scholarly journals Special Issue: MicroRNA Regulation in Health and Disease

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbaya Subramanian ◽  
Clifford J. Steer
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Microrna Regulation ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Health And Disease

Our understanding of non-coding RNA has significantly changed based on recent advances in genomics and molecular biology, and their role is recognized to include far more than a link between the sequence of DNA and synthesized proteins [...]

scholarly journals Editorial to Special Issue Molecular Biology of Selenium in Health and Disease

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 808
Author(s):  
Petra A. Tsuji ◽  
Dolph L. Hatfield
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Health And Disease

The selenium field expanded at a rapid rate for about 45 years, from the mid-1970’s until about 2015 (see [...]

scholarly journals It's an RNA world: a focus on recent advances in RNA biochemistry

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Sheila Graham
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Rna World ◽  
Enzymatic Catalysis ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
The Core ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Encoding Protein

RNA is a fascinating molecule. Its array of different properties is highlighted by our knowledge of the ribosome. RNA can have structural properties; for example, rRNA is the core of the ribosome. RNA can bind proteins; for example, rRNA–ribosomal protein interactions are used to build the protein translation machinery. Finally, RNA can display enzymatic catalysis. In the ribosome during translation, non-coding RNA carries out decoding (tRNA) and amino acid polymerization (rRNA). If this is not fascinating enough, the last decade or so has seen a considerable reassessment of the core of Francis Crick's ‘central dogma of molecular biology’ that states that RNA molecules (rRNAs, tRNAs and mRNAs) serve to drive protein synthesis, decode mRNAs or act as a templates encoding protein. Much of the upheaval in our understanding of RNA biology has come from deep mining of the human transcriptome by RNA sequencing (RNAseq) by next generation sequencing techniques. One of the most startling revelations from the wealth of new data provided by the ‘-omics’ revolution is that over 80% of the human genome encodes RNA, whereas only up to 2% encodes proteins. In other words, our genomes are largely RNA-coding. The discovery of the plethora of non-coding RNAs in our genomes has revolutionized molecular biology. These RNAs do not encode protein and, unlike rRNAs or tRNAs, most are not intimately linked to protein translation. In this edition of The Biochemist, we revisit recent advances in RNA research to reveal the broad scope of this hot topic in today's biochemistry and to spotlight some new areas of RNA research.

Neurochemistry of L-Glutamate Transport in the CNS: A Review of Thirty Years of Progress

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1315-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir J. Balcar ◽  
Akiko Takamoto ◽  
Yukio Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Glutamate Transport ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
System A ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Disease Analysis

The review highlights the landmark studies leading from the discovery and initial characterization of the Na+-dependent "high affinity" uptake in the mammalian brain to the cloning of individual transporters and the subsequent expansion of the field into the realm of molecular biology. When the data and hypotheses from 1970's are confronted with the recent developments in the field, we can conclude that the suggestions made nearly thirty years ago were essentially correct: the uptake, mediated by an active transport into neurons and glial cells, serves to control the extracellular concentrations of L-glutamate and prevents the neurotoxicity. The modern techniques of molecular biology may have provided additional data on the nature and location of the transporters but the classical neurochemical approach, using structural analogues of glutamate designed as specific inhibitors or substrates for glutamate transport, has been crucial for the investigations of particular roles that glutamate transport might play in health and disease. Analysis of recent structure/activity data presented in this review has yielded a novel insight into the pharmacological characteristics of L-glutamate transport, suggesting existence of additional heterogeneity in the system, beyond that so far discovered by molecular genetics. More compounds that specifically interact with individual glutamate transporters are urgently needed for more detailed investigations of neurochemical characteristics of glutamatergic transport and its integration into the glutamatergic synapses in the central nervous system. A review with 162 references.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Kinase Drug Discovery Part I: The Editors’ Take

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7560
Author(s):  
Julie A. Tucker ◽  
Mathew P. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Enzyme Family ◽  
Selection Of

This special issue on Advances in Kinase Drug Discovery provides a selection of research articles and topical reviews covering all aspects of drug discovery targeting the phosphotransferase enzyme family [...]

scholarly journals Special Issue: Advances in Computational Electromagnetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Valerio De Santis
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Magnetic Materials ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Computational Electromagnetics ◽  
Superconducting Materials ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Recent Advances

Recent advances in computational electromagnetics (CEMs) have made the full characterization of complex magnetic materials possible, such as superconducting materials, composite or nanomaterials, rare-earth free permanent magnets, etc [...]

scholarly journals Special Issue on “Recent Advances in Population Balance Modeling”

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Seyed Soheil Mansouri ◽  
Heiko Briesen ◽  
Krist V. Gernaey ◽  
Ingmar Nopens
Keyword(s):  
Population Balance ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Population Balance Modeling ◽  
Recent Advances

Population Balance Modeling (PBM) is a powerful modeling framework that allows the prediction of the dynamics of distributed properties of a population of individuals at the mesoscale [...]

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