scholarly journals DNA Barcode Reveals the Bycatch of Endangered Batoids Species in the Southwest Atlantic: Implications for Sustainable Fisheries Management and Conservation Efforts

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Lopes da Silva Ferrette ◽  
Rodrigo Rodrigues Domingues ◽  
Matheus Marcos Rotundo ◽  
Marina Provetti Miranda ◽  
Ingrid Vasconcellos Bunholi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Southwest Atlantic ◽  
Elasmobranch Species ◽  
Species Specific

Today, elasmobranchs are one the most threatened vertebrate groups worldwide. In fact, at least 90% of elasmobranch species are listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, while more than 40% are data-deficient. Although these vertebrates are mainly affected by unsustainable fishery activities, bycatch is also one of the major threats to sharks and batoids worldwide, and represents a challenge for both sustainable fishery management and for biodiversity and conservational efforts. Thus, in this study, DNA barcode methodology was used to identify the bycatch composition of batoid species from small-scale industrial fisheries in the southwest Atlantic and artisanal fisheries from southeast Brazil. A total of 228 individuals belonging to four Chondrichthyes orders, seven families, and at least 17 distinct batoid species were sequenced; among these individuals, 131 belonged to species protected in Brazil, 101 to globally threatened species, and some to species with trade restrictions provided by Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). These results highlight the impacts on marine biodiversity of bycatch by small-scale industrial and unmanaged artisanal fisheries from the southwest Atlantic, and support the implementation of DNA-based methodologies for species-specific identification in data-poor fisheries as a powerful tool for improving the quality of fisheries’ catch statistics and for keeping precise bycatch records.

scholarly journals Bycatch fauna of seabob shrimp trawl fisheries from Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Olinto Branco ◽  
Felipe Freitas Júnior ◽  
Martin Lindsey Christoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Southwest Atlantic ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Shrimp Trawl ◽  
Xiphopenaeus Kroyeri ◽  
Shrimp Fisheries

Marine communities in tropical regions contain a great diversity of species that play key roles in ecological processes. The observed bycatch fauna in artisanal fishing for the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) in the southwest Atlantic exceeds the quantity of commercial shrimp captured. This bycatch has not been previously inventoried extensively in Brazil, particularly in the State of Santa Catarina, where small-scale shrimp fisheries is a traditional activity and dominates the local fishing economy. Six municipalities were sampled three times a month, from 1996 to 2011, yielding 216 species belonging to the bycatch (7 cnidarians, 22 mollusks, 42 crustaceans, 11 echinoderms, and 134 fishes). Bycatch management is a pressing aspect of shrimp fisheries. By inventorying the accidental bycatch, we provide a preliminary step towards defining intervention measures to reduce or make better use of this bycatch in seabob artisanal fisheries. Conservation of marine biodiversity is still inadequate in Brazil. We have attempted to identify additional threats to vulnerable and endangered species resulting from shrimp trawling.

scholarly journals Application of eDNA method in the detection of Cordulegaster (Insecta: Odonata) species

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Fekete ◽  
Dominik Buchner ◽  
Florian Leese ◽  
Judit Padisák ◽  
Gábor Várbíró
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Dragonfly Species

The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the potential of eDNA techniques to detect the presence of the two dragonfly species Cordulegaster heros and Cordulegaster bidentata. Both species are classified as “near threatened” according to the IUCN Red List and are strictly protected in several countries. Monitoring these species with traditional sampling methods is often difficult, time-consuming and invasive. In this pilot study, we first collected tissue samples from C. heros and C. bidentata to sequence the traditional DNA-barcode gene fragment COI. We then collected further dragonfly COI sequences from BOLD to design species-specific primers. This, however, was impossible given the enormous variability of COI. Therefore, we refrained from species-specific eDNA assays and followed eDNA metabarcoding protocol using universal (BF2/BF2) and a newly designed dragonfly specific primer. For the evaluation of the method, we took water samples from places where Cordulegaster specimens are known to occur. After the extraction, we used two sequential PCR steps for obtaining the desired amplicon (two-step PCR) using universal primers in the first step, and group (dragonfly) specific primers or universal primers. Amplicons were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform and then analysed the data with the JAMP pipeline. With the newly designed primers and we could effectively detect the targeted dragonfly species from tissue samples, and also from filtered environmental samples. The detection of the species with the traditional method is time consuming and involves the destruction of the specimens. In comparison, with the eDNA method we could easily detect these near threatherned odonates and other dragonfly species in a non-invasive way.

