scholarly journals Fire from the Sky in the Anthropocene

Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Paulo M. Fernandes ◽  
João A. Santos ◽  
Fernando Castedo-Dorado ◽  
Rui Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Disaster Potential ◽  
Considerable Loss

Lightning-caused fires (LCFs) and fire environments influenced by thunderstorms are increasingly implicated in extreme wildfire events around the world, with devastating consequences to society and the environment. However, the disaster potential inherent to LCFs is often neglected, especially where the fire regime is determined mostly by anthropogenic ignitions. Such disconnect between perceived risk and actual risk is illustrated with the Iberian Peninsula, where thunderstorm-driven wildfires are comparatively rare but have resulted in large-scale burning and considerable loss of human life. Even low LCF regions should embrace fire management strategies able to cope with LCFs.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

scholarly journals The Rationale for Potential Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Saber-Ayad ◽  
Mohamed A. Saleh ◽  
Eman Abu-Gharbieh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
The World

On 11 March 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was defined by the World Health Organization as a pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the newly evolving human coronavirus infection that causes COVID-19, and it first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread rapidly all over the world. COVID-19 is being increasingly investigated through virology, epidemiology, and clinical management strategies. There is currently no established consensus on the standard of care in the pharmacological treatment of COVID-19 patients. However, certain medications suggested for other diseases have been shown to be potentially effective for treating this infection, though there has yet to be clear evidence. Therapies include new agents that are currently tested in several clinical trials, in addition to other medications that have been repurposed as antiviral and immune-modulating therapies. Previous high-morbidity human coronavirus epidemics such as the 2003 SARS-CoV and the 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) prompted the identification of compounds that could theoretically be active against the emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, advances in molecular biology techniques and computational analysis have allowed for the better recognition of the virus structure and the quicker screening of chemical libraries to suggest potential therapies. This review aims to summarize rationalized pharmacotherapy considerations in COVID-19 patients in order to serve as a tool for health care professionals at the forefront of clinical care during this pandemic. All the reviewed therapies require either additional drug development or randomized large-scale clinical trials to be justified for clinical use.

scholarly journals Human in the face of global pandemics: historical and psychological review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1 (32)) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
A.L. Ustinov ◽  
◽  
E.S. Naboichenko ◽  
S.V. Chuprakova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Psychological Review ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

The article attempts to analyze the historical and psychological aspects of the world pandemics of the past and present. The authors provide a detailed overview of the world's pandemics and their impact on society and the individual. Historical and psychological reviews allow us to draw a parallel between the large-scale pandemics of the past and the present, which is especially relevant in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic that has engulfed humanity. A logical and reasonable periodization of global pandemics is suggested, and the authors give a detailed description of each stage. The first stage includes the pandemics of traditional and early industrial society that raged in the ancient world, the middle ages, and early modern times. The authors highlight such features as a high mortality rate, localization in certain regions and continents, the connection of the spread of diseases with the processes of population migration, crusades, and great geographical discoveries. The second stage includes the pandemics of the industrial era, which occur in the context of globalization, urbanization and increasing crowding of the population, but become less destructive. The authors associate the third stage with modern pandemics generated by the transition to a post-industrial (information) society. The authors note the reduction in mortality from pandemics, and at the same time mutations of viruses, which forces scientists around the world to constantly search for and develop new vaccines. Historical, cultural and psychological analysis of past pandemics allows us to understand better the psychological features of human life in the context of a new coronavirus infection. The authors reveal the role of technological progress in the fight against global pandemics, the role of virus mutations in the development of medical knowledge.

scholarly journals PERAN FATWA MUI DALAM PENANGGULANGAN WABAH COVID-19 DAN DAMPAKNYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Moh. Dliya’ul Chaq
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

Abstract: The Covid-19 that emerged since December 2019 in Wuhan China has subsequently spread throughout the world and is determined to be a global pandemic on March 11, 2020 by WHO. One of the efforts to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia was carried out with Large-Scale Social Restrictions on March 31, 2020. This had an impact on the economic conditions of the community at large. This condition encourages MUI to issue legal fatwas related to handling Covid-19 and its impact through the implementation of zakat. By looking at the role of the fatwa, several conclusions can be formulated, first that the MUI fatwa Number 23 of 2020 is a quick-responsive and effective effort that plays a clear role in overcoming the danger of difficulties in fulfilling the necessities of life that are being experienced by the people of the Covid-19 pandemic era so that life humans and the continuity of religion is maintained. This fatwa is in accordance with the logic of the theory of closing the opportunity for danger (sadd al-dzari'ah) which aims to save human life (hifdz al-nafs) and the continuity of religion (hifdz al-din). Second, that the MUI fatwa Number 23 of 2020 acts as a medium for social change needed during the Covid-19 pandemic era.

