scholarly journals Preparation and Biocompatibility of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA)-Mesoporous Bioactive Glass (MBG) Composite Scaffolds

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Irina Atkinson ◽  
Ana Maria Seciu-Grama ◽  
Oana Catalina Mocioiu ◽  
Ana Maria Mocioiu ◽  
Luminita Predoana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass ◽  
Scanning Electron

In recent years, the rising number of bone diseases which affect millions of people worldwide has led to an increased demand for materials with restoring and augmentation properties that can be used in therapies for bone pathologies. In this work, PMMA- MBG composite scaffolds containing ceria (0, 1, 3 mol%) were obtained by the phase separation method. The obtained composite scaffolds were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. UV–Vis measurement and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of cerium ions in the composite scaffolds. Evaluation of the in-vitro biocompatibility using MTT assay showed that composite scaffold containing 1 mol% of ceria presented higher viability than control cells (100%) for concentrations ranging between 5 and 50% after 96 h of incubation.

scholarly journals Development of an Oxcarbazepine Solid Dispersion Using Skimmed Milk to Improve the Solubility and Dissolution Profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shah ◽  
D. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Skimmed Milk ◽  
Scanning Electron

Oxcarbazepine has low solubility and low oral bioavailability, so it’s a challenge to formulate suitable dosage form. In this present investigation, to improve the dissolution rate and solubility, skimmed milk is used as a carrier. Physical mixers were prepared using various drugs to carrier ratio and spray drying technology was used to develop solid dispersion with the carrier. Various techniques were used to characterize the solid dispersion immediately after they were made which includes differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infra- red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and in-vitro dissolution profiles. The differential scanning calorimetry thermograms of raw drug indicated of its anhydrous crystalline nature. In thermograms of solid dispersion, the characteristic peak was absent suggesting the change from crystalline nature to amorphous form. X-ray diffraction confirmed those results. X-ray diffraction results of raw drug showed highly intense peak characteristic of its crystalline nature where solid dispersion showed less intense, more diffused peak indicating the change in crystalline form. Fourier transforms infra-red spectroscopy studies showed there was no interaction between drug and carrier. Scanning electron microscopy support the amorphous nature of mixer. The whole formulation showed distinct enhancement in the drug release behavior and solubility. The optimum oxcarbazepine to skimmed milk ratio 1:3 enhances the in-vitro drug release by 3.5 fold and also show distinct increase in solubility. It was concluded that for improvement of solubility of poorly water soluble oxcarbazepine, skimmed milk powder as a carrier can be utilize very well.

Bioactive Composite Materials for Bone Tissue Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 985-989
Author(s):  
B.J.M. Leite Ferreira ◽  
M.G.G.M. Duarte ◽  
M. Helena Gil ◽  
Rui N. Correia ◽  
J. Román ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Bioactivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Scanning Electron

Two materials with potential application in bone tissue repair have been developed: 1) a non-biodegradable composite based in a new methacrylic-co-acrylic matrix; and 2) a biodegradable composite based in a chitosan (Ch) matrix. Both matrices were reinforced with glass-ceramic particles of composition (mol%) 70 SiO2 – 30 CaO. The in vitro bioactivity of composites was assessed by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for periods of up to 7 days at 37º C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used for deposit identification after different soaking periods. Calcium phosphate particulate deposits were detected after 3 days of immersion, followed by growth and maturation towards apatite.

Characterization of Hydroxyapatite-Titanium Oxide Scaffolds Made by the Polymeric Sponge Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1113-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G.S. Galdino ◽  
Cecília A.C. Zavaglia
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Bone Reconstruction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyurethane Sponge ◽  
Scanning Electron

Along decades, bioceramics have been used as materials for bone reconstruction, where hydroxyapatite is one of the most used bioceramics. But hydroxyapatite mechanical strength is not so high when compared with another bioceramics. This research aimed to characterize hydroxyapatite-titanium oxide scaffolds with different compositions. Samples were made using a polyurethane sponge with compositions of 70%-30% wt., 60%-40% wt. and 50%-50% wt. of hydroxyapatite-titanium oxide, calcined at 550°C for burning the polymeric sponge and sintered at 1250°C, 1300°C and 1350°C. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results showed that all compositions maintained the polymeric sponge pores structure without any residual traces of the polymeric sponge. Those results are in accordance with technical literature and it is indicated to do in vitro essays to study the scaffolds biocompatibility for using as bone reconstruction materials.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc Oxide nanoparticals preparation from Zinc Sulphate (ZnSo4) against gram negative or gram positive microorganisms in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Khitam S. S
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Scanning Electron