scholarly journals Beyond Bycatch: The Species Diversity of Tonguesole (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae) in Coastal Fisheries of the Tanintharyi Region, Southern Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
IRIS SEGURA-GARCIA ◽  
SABAI SOE ◽  
NYO-NYO TUN ◽  
STEPHEN BOX
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Species Specific

Flatfishes in the family Cynoglossidae are an important coastal fishery in Myanmar. Due to the overlapping morphologies of multiple tonguesole species, caught both as bycatch from trawl fisheries and targeted specifically by small scale fishers, they are all marketed under a single local name, “khwayshar”. This presents a management challenge given the potential differences in the species-specific life-histories, population dynamics, fishing vulnerability and harvest rates. This study investigated the species diversity of tonguesole landings from coastal communities of the Tanintharyi Region of southern Myanmar. DNA barcoding was used to distinguish potentially 10 different species, of which five were identified to species level and five at the genus level. Unconfirmed genetic identifications were based on external morphology. The poor efficacy of DNA barcoding for tonguesole species identification resulted from the limited DNA barcode reference sequences available for the family Cynoglossidae in public databases. An asymmetric occurrence and relative abundance of the identified species in landing sites where samples were collected suggested that the most common species was Cynoglossus oligolepis (Bleeker, 1855), a new species record for Myanmar, followed by Cynoglossus lingua Hamilton, 1822. The results of the present study provide new information to characterise the tonguesole fishery as a first step in the development of management plans for the coastal fishery in Myanmar.

scholarly journals Fisheries Sustainability through Soft Multi-Use Maritime Spatial Planning and Local Development Co-Management: Potentials and Challenges in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Sofia I. Kyvelou ◽  
Dimitrios G. Ierapetritis
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Maritime Spatial Planning

Small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean represent a significant part of the fisheries industry and their substantial social, economic and place attachment related role has always been acknowledged in the region. Despite the fact that this usually family-based endeavor has a vast economic impact on coastal and island communities of the sea-basin, data and insights on the Mediterranean artisanal fisheries continue to be inadequately developed and poorly integrated in the local development strategies. Thus, the aim of this research is two-fold. Firstly, it presents some data and facts on the fisheries sector in the region and secondly it explores the options of their survival, prosperity and sustainability, approaching the combination of fisheries and tourism as a small-scale and soft “multi-use” in the marine space. Greece, with a huge potential in both the fisheries and the tourism sector, was used as focus area where a co-development process was designed aiming to identify advantages/potentials and challenges/disadvantages of the co-existence of artisanal fisheries and tourism, as perceived by a series of stakeholders including the co-management schemes (Fisheries Local Action Groups, FLAGs) in the country. Key conclusion is that sustainable livelihood from small-scale fisheries depends on the correlation between fisheries and other marine activities. Despite some limitations, this can boost sustainable local development and be a unique pattern of a “win-win” and soft multi-use marine spatial planning (MSP), with economic, environmental, social, cultural and governance related benefits for the coastal communities.

scholarly journals The Benefits of Combining Global and Local Data—A Showcase for Valuation and Mapping of Mangrove Climate Regulation and Food Provisioning Services within a Protected Area in Pará, North Brazil

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Robin Gutting ◽  
Ralf-Uwe Syrbe ◽  
Karsten Grunewald ◽  
Ulf Mehlig ◽  
Véronique Helfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Food Provisioning ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Climate Regulation ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Species Specific

Mangrove forests provide a large variety of ecosystem services (ES) to coastal societies. Using a case study focusing on the Ajuruteua peninsula in Northern Brazil and two ES, food provisioning (ES1) and global climate regulation (ES2), this paper proposes a new framework for quantifying and valuing mangrove ES and allow for their small-scale mapping. We modelled and spatialised the two ES from different perspectives, the demand (ES1) and the supply (ES2) side respectively. This was performed by combining worldwide databases related to the global human population (ES1) or mangrove distribution and canopy height (ES2) with locally derived parameters, such as crab catches (ES1) or species-specific allometric equations based on local estimates of tree structural parameters (ES2). Based on this approach, we could estimate that the area delivers the basic nutrition of about 1400 households, which equals 2.7 million USD, and that the mangrove biomass in the area contains 2.1 million Mg C, amounting to 50.9 million USD, if it were paid as certificates. In addition to those figures, we provide high-resolution maps showing which areas are more valuable for the two respective ES, information that could help inform management strategies in the future.