The First Wealth is Health: Assessing the World Health Organization’s Impact on a High African Disease Burden

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Organization

Underdeveloped regions of the world are plagued by a high prevalence of communicable diseases. Their deleterious effects on the quality of human life in such areas are clearly observable, making this a phenomenon worthy of sustained investigation. While no single factor determines the success or failure of development in a region, social scientists have attributed a measurable reduction in development capabilities to the enormously suppressive economic, social and psychological burdens of these communicable diseases. The institution of the World Health Organization, an agency of the United Nations, exists with a mandate to mitigate the harms of high disease burdens upon afflicted populations. In this paper, I evaluate the efficacy of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s work combating communicable diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa through an examination of its liberal methodology. To do so, I examine the mandate and methods of the World Health Organization with the aim of comprehending how its institutional features successfully promote consensus building and collaboration between domestic and international actors. I conclude that the WHO’s success stems from its entrenched philosophy of liberalism, an international relations perspective focused on creating cooperative ties between international actors. This finding is significant because it provides insight into how the social nature of communicable diseases makes international cooperation within all relevant political levels of analysis an indispensible component of disease management strategies.

scholarly journals Social Isolation As a Factor of Self-Preservation of the Individual

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Khrapova
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Dependence Relation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

This article presents the first experience of reflection, the first intuition of events related to the 2020 pandemic. Basing on the concept of Mikhail Epstein about the productive value of purification as a result of disengagement with the environment the author tries to identify constructive moments of self-isolation in a society in a state of uncertainty, risk, danger, which makes us understand how fragile human life is and how important selfpreservation of the individual is for reducing tension and optimizing activities in the outside world. Forced selfisolation for everyone indicates global problems, the need to change the collective consciousness. The author believes that there is a dependence relation between the human condition and the surrounding reality. To describe it, Carl Gustav Jung used the concept of synchronicity. Important aspects of this connection are considered in the synergetic picture of the world, they are comprehended thanks to discoveries in quantum physics. It reveals itself in the concept of the actualized personality of Abraham Maslow. In this situation, spiritual experience and knowledge, intellectual search and transcendental experiences are important contributing to the restoration of internal balance necessary for choosing the right strategies in the external world. It is emphasized that in the period of global social transformation large-scale intensive development of information and communication technologies, when the results of communicative intentions can be repeatedly strengthened, acquire autonomy and unpredictable character, the degree of responsibility for the actions, words, actions, thoughts increases. The situation requires an attentive and environmentally friendly attitude to yourself, your loved ones, and the world as a whole. Isolation is considered as one of the conditions of change necessary for internal growth.

scholarly journals Breathing Fire into Landscapes that Burn: Wildfire Management in a Time of Alterlife

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Alex Zahara
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Wildfire Management ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Forested Areas

Across the globe, settler nation-states are being forced to contend with the large-scale ecological and social disruptions caused by settler colonialism. Wildfires are a charismatic example of this: when anthropogenic climate change combines with colonial forest management practices, wildfires act in ever changing ways with often violent and uneven impacts to human and nonhuman life. In a context of environmental change, managers, fire ecologists, and politicians alike are increasingly looking to reintroduce fire as a way of restoring “natural” forest landscapes while reducing fire suppression costs. In this paper, I examine one such policy of fire re-integration, in what is currently the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, the homelands of more than 50,000 Indigenous people (Cree, Dakota, Dene, Métis) who live in the province’s Boreal Forest region. In 2004, the Province implemented a controversial policy that locals colloquially refer to as “Let-it-Burn,” where fires are allowed to burn until they encroach upon something designated of “value” (typically human life, community structures, public infrastructure, and commercial timber). While wildfire managers, scientists, and politicians alike consistently advocate for policies of fire-reintegration as ecologically-sound and financially responsible ways forward with fire management, many locals have argued that “Let-it-Burn” is a direct affront to Indigenous sovereignty, destroying contemporary forest landscapes and rebuilding them through state-sanctioned settler values. Breathing fire back into landscapes that burn is a peculiar solution that at once acknowledges and erases the effects of fire’s removal through policies of restoration that risk ignoring the ongoingness of life in forested areas. Through interviews and archival and ethnographic fieldwork, this paper traces the history of the province’s “Let-it-Burn” policy, asking the question, “how to burn well in compromised lands?”  As a way forward with fire reintegration (or not), I highlight the necessity of Indigenous partnership, leadership, and direction within fire management practices on Indigenous territory, which may include fire suppression. This paper adds to STS scholarship on ecological ruination and alterlife, arguing that wildfire management practices are likely to cause harm so long as the effects of settler colonialism are placed in the past and Indigenous rebuilding is erased.

