scholarly journals Genomic Diversity, Population Structure, and Signature of Selection in Five Chinese Native Sheep Breeds Adapted to Extreme Environments

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Adam Abied ◽  
Alnoor Bagadi ◽  
Farhad Bordbar ◽  
Yabin Pu ◽  
Serafino M.A. Augustino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Native Sheep

Through long term natural and artificial selection, domestic sheep (Ovis aries) have become adapted to a diverse range of agro-ecological environments and display multiple phenotypic traits. Characterization of diversity and selection signature is essential for genetic improvement, understanding of environmental adaptation, as well as utilization and conservation of sheep genetic resources. Here, we aimed to assess genomic diversity, population structure, and genomic selection among five Chinese native sheep breeds using 600K high density SNP genotypes. A total of 96 animals of the five breeds were selected from different geographical locations with extremely dry or humid conditions. We found a high proportion of informative SNPs, ranging from 93.3% in Yabuyi to 95.5% in Wadi, Hu, and Hetian sheep. The average pairwise population differentiation (FST) between the breeds was 0.048%, ranging from 0.022% to 0.054%, indicating their low to moderate differentiation. PCA, ADMIXTURE, and phylogenetic tree analyses revealed a clustering pattern of the five Chinese sheep breeds according to their geographical distribution, tail type, coat color, body size, and breeding history. The genomic regions under putative selection identified by FST and XP-EHH approaches frequently overlapped across the breeds, and spanned genes associated with adaptation to extremely dry or humid environments, innate and adaptive immune responses, and growth, wool, milk, and reproduction traits. The present study offers novel insight into genomic adaptation to dry and humid climates in sheep among other domestic animals and provides a valuable resource for further investigation. Moreover, it contributes useful information to sustainable utilization and conservation of sheep genetic resources.

scholarly journals How to better conserve with genetic data: origin and population structure of Brazilian locally adapted hair sheep (Ovis aries) breeds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago do Prado Paim ◽  
Samuel Rezende Paiva ◽  
Natália Martins de Toledo ◽  
Michel Beleza Yamaghishi ◽  
Paulo Luiz Souza Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
East African ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Fat Tail ◽  
Santa Inês

AbstractBrazilian hair sheep constitute a genetic diversity hotspot of sheep breeds. These locally adapted genetic resources developed in harsh environments of the Brazilian Northwest (semi-arid) and maintained important traits for this region, such as parasite resistance, heat tolerance and high pelt quality. Genotypes (50K SNP chip) from seven Brazilian sheep breeds (5 hair and 2 coarse wool types) and 87 worldwide breeds were used to verify population structure, admixture and genetic diversity, using PCA and ADMIXTURE analyses. We constructed a phylogenetic tree and evaluated migration events between genetic groups using TREEMIX software. Brazilian Somali, a fat-tailed breed, was the unique breed with high relationship with East African breeds and formed a distinct cluster from other Brazilian breeds. This breed seems to contribute to formation of Santa Inês, Morada Nova and Brazilian Fat-tail breeds. Brazilian Blackbelly had a clear relationship with Barbados Blackbelly, which appeared as another group. Other Brazilian breeds seem to form a further genetic group with some recent admixtures. Morada Nova remained as a separate group, not showing a strong relationship with European or African breeds, only revealing a migration event from Sidaoun, an Algerian hair breed. Brazilian Fat-tail and Morada Nova share a common ancestor, but the first received introgressions from Brazilian Somali and Afrikaner breeds, explaining the fat-tail phenotype. Santa Inês received strong contribution from Bergamasca and had an admixed origin with recent introgressions from other breeds, mainly from Suffolk animals. In conclusion, Brazilian Somali and Brazilian Fat-tail are the most endangered sheep genetic resources in Brazil.

Geographical isolation of native sheep breeds in the UK—Evidence of endemism as a risk factor to genetic resources

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 288-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Carson ◽  
Matt Elliott ◽  
Julian Groom ◽  
Agnes Winter ◽  
Dianna Bowles
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Native Sheep ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosomal diversity in ancient populations of domestic sheep (Ovis aries) in Finland: comparison with contemporary sheep breeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Niemi ◽  
Auli Bläuer ◽  
Terhi Iso-Touru ◽  
Veronica Nyström ◽  
Janne Harjula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Sheep Breeds

scholarly journals Genomic diversity and population structure of three autochthonous Greek sheep breeds assessed with genome-wide DNA arrays

2018 ◽  
Vol 293 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Michailidou ◽  
G. Tsangaris ◽  
G. C. Fthenakis ◽  
A. Tzora ◽  
I. Skoufos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Dna Arrays ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Genetic variation and population structure of Italian native sheep breeds undergoing in situ conservation1

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 3837-3844 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dalvit ◽  
M. De Marchi ◽  
E. Zanetti ◽  
M. Cassandro
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Native Sheep

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Selective Scans Detect Genes Associated With Important Phenotypic Traits in Sheep (Ovis aries)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Song Xu ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Min Shen ◽  
Fenghua Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Production Body

