scholarly journals Games with Adaptation and Mitigation

Games ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Natali Hritonenko ◽  
Victoria Hritonenko ◽  
Yuri Yatsenko
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Optimal Ratio ◽  
Pollution Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Developing Area ◽  
Adaptation Investments ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation ◽  
Nonlinear Game

We formulate and study a nonlinear game of n symmetric countries that produce, pollute, and spend part of their revenue on pollution mitigation and environmental adaptation. The optimal emission, adaptation, and mitigation investments are analyzed in both Nash equilibrium and cooperative cases. Modeling assumptions and outcomes are compared to other publications in this fast-developing area of environmental economics. In particular, our analysis implies that: (a) mitigation is more effective than adaptation in a crowded multi-country world; (b) mitigation increases the effectiveness of adaptation; (c) the optimal ratio between mitigation and adaptation investments in the competitive case is larger for more productive countries and is smaller when more countries are involved in the game.

MODELING OF ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTATION: AMENITY VERSUS PRODUCTIVITY AND MODERNIZATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350006 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALI HRITONENKO ◽  
YURI YATSENKO
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
Adaptation Investments

We develop an aggregated model to study rational environmental adaptation policies that compensate negative consequences of climate change. The model distinguishes three categories of adaptation measures that (a) compensate the decrease of environmental amenity value, (b) compensate the decrease of total productivity, (c) develop and introduce new hazard-protected capital and technology. We analyze the optimal balance among consumption, capital investment, and different categories of adaptation investments under exogenous climate change. It appears that the climate change damage and subsequent adaptation do not lead to a higher level of capital modernization in the long run as compared to the benchmark case with no climate change. A synergism between productivity-related and amenity-related adaptation activities arises because the productivity-related adaptation positively impacts the economy and creates better possibilities for the amenity adaptation.

scholarly journals Four key reasons why climate change adaptation and mitigation need a gendered approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Sarrouy ◽  
Carla Sarrouy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Climate change is having a growing impact on every human activity, especially on agriculture with altered rainfall patterns and an increased number and intensity of extreme weather events. This article argues that efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change must consider whole food systems – rather than the sole production of food – whilst embracing a conscious gendered approach. Women are the main victims of hunger, but they are also the main actors of global food systems, they greatly contribute to their household’s and community’s wellbeing and detain a rich and often untapped knowledge of food systems. Promoting the role of women in our global food systems enhances the inclusion of criteria mainly valued by women such as resilience, diversity and nutrition, which are paramount for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Photo credit: By OxFam East Africa [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

scholarly journals Transnational Municipal Networks as a Mechanism for Marine Governance Toward Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation: Between Potential and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Dumała ◽  
Michał Łuszczuk ◽  
Joanna Piwowarczyk ◽  
Tymon Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Marine Governance ◽  
Municipal Networks ◽  
Leadership Group ◽  
Spatial Identity ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Many municipalities undertake actions individually and/or collectively, in cooperation with central administrations, regional authorities, the private sector, and other municipalities (both nationally and internationally). This paper aims to examine how they use transnational municipal networks (TMNs) as a tool for cooperation that supports marine governance in the context of climate change adaptation and mitigation. The analysis is carried out at two dimensions: spatial range (global or regional) and spatial identity (coastal or inland). Three case studies of TMNs are examined in detail: the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group (C40); Connecting Delta Cities (CDC) and the Union of Baltic Cities (UBC). As research has shown, due to their organizational and normative limitations and a lack of maturity in ocean literacy, TMNs are not able to fully engage in all the activities related to climate change adaptation and mitigation as suggested by the UNEP. The TMNs implement both mitigation and adaptation measures, although ‘soft’ mitigation actions seem to be the most common. While the scale and innovativeness of a networks’ operation are determined by their specificity resulting from their spatial identity, the effectiveness of jointly developed strategies and actions depend heavily on the allocation of human resources and the level of commitment of the involved cities toward becoming leaders.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impacts on Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment-Adaptation and Mitigation Options in Marine Hot Spots in Kerala, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 180-199
Author(s):  
Shyam S. Salim ◽  
R. Narayanakumar ◽  
R. Remya ◽  
P. K. Safeena ◽  
M. Ramees Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
The South ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
South West ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Climate change, a global challenge facing mankind necessitates governments to develop mitigation and adaptation plans. The climate change has multidimensional impacts on environment, fishery, social, economic and development drivers.  Climate change hot spots –can be defined as the ‘live labs’ where the manifestation of the climate change impacts is observed “first”. The South west India has been recognised as one among the twenty four hot spot regions identified globally. The present paper assessed the climate change vulnerability of over 800 fisher households in two major fishing villages of Kerala from the south west hotspot regions of India. Exposure (E), Sensitivity (S) and Adaptive Capacity (AC) are the pertinent factors that determine the vulnerability of households which were captured using a structured household questionnaire. One ninety eight  indicators were identified in the construction of vulnerability indices of which 37 related to sensitivity, 36 related to exposure and the other 125 indicators dealt with adaptive capacity. The overall vulnerability of the regions was assessed and the analysis revealed that the Poonthura village of Kerala was more vulnerable when compared to Elamkunnapuzha. The coastal population on their vulnerability scores were categorised into low, moderate, high and very high based on score values and geo-spatial analysis was attempted.  The results revealed that majority of fisher households in both villages were highly vulnerable to climate change, which is a major cause of concern. The study advocates the need for a bottom up approach with the proactive participation of the fishers in developing location specific adaptation and mitigation plans to ensure the livelihood of the fishers and the sustainable development of the fisheries sector in the climate change regime.

