scholarly journals Precision and Personalized Medicine: How Genomic Approach Improves the Management of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Disease

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Oriana Strianese ◽  
Francesca Rizzo ◽  
Michele Ciccarelli ◽  
Gennaro Galasso ◽  
Ylenia D’Agostino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Genomic Approach ◽  
Disease Indicators ◽  
And Personalized Medicine

Life expectancy has gradually grown over the last century. This has deeply affected healthcare costs, since the growth of an aging population is correlated to the increasing burden of chronic diseases. This represents the interesting challenge of how to manage patients with chronic diseases in order to improve health care budgets. Effective primary prevention could represent a promising route. To this end, precision, together with personalized medicine, are useful instruments in order to investigate pathological processes before the appearance of clinical symptoms and to guide physicians to choose a targeted therapy to manage the patient. Cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases represent suitable models for taking full advantage of precision medicine technologies applied to all stages of disease development. The availability of high technology incorporating artificial intelligence and advancement progress made in the field of biomedical research have been substantial to understand how genes, epigenetic modifications, aging, nutrition, drugs, microbiome and other environmental factors can impact health and chronic disorders. The aim of the present review is to address how precision and personalized medicine can bring greater clarity to the clinical and biological complexity of these types of disorders associated with high mortality, involving tremendous health care costs, by describing in detail the methods that can be applied. This might offer precious tools for preventive strategies and possible clues on the evolution of the disease and could help in predicting morbidity, mortality and detecting chronic disease indicators much earlier in the disease course. This, of course, will have a major effect on both improving the quality of care and quality of life of the patients and reducing time efforts and healthcare costs.

Contemporary Aspects of Training in Vocational Secondary Schools and Students’ Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
EI Shubochkina ◽  
EG Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Second Year

Introduction: Current vocational secondary education (VSE) in Russia is characterized by a focus on practical training (as part of dual training) aimed at improving professional competencies of graduates. It also demonstrates negative trends in adolescent health, which requires optimization and development of specific algorithms of medical support for students aged 14–22 years and older appropriate to their academic and practical workload. Objective: To assess adaptation of college students to learning conditions, depending on their health status, and to substantiate ways of improving their health care. Material and methods: We retrieved and analyzed information from the database of multicenter studies conducted within the unified program of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Russian Ministry of Health. Our sample included 197 first- and second-year college boys from the cities of Omsk and Moscow studying to become welders and auto mechanics. The quality of life, health and well-being indicators were evaluated according to the International Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short-form (MOS SF-36). The students were divided into subgroups based on their health status. The statistical processing complied with modern requirements and criteria of evidence-based medicine. Results: We established that vocational schools admitted a significant number of applicants with the above specialty preferences suffering from chronic diseases (21.1–26 %). Results of the questionnaire-based survey of future welders and car mechanics revealed difficulties in adaptation to the educational process of the students with chronic disorders expressed by lower quality of life indicators, frequent health complaints and feelings of fatigue, especially in second-year students who experience an increasing academic and practical workload. Conclusions: Students with chronic diseases mastering professions with hazardous working conditions represent population at risk, require health monitoring, determination of professional suitability, and control over the working conditions in industrial practice. The importance of protecting health of future professionals is determined by implementation of practice-based training in 42 % of vocational schools. Models of school medicine proposed to optimize health care in comprehensive schools can be adapted to conditions of secondary vocational facilities. Foreign studies have proved feasibility of an early onset of work-related diseases in certain occupations, even before completion of training, thus necessitating vocational guidance, professional medical advice, and development of an effective system of medical support for adolescents and students.

Can the health care system be effective? - The research results

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (14) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Joanna Jasińska
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Concepts Of Health

The different definitions of efficiency (in their medical meanings) are presented as the result of meta-reviews found in scientific databases. Efficacy and efficiency are often mismatched with effectiveness in the research of healthcare systems in different countries. In addition to the classic Bismarck’s and Beveridge’s models the modern concepts of health systems include personalized medicine, recognition of health as economic value. However, the basic problem in the Polish healthcare system is the low quality of overly specific and often changed legislation.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life and health care use in cancer survivors compared with patients with chronic diseases

Cancer ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne J. Heins ◽  
Joke C. Korevaar ◽  
Petra E.P.C. Hopman ◽  
Gé A. Donker ◽  
François G. Schellevis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness Research, Genomics-Enabled Personalized Medicine, and Rapid Learning Health Care: A Common Bond

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (34) ◽  
pp. 4233-4242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey S. Ginsburg ◽  
Nicole M. Kuderer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness Research ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Effectiveness Research ◽  
Rapid Learning ◽  
And Personalized Medicine ◽  
Evidence Generation

Despite stunning advances in our understanding of the genetics and the molecular basis for cancer, many patients with cancer are not yet receiving therapy tailored specifically to their tumor biology. The translation of these advances into clinical practice has been hindered, in part, by the lack of evidence for biomarkers supporting the personalized medicine approach. Most stakeholders agree that the translation of biomarkers into clinical care requires evidence of clinical utility. The highest level of evidence comes from randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). However, in many instances, there may be no RCTs that are feasible for assessing the clinical utility of potentially valuable genomic biomarkers. In the absence of RCTs, evidence generation will require well-designed cohort studies for comparative effectiveness research (CER) that link detailed clinical information to tumor biology and genomic data. CER also uses systematic reviews, evidence-quality appraisal, and health outcomes research to provide a methodologic framework for assessing biologic patient subgroups. Rapid learning health care (RLHC) is a model in which diverse data are made available, ideally in a robust and real-time fashion, potentially facilitating CER and personalized medicine. Nonetheless, to realize the full potential of personalized care using RLHC requires advances in CER and biostatistics methodology and the development of interoperable informatics systems, which has been recognized by the National Cancer Institute's program for CER and personalized medicine. The integration of CER methodology and genomics linked to RLHC should enhance, expedite, and expand the evidence generation required for fully realizing personalized cancer care.

