scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Zingiber officinale roscoe and Allium subhirsutum: In Silico, Biochemical and Histological Study

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Nourhene Zammel ◽  
Mohd Saeed ◽  
Nouha Bouali ◽  
Salem Elkahoui ◽  
Jahoor M. Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Docking Simulation ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Zingiber officinale roscoe and Allium subhirsutum aqueous extracts were examined in a carrageenan-induced acute inflammation model. Some markers of inflammation such as hematological parameters, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were measured. Variables reflecting oxidative stress included thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation of protein products (AOPP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione were determined in both inflamed foci and erythrocytes. The in silico molecular docking simulation showed that the main components of Zingiber officinale roscoe and Allium subhirsutum bound to toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) with high affinities. Moreover, histological examinations of paw edema were carried out. Both Zingiber officinale roscoe and Allium subhirsutum ameliorated the induced inflammation and oxidative stress status as outlined by anti-edematous, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Our investigation lends pharmacological support to the medical uses of these spices in the management of inflammatory disorders and oxidative damage. The results of the in silico assay satisfactory explain the in vivo effects as compared with indomethacin.

scholarly journals Canthin-6-one ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis in rats by modulating inflammation and oxidative stress. An in vivo and in silico approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingos Tabajara Martins ◽  
Karuppusamy Arunachalam ◽  
Amilcar Sabino Damazo ◽  
Antonio Macho ◽  
Monica Steffi Matchado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background and Purpose: Canthin-6-one (Cant) is an indole alkaloid found in different medicinal plants, reported to be gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diarrheal and anti-proliferative. We aimed to explore Cant in the management of ulcerative colitis (UC) using a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced rat model. Experimental Approach: Cant (1, 5 and 25 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage to Wistar rats followed by induction of colitis with TNBS. Macroscopic and histopathological scores, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were assessed in colon tissues. Pro- (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-12p70) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also quantified. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) and Toll-like receptor-8 (TLR8), as putative targets, were considered through in silico analysis. Key Results: Cant (5 and 25 mg/kg) reduced macroscopic and histological colon damage scores in TNBS-treated rats. MPO and MDA were reduced by up to 61.69% and 92.45%, respectively, compared to TNBS-treated rats alone. Glutathione concentration was reduced in rats administered with TNBS alone (50.00% of sham group), being restored to 72.73% (of sham group) under Cant treatment. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12p70 and VEGF were reduced, and anti-inflammatory IL-10 was increased following Cant administration compared to rats administered TNBS alone. Docking ligation results for MAPK14 (p38α) and TLR8 with Cant, confirmed that these proteins are feasible putative targets. Conclusions and Implications: Cant has an anti-inflammatory effect in the intestine by down-regulating immune molecular mediators and decreasing oxidative stress. Therefore, Cant could have therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and related syndromes.

scholarly journals Benefits of Ginger and Its Constituent 6-Shogaol in Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Iris Bischoff-Kont ◽  
Robert Fürst
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Mediator Systems ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is widely used as medicinal plant. According to the Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC), dried powdered ginger rhizome can be applied for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in motion sickness (well-established use). Beyond this, a plethora of pre-clinical studies demonstrated anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, or anti-inflammatory actions. 6-Shogaol is formed from 6-gingerol by dehydration and represents one of the main bioactive principles in dried ginger rhizomes. 6-Shogaol is characterized by a Michael acceptor moiety being reactive with nucleophiles. This review intends to compile important findings on the actions of 6-shogaol as an anti-inflammatory compound: in vivo, 6-shogaol inhibited leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue accompanied with reduction of edema swelling. In vitro and in vivo, 6-shogaol reduced inflammatory mediator systems such as COX-2 or iNOS, affected NFκB and MAPK signaling, and increased levels of cytoprotective HO-1. Interestingly, certain in vitro studies provided deeper mechanistic insights demonstrating the involvement of PPAR-γ, JNK/Nrf2, p38/HO-1, and NFκB in the anti-inflammatory actions of the compound. Although these studies provide promising evidence that 6-shogaol can be classified as an anti-inflammatory substance, the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Moreover, conclusive clinical data for anti-inflammatory actions of 6-shogaol are largely lacking.

scholarly journals Comprehensive In Vivo and In Silico Approaches to Explore the Hepatoprotective Activity of Poncirin Against the Paracetamol Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadayat Ullah ◽  
Ashrafullah Khan ◽  
Alaa Alnoor Alameen ◽  
Faten Abdullah Alaqil ◽  
Yousif Salah Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Computational Approaches