scholarly journals PROGRAM HEART OF BORNEO WWF DALAM PELESTARIAN HUTAN DI KALIMANTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Rangga Putra Firmansyah ◽  
Eko Priyo Purnomo ◽  
Aulia Nur Kasiwi ◽  
Delila Putri Sadayi
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Forest Clearing ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function

This study aims to see how the programs of the Heart of Borneo (HoB) and the actions taken by the HoB in forest conservation in Kalimantan. Forest is an area that is overgrown with dense trees and as a place to live flora and fauna that live without human intervention. Forests are the key to the survival of creatures on earth, including humans, because they can affect many things that include life and sustainability. One organization that cares about forests is the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the organization formed by WWF to protect Kalimantan's forests is the Heart of Borneo. The purpose of the Heart of Borneo itself is to preserve and maintain the rainforest areas in Kalimantan for the welfare of present and future generations. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method in which the researcher seeks to describe a phenomenon, event, and event that is happening which is then described as there where the researcher tries to describe the Heart of Borneo program in Kalimantan. The results of this study indicate that forest destruction that occurred in Kalimantan is very worrying. The damage was caused by large-scale forest clearing wich changed its functions to the coal mining, the conversion of forest land to oil palm agriculture functions that damage the living ecosystem of flora and fauna. Previously, Kalimantan forest were very beneficial for human life and the flora fauna that live in it.Through the Heart of Borneo program, it seeks to protect the remaining forest in Kalimantan to remain sustainable and function properly

scholarly journals Evolving fire management strategies and their impact on the occurrence and spatial extent of unplanned wildfires in a large African savanna park

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Tercia Strydom ◽  
Stephen A. Midzi
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
African Savanna ◽  
Over Time

Savannas cover approximately 20 % of the global land surface. In African savannas, fire is an important agent for controlling these ecosystems. Kruger National Park (KNP) is a large African savanna park which has implemented a variety of fire management strategies over the years. Using KNP’s recorded fire history (from 1941-2017), we examined the occurrence and spatial extent of accidental wildfires in KNP in relation to adaptations in the fire management strategies over time. From 1941 to 2017 fires were a regular, almost annual occurrence in KNP. However, fuel loads accumulate over time when fires are extinguished or controlled burning in these landscapes is prevented, and the result is a substantial amount of combustible material to support large unplanned wildfires. Therefore, fire management strategies influence the occurrence and spatial extent of unplanned wildfires in African savannas. Prescribed burning is a critical management tool which should be used in fire-prone landscapes, however, research is needed to determine the appropriate fire regime needed to manage a fire-driven system.

Penerapan Rinfo Sebagai Media Pendukung Untuk Proses Pembelajaran Pada Perguruan Tinggi Raharja

CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Khanna Tiara ◽  
Ray Indra Taufik Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Life Education ◽  
New Generation

Education is an important factor in human life. According to Ki Hajar Dewantara, education is a civilizing process that a business gives high values ??to the new generation in a society that is not only maintenance but also with a view to promote and develop the culture of the nobility toward human life. Education is a human investment that can be used now and in the future. One other important factor in supporting human life in addition to education, which is technology. In this globalization era, technology has touched every joint of human life. The combination of these two factors will be a new innovation in the world of education. The innovation has been implemented by Raharja College, namely the use of the method iLearning (Integrated Learning) in the learning process. Where such learning has been online based. ILearning method consists of TPI (Ten Pillars of IT iLearning). Rinfo is one of the ten pillars, where it became an official email used by the whole community’s in Raharja College to communicate with each other. Rinfo is Gmail, which is adapted from the Google platform with typical raharja.info as its domain. This Rinfo is a medium of communication, as well as a tool to support the learning process in Raharja College. Because in addition to integrated with TPi, this Rinfo was connected also support with other learning tools, such as Docs, Drive, Sites, and other supporting tools.

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