolerant rice should be highly emphasized in order to minimize the impact of drought on growth and yield of rice plant.

Drought stress and osmo-priming effects on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Ocimum basilicum

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 905-913
Author(s):  
Bahram Majd Nassiry ◽  
Neda Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
And Control

    One of the effects of reducing water content on soil is reduction of growth and development of seedlings and variation of field development. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stresses. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of osmo-priming on germination characteristics and changes of proline, protein and catalase activity of Ocimum basilicum seeds. Results showed that drought stress reduced the germination characteristics and drought stress in -8 bar was the critical stress.  Priming treatments were include KNO3, PEG and NaCl by 0, -4 and -8 bar concentrations. The seeds were primed with those materials for 8 and 16 hours. The highest germination characteristics were obtained from nitrate potassium in -8 bar for 16 hours priming. Therefore the best seed treatment under drought stress during germination was obtained from the osmo-primed with -8 bar nitrate potassium for 16 hours. The drought stress increased proline and catalase activity but reduced total protein. Priming treatment increases proline, total protein and catalase activity under drought and control conditions. It is concluded that priming results in improvement in germination components of Ocimum basilicum in drought stress conditions and increases the resistance to drought stress with improvement of proline, protein and catalase activity in germination phase.

Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Poplar Plants to Drought Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARADHNA KUMARI ◽  
IM KHAN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Poplar clone Kranti was selected to assess the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses under drought at different levels of water stress, as it is a common clone used to be grown in Uttarakhand for making paper and plywood. The cuttings of Populus deltoides L. (clone Kranti) were exposed to four different watering regimes (100, 75, 50 and 25% of the field capacity) and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters related with drought tolerance were recorded. Alterations in physiological (i.e. decrease in relative water content) and biochemical parameters (i.e. increase in proline and soluble sugar content and build-up of malondialdehyde by-products) occurred in all the three levels of water stress, although drought represented the major determinant. Drought treatments (75%, 50% and 25% FC) decreased plant height, radial stem diameter, harvest index, total biomass content and RWC in all the three watering regimes compared to control (100% FC). Biochemical parameters like proline, soluble sugar and MDA content increased with severity and duration of stress, which helped plants to survive under severe stress. It was analyzed that for better wood yield poplar seedlings should avail either optimum amount of water (amount nearly equal to field capacity of soil) or maximum withdrawal up to 75% of field capacity up to seedling establishment period (60 days). Furthermore, this study manifested that acclimation to drought stress is related with the rapidity, severity, and duration of the drought event of the poplar species.

scholarly journals Screening, Identification and Growth-Promotion Products of Multifunctional Bacteria in a Chinese Fir Plantation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Guangyu Zhao ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
Jiaqi Chen ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Purpose: This research was aimed to screen and identify multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria of a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation and study its phosphorus-dissolving characteristics in order to provide strain resources and a theoretical basis for developing the appropriate bacterial fertilizer of a Chinese fir plantation. Methods: First, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were isolated from the woodland soil of a Chinese fir plantation by Pikovskava inorganic phosphorus medium (PVK). Then, some growth-promoting indicators of primary screening strains were determined, including the capacity of phosphorus-solubilized, nitrogenase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), secretion of iron carrier and so on. Finally, the screening multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were identified, which were combined with colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests and molecular biotechnology. Results: (1) Thirteen phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were isolated and screened in total, and P5 (195.61 mg·L−1) had the strongest capacity of phosphorus-solubilized. Five phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were provided with nitrogenase activity, and the highest activity of nitrogenase was P10 and P5 (71.90 C2H4 nmol·mL−1·h−1 and 71.00 C2H4 nmol·mL−1·h−1, respectively). Four strains were provided with ACC deaminase activity, and the highest activity of ACC deaminase was P5 and P9, (0.74 μmol·mg−1·h−1 and 0.54 μmol·mg−1·h−1, respectively). Most strains could secrete IAA, and three strains of bacteria had a strong secretory ability, which could secrete IAA with a concentration greater than 15 mg·mL−1, and P5 was 18.00, P2 was 17.30, P6 was 15.59 (mg·mL−1). P5 produced carriers of iron better than others, and the ratio of the diameter of the iron production carrier ring to the diameter of the colony was 1.80, respectively, which was significantly higher than other strains. Combining all kinds of factors, P5 multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were screened for eventual further study. (2) Strain P5 was identified as Burkholderia ubonensis, based on the colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests, 16SrDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction. Conclusion: P5 has a variety of high-efficiency growth-promoting capabilities, and the ability to produce IAA, ACC deaminase activity and siderophore performance are significantly higher than other strains, which had great potential in the development of microbial fertilizer.

Morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects of zinc seed priming-induced drought tolerance in faba bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 109894
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Sara Ali Darwish Almamari ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Walid Mubarak Al-Busaidi ◽  
Abdul Wahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical
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