Abstract Purpose: In the present study, the Poncirin was evaluated against the Paracetamol-induced liver injury using in vivo and computational approaches. Methods: The Paracetamol was administered intraperitoneally to establish the liver injury in mice and subsequently, to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of the Poncirin on the liver injury. The effect of the Poncirin was evaluated against the liver injury markers and inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, in the present study the antioxidants and oxidative stress parameters were also assessed following paracetamol-induced liver injury. The histological studies following liver injury was also assessed using H and E staining, Masson’s trichrome staining, and periodic acid Schiff staining. Results: The Poncirin markedly improved the antioxidant enzymes, while attenuated the oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines. The Poncirin also markedly improved hematological parameters and electrolytes profile. Furthermore, the Poncirin treatment significantly improved the histological parameters using H and E staining, Masson’s trichrome and PAS staining compared to the control. The Poncirin treatment also improved the liver function tests and liver synthetic activity compared to Paracetamol treated group. The immunohistochemistry analysis revealed significant decrease in the inflammatory signaling protein such as NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells), JNK (Jun N-terminal Kinase) and COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) expression level compared to the Paracetamol treated group. The in silico approach was also used to analyze the potential activity and explore the underlying molecular mechanism of Poncirin. Conclusion: The Poncirin improved the sign and symptoms associated with the liver injury using both in vivo and computational approaches.

scholarly journals Canthin-6-one ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis in rats by modulating inflammation and oxidative stress. An in vivo and in silico approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 114490
Author(s):  
Karuppusamy Arunachalam ◽  
Amilcar Sabino Damazo ◽  
Antonio Macho ◽  
Monica Steffi Matchado ◽  
Eduarda Pavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
In Silico ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Investigation of indole functionalized pyrazoles and oxadiazoles as anti-inflammatory agents: synthesis, in-vivo, in-vitro and in-silico analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 105068
Author(s):  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Ravi Ranjan Kumar ◽  
Shelly Pathania ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Sourav Kalra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Silico Analysis

scholarly journals GLP-1 Analog Liraglutide Improves Vascular Function in Polymicrobial Sepsis by Reduction of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1175
Author(s):  
Johanna Helmstädter ◽  
Karin Keppeler ◽  
Franziska Aust ◽  
Leonie Küster ◽  
Katie Frenis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Polymicrobial Sepsis ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Sepsis causes high mortality in the setting of septic shock. LEADER and other trials revealed cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs like liraglutide (Lira). We previously demonstrated improved survival in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia by inhibition of GLP-1 degradation. Here we investigate the effects of Lira in the polymicrobial sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with Lira (200 µg/kg/d; 3 days) and sepsis induced by CLP after one day of GLP-1 analog treatment. Survival and body temperature were monitored. Aortic vascular function (isometric tension recording), protein expression (immunohistochemistry and dot blot) and gene expression (qRT-PCR) were determined. Endothelium-dependent relaxation in the aorta was impaired by CLP and correlated with markers of inflammation (e.g., interleukin 6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase) and oxidative stress (e.g., 3-nitrotyrosine) was higher in septic mice, all of which was almost completely normalized by Lira therapy. We demonstrate that the GLP-1 analog Lira ameliorates sepsis-induced endothelial dysfunction by the reduction of vascular inflammation and oxidative stress. Accordingly, the findings suggest that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 analogs may be a valuable tool to protect the cardiovascular system from dysbalanced inflammation in polymicrobial sepsis.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Mahonia aquifolium Flower and Fruit Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra-Diana Andreicut ◽  
Alina Elena Pârvu ◽  
Augustin Cătălin Mot ◽  
Marcel Pârvu ◽  
Eva Fischer Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mahonia Aquifolium ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Oxidative stress and inflammation are interlinked processes. The aim of the study was to perform a phytochemical analysis and to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic Mahonia aquifolium flower (MF), green fruit (MGF), and ripe fruit (MRF) extracts. Plant extract chemical composition was evaluated by HLPC. A DPPH test was used for the in vitro antioxidant activity. The in vivo antioxidant effects and the anti-inflammatory potential were tested on a rat turpentine oil-induced inflammation, by measuring serum nitric oxide (NOx) and TNF-alpha, total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant reactivity (TAR), oxidative stress index (OSI), 3-nitrothyrosine (3NT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total thiols (SH). Extracts were administrated orally in three dilutions (100%, 50%, and 25%) for seven days prior to inflammation. The effects were compared to diclofenac. The HPLC polyphenol and alkaloid analysis revealed chlorogenic acid as the most abundant compound. All extracts had a good in vitro antioxidant activity, decreased NOx, TOS, and 3NT, and increased SH. TNF-alpha was reduced, and TAR increased only by MF and MGF. MDA was not influenced. Our findings suggest that M. aquifolium has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that support the use in primary prevention of the inflammatory processes.