Sheep (Ovis aries) is one of the important livestock with diverse phenotypic traits. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of diverse phenotypic traits in domestic sheep. Using the genome-wide high-density SNP data (600K) in 253 samples from 13 populations, we conducted the tests of selective sweeps (i.e., pairwise FST and XP-CLR) associated with several important phenotypic traits (e.g., tail types, horn morphology, prolificacy, coat pigmentation, ear size, milk production, meat production, body size and wool fineness). We identified strong selective signatures in previously reported (e.g., T, RXFP2, BMPR1B, TYRP1, MSRB3, TF, CEBPA, GPR21 and HOXC8) and novel genes associated with the traits, such as CERS6, BTG1, RYR3, SLC6A4, NNAT and OGT for fat deposition in the tails, FOXO4 for fertility, PTCH1 and EMX2 for ear size, and RMI1 and SCD5 for body size. Further gene annotation analysis showed that these genes were identified to be the most probable genes accounting for the diverse phenotypic traits. Our results provide novel insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying the traits and also new genetic markers for genetic improvement in sheep and other livestock.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Diversity to Shed Light on Phylogenetic Relationship and Demographic History of African Sheep (Ovis aries) Breeds

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
George Wanjala ◽  
Zoltán Bagi ◽  
Szilvia Kusza
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Control Region ◽  
Sheep Breeds

To improve sheep breeding and conservation of genetic resources, the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA CR) of 399 sequences of African indigenous sheep breeds from previously published research articles were meta-analyzed to elucidate their phylogenetic relationship, diversity, and demographic history. A total of 272 haplotypes were found, of which 207 were unique and a high level of mtDNA CR variability was observed. Generally, the number of polymorphic sites, nucleotide and haplotype diversity were high (284, 0.254 ± 0.012 and 0.993 ± 0.002, respectively). The median-joining (MJ) network of haplotypes produced three major haplogroups (A, B and C), with haplogroup B being dominant. A mixture of populations suggests a common matrilineal origin and lack of and/or a weak phylogeographic structure. Mismatch analysis showed recent expansion of North African breeds, whereas East African and continental populations exhibited selection pressures for adaptation. A slight historical genetic difference was also observed between the fat tail and thin tail sheep breeds. However, further investigations are required using more samples and long sequence segments to achieve deeper levels of conclusions on the African sheep phylogenetic relationship. The present meta-analysis results contribute to the general understanding of African native sheep populations for improved management of sheep genetic resources.

scholarly journals Sheep genetic resources in Bulgaria with focus on breeds with coloured wool

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Doytcho Dimov ◽  
Atanas Vuchkov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Native Sheep ◽  
White Colour ◽  
Bulgarian People

This review describes sheep genetic resources in Bulgaria with coloured wool and evaluates the country’s potential for coloured wool production. In 2018, Bulgaria counted 125,422 animals belonging to 18 native sheep breeds, six of which are in danger of extinction. Native sheep breeds in Bulgaria can be divided into three groups depending on the fleece colour of the animals: i) sheep breeds with fully pigmented fleece in all animals; ii) sheep breeds with animals with fully pigmented fleece or fully white fleece; iii) sheep breeds with spotted coloured fleece. Colouration in populations of the native Bulgarian sheep breeds can be explained by the phenotypic expression of several alleles of coat colour genes: ExtensionD, Agoutia and Pigmented headT , while white colour is due to the presence of the dominant Agoutiwt allele.Based on the relative share of the animals with coloured wool, the country’s potential for annual coloured wool production from native breeds was estimated at a minimum of 133,791 kg of unwashed wool. Recent tendencies in lifestyle changes of the Bulgarian people are gradually leading to increased interest in naturally coloured wool products, which may benefit the conservation of endangered native breeds by promoting relevant breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Sheep genetic resource conservation experience in Turkey and future prospects in Ethiopia: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Zeleke Tesema ◽  
Abiy Shenkute
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Native Sheep

Conservation of native animal genetic resource is vital to maintain genetic diversity sustainably and to cope with the future challenging climate change. Thus, the aim of this paper was to review the experience of sheep conservation practice in Turkey and future prospects in Ethiopia. In turkey, fifteen sheep types are extinct and other native sheep population decreased by 47% due to an unplanned crossbreeding program. For these reasons, sheep genetic resource ex-situ in vivo conservation project started in 1995 with three sheep breeds. The animal breeding law regarding registration of new breed and conservation of animal genetic resources was enacted in 2001 in Turkey. In-situ conservation subsidies of sheep breeds near to extinction have been continued since 2005. Following these events, in vitro conservation of germplasm of 13 sheep breeds have been initiated in 2007 and two gene banks have been established and thereby sperm, embryo, cell, and DNA of from each sheep breed conserved in the gene bank. Although they were successful in both in-situ and ex-situ conservations with some limitations, in-situ conserved sheep breeds had better productivity than ex-situ in vivo conserved sheep in Turkey. In the case of Ethiopia, in-situ conservation will be compatible with the existing infrastructure. Through balancing the genetic gain and inbreeding level, it is possible to integrate the existing community-based genetic improvement programs (with in breed selection) with sustainable in-situ conservation of native sheep genetic resources in Ethiopia.

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