scholarly journals Accounting for adaptation and its effectiveness in International Environmental Agreements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Furini ◽  
Francesco Bosello
Keyword(s):  
International Environmental Agreements ◽  
Environmental Agreements ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Strategic Complements ◽  
Marginal Benefit ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Reaction Functions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

AbstractThis paper analyses, within a standard International Environmental Agreement game, the effect of the introduction of adaptation on climate negotiation. The model expands the existing literature by considering a double relation between the two strategies. The common assumption that higher mitigation decreases the marginal benefit of adaptation and vice versa is enriched allowing for the possibility that mitigation, leading to lower and more manageable damages, determines a greater effectiveness of adaptive measures. We find the possibility for adaptation and mitigation to be strategic complements and not, as commonly believed, substitutes. Yet, as already known from the literature, the presence of adaptation can determine upward-sloping mitigation reaction functions regardless of the strategic relationship between mitigation and adaptation. When this is the case, the grand coalition can form. Nonetheless, large participation can induce substantive welfare gains only if adaptation and mitigation are strategic complements.

scholarly journals Modeling of Environmental Adaptation versus Pollution Mitigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yatsenko ◽  
N. Hritonenko ◽  
T. Bréchet
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Pollution Mitigation

Integrating LCLM feedbacks into climate models: an emulator approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Nath ◽  
Quentin Lejeune ◽  
Lea Beusch ◽  
Carl Schleussner ◽  
Sonia I. Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Climate Feedbacks ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Global Mean ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

<p>The role of Land Cover and Land Management (LCLM) changes in shaping the climate has garnered increasing interest, particularly in light of its potential for climate adaptation and mitigation. Earth System Models (ESMs), however, have hitherto handled LCLM-climate interactions as a unidirectional process, lacking explicit treatment of LCLM-Climate feedbacks. Consequences of these feedbacks nevertheless hold social relevance, affecting agricultural systems, food provision and prices. Furthermore, LCLM can be linked to extreme climate events such as heat waves and drought, which in turn carry economic costs through loss in worker productivity. It is thus essential to integrate LCLM processes and their feedbacks into ESMs, in order to build consistent storylines for future development pathways that take into account their potential for adaptation and mitigation. Moreover, to ensure robustness in the detected LCLM signals, such integration should be done over a range of ESMs.</p><p>Emulators represent a computationally cheap but effective way of approximating ESMs. Here we outline an emulator approach to represent LCLM-Climate feedbacks based on a framework developed by Beusch et al. (2019). This framework provides spatially explicit data by translating annual global mean temperatures into local temperatures and can be extended to use for other relevant variables. The emulator is developed as part of the LAnd MAnagement for CLImate Mitigation and Adaptation (LAMACLIMA) project, and is trained on dedicated ESM simulations that isolate the effects of key land management practices focussed on by LAMACLIMA: irrigation, de/reforestation and wood. Variables considered include temperature, evapotranspiration, runoff, crop yields, carbon storage and heat stress. Besides providing spatially explicit representation of these variables, the emulator also allows flexibility in prescribing land-use scenarios under which their responses are explored.</p><p>Beusch, L. Gudmundsson, and S. I. Seneviratne: Emulating Earth System Model Temperatures: from Global Mean Temperature Trajectories to Grid-point Level Realizations on Land, doi: 10.5194/esd-2019-34, 2019 (accepted for ESD).</p>

scholarly journals A Narrative Policy Framework Solution to Understanding Climate Change Framing Research

10.15788/npf9 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Allen Wolters ◽  
◽  
Michael D. Jones ◽  
Kathryn Duvall ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Utilization ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Narrative Policy Framework ◽  
First Time ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

The climate change framing literature is vast. So much so that researchers—whether seasoned framing scholars or those foraying into climate change framing research for the first time—can easily be overwhelmed by the sheer volume of studies, the vast array of concepts deployed, the variation in how these same concepts are operationalized, the nuance of a barely numerable assortment of contexts, and the effects all of the aforementioned have on interpreting findings. Here we offer a synthetic review of said literature, focusing on adaptation and mitigation framing studies and findings. In so doing, we first briefly distill the overall developmental arc of climate change framing research. We then provide a conventionally styled thematic overview of the mitigation and adaptation climate change studies. Among other conclusions, we find that while there has been a proliferation of climate change framing research, the findings and the studies themselves are often quite disparate from one another. Moreover, as the literature speaks to itself intermittently and in an ad hoc fashion, it is not readily apparent how climate change framing studies holistically fit together. As a solution to this problem, we offer the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) as a narrative heuristic to help climate change researchers and communicators organize and understand the literature. We argue that an NPF integration of this inherently unwieldy literature increases the likelihood of research utilization and improves the ability of climate change communicators to inform people about the risks of climate change.

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