Design and Synthesis of Novel Ibuprofen Derivatives as Selective COX-2 inhibitors and potential anti-inflammatory agents: Evaluation of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6 and histopathological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Amir Halim ◽  
Hala Bakr El-Nassan ◽  
Yara Sayed El-Dash
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Docking Simulation ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Acid Moiety ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: The reported binding mode of ibuprofen in the COX-2 binding site indicated that the carboxylic group binds with Arg-120 and Tyr-355 at the entrance of the cyclooxygenase channel and does not extend into the pocket. This accounted for the non-selectivity of ibuprofen. Based on this fact, we assumed that extending the length of the carboxylic acid moiety in ibuprofen and adding more bulky rigid groups as well as bulky groups carrying H-bonding functions might increase the selectivity and reduce the side effects of ibuprofen while maintaining its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Objective: In this work, four series of ibuprofen derivatives were designed and prepared. The compounds were designed by increasing the length of the carboxylate group along with the incorporation of large hydrophobic groups. Method: Four series of ibuprofen derivatives were synthesized starting from ibuprofen. Their chemical structure was confirmed by spectral data. All the compounds were tested for their COX inhibitory activity. Results : The best COX-2 activity and selectivity were obtained with compounds 5c and 5d, which were subjected to further in vivo testing (carrageenan-induced paw edema, rat serum PGE2, TNF- α and IL-6, hot plate latency test) to investigate their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities as well as their effects on the gastric mucosa. The anti-inflammatory activity of both compounds was comparable to that of ibuprofen, diclofenac, and indomethacin. Both compounds suppressed the production of PGE2 as well as the rat serum concentrations of both TNF-α and IL-6. This potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic behavior was not accompanied by any effect on the gastric mucosa. Docking simulation studies of the two compounds explained the higher selectivity for the COX-2 enzyme. Conclusion: Potent and selective ibuprofen derivatives can be successively obtained by extending the length of the carboxylic acid moiety in ibuprofen and adding more bulky rigid groups as well as bulky groups with H-bonding functions.

scholarly journals Riboflavin Supplementation in Patients with Crohn’s Disease [the RISE-UP study]

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Z H von Martels ◽  
Arno R Bourgonje ◽  
Marjolein A Y Klaassen ◽  
Hassan A A Alkhalifah ◽  
Mehdi Sadaghian Sadabad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Faecal Microbiome ◽  
Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

Abstract Background and Aims Crohn’s disease [CD] is characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis in the gut. Riboflavin [vitamin B2] has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and microbiome-modulatory properties. Here, we analysed the effect of riboflavin on oxidative stress, markers of inflammation, clinical symptoms, and faecal microbiome in patients with CD. Methods In this prospective clinical intervention study, patients received 100 mg riboflavin [DSM, Nutritional Products Ltd] daily for 3 weeks. Clinical disease activity [Harvey-Bradshaw Index: HBI], serum biomarkers of inflammation and redox status [plasma free thiols], and faecal microbiome taxonomical composition and functionality [fluorescent in situ hybridisation: FISH; and metagenomic shotgun sequencing: MGS], were analysed before and after riboflavin intervention. Results In total, 70 patients with CD with varying disease activity were included. Riboflavin supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of inflammatory markers. In patients with low faecal calprotectin [FC] levels, IL-2 decreased, and in patients with high FC levels, C-reactive protein [CRP] was reduced and free thiols significantly increased after supplementation. Moreover, HBI was significantly decreased by riboflavin supplementation. Riboflavin supplementation led to decreased Enterobacteriaceae in patients with low FC levels as determined by FISH; however, MGS analysis showed no effects on diversity, taxonomy, or metabolic pathways of the faecal microbiome. Conclusions Three weeks of riboflavin supplementation resulted in a reduction in systemic oxidative stress, mixed anti-inflammatory effects, and a reduction in clinical symptoms [HBI]. FISH analysis showed decreased Enterobacteriaceae in patients with CD with low FC levels, though this was not observed in MGS analysis. Our data demonstrate that riboflavin supplementation has a number of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects in CD.

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