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duarte Pereira ◽  
Elisabete Ramos ◽  
Jaime Branco
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Important Health

<p>Osteoarthritis is nowadays one of the most frequent chronic diseases and, with the increase in life expectancy, both its prevalence and incidence is expected to rise. This condition is progressive and leads to functional decline and loss in quality of life, with important health care and society costs. A review of relevant and recent literature on osteoarthritis was performed in PubMed. The purpose of this study is to understand important aspects about osteoarthritis estimates, burden of disease, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis<br />and treatment.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Osteoarthritis/diagnosis; Osteoarthritis/epidemiology; Osteoarthritis/physiopathology; Osteoarthritis/therapy; Portugal; Risk Factors.</p>

The Role of Podiatric Medicine in the Health-Care Team

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Leonard A. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
And Training

As physicians, podiatric medical doctors should not define themselves as medical professionals who treat the foot and ankle but rather as medical professionals who prevent, diagnose, and treat people who have foot and ankle problems. Patients who come to see podiatric physicians often have other health-care issues, and because of the education and training that doctors of podiatric medicine receive, they are uniquely qualified to identify and respond to findings not only related to the pedal extremity but also that may affect overall health, have a major effect on quality of life, and even help reduce overall health-care costs. The role of podiatric medicine as a truly integrated branch of medical care needs to be reassessed.

scholarly journals New Manifestation of Covid-19 in Oral Region, a Potential Faster Diagnosis Approach, a Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Shohreh Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Personalized Medicine

Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 continues to shatter the world by high rate of mortalities. The poorest prognosis of COVID-19 is among patients with comorbidities. Exploring new ways to predict and diagnose the infection at early stages will probably reduce the fatality and prevent further damages. Identifying unexampled or additional clinical symptoms may provide opportunities for earlier diagnosis and prevention of severe cases of COVID-19. Material and method: A methodical search was conducted through PubMed, Google and Google scholar databases to analyze the published or in press literature. The keywords were words “novel Coronavirus”, “SARS-Cov-2 (CoV)” and “COVID-19”, searched by at least two or more independent individuals. A total of 88 related items were picked based on the keywords. While the majority of materials were based on one-case reports (66 cases), a combination of multiple case studies as well as full research papers was investigated. Results: There were several unexampled manifestations including cutaneous symptoms and oral lesions by which early diagnosis, prevention and even more effective treatment may be achieved for COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: The most striking novel clinical presentation was intraoral painful blisters or mouth ulcers mostly seen on the cheek mucosa as per the revelation of the reported cases in the literature review. Leaving out a daily intraoral examination might have been the reason why intraoral lesions have been connived as effective predictive, prognostic and even preventive manifestations of COVID-19. The outcomes of these current studies suggest that intraoral lesions may offer a very new approach, using preventive, predictive and personalized medicine (PPP) concept to provide a rapid diagnosis and more effective therapeutic modality in patients with COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19; Oral lesions; SARS-CoV-2; PPP; Preventive; coronavirus; Personalized Abbreviations: PPP: preventive predictive and personalized medicine, SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, COVID: corona virus disease.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING THE REMOTE MONITORING USAGE FOR HOME HEALTH CARE

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinaz Tabari ◽  
Najme Montaseri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Managing and monitoring some diseases and disorders are costly and complicated for patients, their families and healthcare systems. Furthermore, many of the pharmaceutical facilities, equipment and disease management programs are not available to all people in the community. Therefore the use of wireless technologies along with the telephone-based transmission systems, can collect the patients’ health status data and share with related providers. Remote monitoring defines a management approach using communication technology to track patients’ health. Methods: In this study, we searched recent articles indexed in PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid, Web of Science and Google Scholar to investigate articles which aimed to explore the use of remote patient monitoring systems in different clinical status and to review the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. Results: People with chronic diseases such as heart disease have complicated care needs. If these people would not be exposed to proper interventions, this situation may lead to multiple referral to the emergency departments and even rehospitalization. Home care by using clear communication protocols, can have a significant impact on improving the quality of care and safety of patients after discharging from the hospital. In such chronic diseases, remote monitoring fascilities and interventions along with education can reduce the use of healthcare resources and the need for early re-admission. Remote monitoring can also support people with disturbances of consciousness. In the field of drug prescription, this technology can also offer recommendations for regulation and alteration of last prescribed drugs in addition to suggestions on patient behavioural changes by care providers and predefined algorithms. This technological method can also be used to monitor side effects of some medications such as antihypertensive drugs. Conclusion: Monitoring patients remotely, is most commonly used in heart diseases, pulmonary diseases, diabetes and blood pressure diseases. Studies have also been conducted in areas such as serving the elderly and drug counseling. Although there are contradictions about the impact and effectiveness of this approach on some diseases, for patients who are hospitalized frequently, a daily program for monitoring them remotely can have an impact on optimizing health care resource utilization and reduce the number of admissions and length of stay in the hospital and ultimately improve the quality of life of the individual.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document