scholarly journals Forecast of International Trade of Lithium Carbonate Products in Importing Countries and Small-Scale Exporting Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1251
Author(s):  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
Zhiliang Dong ◽  
Sen Liu ◽  
Peixiang Jiang ◽  
Cuizhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Structure Of Trade

As the raw material of lithium-ion batteries, lithium carbonate plays an important role in the development of new energy field. Due to the extremely uneven distribution of lithium resources in the world, the security of supply in countries with less say would be greatly threatened if trade restrictions or other accidents occurred in large-scale exporting countries. It is of great significance to help these countries find new partners based on the existing trade topology. This study uses the link prediction method, based on the perspective of the topological structure of trade networks in various countries and trade rules, and eliminates the influence of large-scale lithium carbonate exporting countries on the lithium carbonate trade of other countries, to find potential lithium carbonate trade links among importing and small-scale exporting countries, and summarizes three trade rules: (1) in potential relationships involving two net importers, a relationship involving either China or the Netherlands is more likely to occur; (2) for all potential relationships, a relationship that actually occurred for more than two years in the period in 2009–2018 is more likely to occur in the future; and (3) potential relationships pairing a net exporter with a net importer are more likely to occur than other country combinations. The results show that over the next five to six years, Denmark and Italy, Netherlands and South Africa, Turkey and USA are most likely to have a lithium carbonate trading relationship, while Slovenia and USA, and Belgium and Thailand are the least likely to trade lithium carbonate. Through this study, we can strengthen the supply security of lithium carbonate resources in international trade, and provide international trade policy recommendations for the governments of importing countries and small-scale exporting countries.

scholarly journals Conservation Status of Marine Biodiversity in Oceania: An Analysis of Marine Species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Polidoro ◽  
Cristiane T. Elfes ◽  
Jonnell C. Sanciangco ◽  
Helen Pippard ◽  
Kent E. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Conservation Action

Given the economic and cultural dependence on the marine environment in Oceania and a rapidly expanding human population, many marine species populations are in decline and may be vulnerable to extinction from a number of local and regional threats. IUCN Red List assessments, a widely used system for quantifying threats to species and assessing species extinction risk, have been completed for 1190 marine species in Oceania to date, including all known species of corals, mangroves, seagrasses, sea snakes, marine mammals, sea birds, sea turtles, sharks, and rays present in Oceania, plus all species in five important perciform fish groups. Many of the species in these groups are threatened by the modification or destruction of coastal habitats, overfishing from direct or indirect exploitation, pollution, and other ecological or environmental changes associated with climate change. Spatial analyses of threatened species highlight priority areas for both site- and species-specific conservation action. Although increased knowledge and use of newly available IUCN Red List assessments for marine species can greatly improve conservation priorities for marine species in Oceania, many important fish groups are still in urgent need of assessment.

Development of DNA Barcode and Species-Specific Markers forHelopeltis antoniiSignoret andPachypeltis maesarum(Kirkaldy) (Heteroptera: Miridae), Pests of Cashew in India

2012 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
R. Asokan ◽  
K. B. Rebijith ◽  
N. K. Krishna Kumar ◽  
K. K. Srikumar ◽  
P. Shivarama Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Coping with abrupt environmental change: the impact of the coastal El Niño 2017 on artisanal fisheries and mariculture in North Peru

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1122-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Clara Kluger ◽  
Sophia Kochalski ◽  
Arturo Aguirre-Velarde ◽  
Ivonne Vivar ◽  
Matthias Wolff
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Coastal El Niño

Abstract In February and March 2017, a coastal El Niño caused extraordinary heavy rains and a rise in water temperatures along the coast of northern Peru. In this work, we document the impacts of this phenomenon on the artisanal fisheries and the scallop aquaculture sector, both of which represent important socio-economic activities for the province of Sechura. Despite the perceived absence of effective disaster management and rehabilitation policies, resource users opted for a wide range of different adaptation strategies and are currently striving towards recovery. One year after the event, the artisanal fisheries fleet has returned to operating almost on a normal scale, while the aquaculture sector is still drastically impacted, with many people continuing to work in different economic sectors and even in other regions of the country. Recovery of the social-ecological system of Sechura likely depends on the occurrence of scallop seed and the financial capacity of small-scale producers to reinitiate scallop cultures. Long-term consequences of this coastal El Niño are yet to be studied, though the need to develop trans-local and trans-sectoral management strategies for coping with disturbance events of this scale is emphasized.

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