     This research aims to prepare ZnO NPs by using chemical bath deposition way from ZnSO4 and NaOH as starting materials. It was examined by X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Zeta potential and Fourier Transformation Infrared. Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed various morphological changes of ZnO nanoparticles obtained by the above method and the different magnification Scanning Electron Microscopy images of the nanoparticle and confirms that the Nano flowers are grown with well-defined morphology and diameters varying between 60-110 nm. The effect of Zinc oxide nanoparticles against bacteria staphylococcus aureus, E.coli and Pseudomous aeruginosa showed the ability of this substance to inhibit the growth of all types of bacteria in different concentrations. The percentage of survival bacteria was (2, 3.7 and 6%) for E.coli bacteria and (1, 1.5 and 5 %) for Pseudomous aeruginosa bacteria, while the percentage was (0.8, 1 and 1.5 %) for staphylococcus aurous respectively for all concentration.

Effect of Simulated Body Fluid on the Microstructure of Ferrimagnetic Bioglass-Ceramics

2004 ◽  
Vol 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Papanearchou ◽  
Th. Leventouri ◽  
A. C. Kis ◽  
A. Hotiu ◽  
I. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Series ◽  
Structure And Microstructure ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe effect of simulated body fluid (SBF) on the structure and microstructure of ferrimagnetic bioglass ceramics (FBC) was investigated in series of samples in the system of the oxides [0.45(CaO, P2O5) (0.52-x)SiO2 xFe2O3 0.03Na2O], with X = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20. Physical properties of the materials were studied as a function of processing parameters and time of immersion in SBF by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The in vitro experiment showed that bioactivity of the FBC varies with the composition of the oxides, heat treatment, and time of exposure in SBF in a non-systematic way. A surface layer of Si, P, Ca partially covers the Fe, O dendrites, while formation and size of pores is determined by the specific processing parameters of the materials.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

Environmental scanning electron microscopy of fresh human gallstones reveals new morphologies of precipitated calcium salts

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1322-1323
Author(s):  
Howard S. Kaufman ◽  
Keith D. Lillemoe ◽  
John T. Mastovich ◽  
Henry A. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ca Carbonate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Gallstones contain precipitated cholesterol, calcium salts, and proteins. Calcium (Ca) bilirubinate, palmitate, phosphate, and carbonate occurring in gallstones have variable morphologies but characteristic windowless energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectra. Previous studies of gallstone microstructure and composition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX have been limited to dehydrated samples. In this state, Ca bilirubinates appear as either glassy masses, which predominate in black pigment stones, or as clusters, which are found mostly in cholesterol gallstones. The three polymorphs of Ca carbonate, calcite, vaterite, and aragonite, have been identified in gallstones by x-ray diffraction, however; the morphologies of these crystals vary in the literature. The purpose of this experiment was to study fresh gallstones by environmental SEM (ESEM) to determine if dehydration affects gallstone Ca salt morphology.Gallstones and bile were obtained fresh at cholecystectomy from 6 patients. To prevent dehydration, stones were stored in bile at 37°C. All samples were studied within 4 days of procurement.

Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 synthesized by anodization and anodic spark deposition

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (61) ◽  
pp. 3141-3152
Author(s):  
Alma C. Chávez-Mejía ◽  
Génesis Villegas-Suárez ◽  
Paloma I. Zaragoza-Sánchez ◽  
Rafael Magaña-López ◽  
Julio C. Morales-Mejía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Amorphous Solids ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Anodic Spark Oxidation ◽  
Porous Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractSeveral photocatalysts, based on titanium dioxide, were synthesized by spark anodization techniques and anodic spark oxidation. Photocatalytic activity was determined by methylene blue oxidation and the catalytic activities of the catalysts were evaluated after 70 hours of reaction. Scanning Electron Microscopy and X Ray Diffraction analysis were used to characterize the catalysts. The photocatalyst prepared with a solution of sulfuric acid and 100 V presented the best performance in terms of oxidation of the dye (62%). The electric potential during the synthesis (10 V, low potential; 100 V, high potential) affected the surface characteristics: under low potential, catalyst presented smooth and homogeneous surfaces with spots (high TiO2 concentration) of amorphous solids; under low potential, catalyst presented porous surfaces with crystalline solids homogeneously distributed.

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