scholarly journals An Integrated Approach to Identify Low-Flammability Plant Species for Green Firebreaks

Fire ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Brad R. Murray ◽  
Colin Brown ◽  
Megan L. Murray ◽  
Daniel W. Krix ◽  
Leigh J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Horizontal Spread ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

With recent and predicted increases in the frequency and intensity of wildfires, there is a pressing need for mitigation strategies to reduce the impacts of wildfires on human lives, infrastructure and biodiversity. One strategy involves the use of low-flammability plants to build green firebreaks at the wildland–urban interface. It is common, however, to encounter uncertainty in a diverse range of stakeholders about the concept of flammability as it applies to plants, which may impede efforts to identify suitable low-flammability plant species. Here, we provide an approach to identify low-flammability plant species that integrates three fundamental and relatively easy-to-measure plant-flammability attributes – ignitibility, sustainability and combustibility – in a way that removes confusion about the concept of plant flammability. These three intrinsic flammability attributes relate to each other such that an ideal low-flammability species is one that is slow to ignite, sustains burning for a short period of time and combusts with low intensity. Consideration is then given to secondary attributes of plants critical to the selection of low-flammability plants, including attributes that influence the volume of fuel available for fires and the vertical and horizontal spread of fires. More work is urgently needed across the world to identify low-flammability plant species using standardised measurement protocols, and our integrated approach provides a transparent way to ensure we are selecting the right species, for the right location, in green firebreaks.

scholarly journals Big hitting collectors make massive and disproportionate contribution to the discovery of plant species

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1736) ◽  
pp. 2269-2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Bebber ◽  
Mark A. Carine ◽  
Gerrit Davidse ◽  
David J. Harris ◽  
Elspeth M. Haston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
The Right ◽  
Geographical Locations

Discovering biological diversity is a fundamental goal—made urgent by the alarmingly high rate of extinction. We have compiled information from more than 100 000 type specimens to quantify the role of collectors in the discovery of plant diversity. Our results show that more than half of all type specimens were collected by less than 2 per cent of collectors. This highly skewed pattern has persisted through time. We demonstrate that a number of attributes are associated with prolific plant collectors: a long career with increasing productivity and experience in several countries and plant families. These results imply that funding a small number of expert plant collectors in the right geographical locations should be an important element in any effective strategy to find undiscovered plant species and complete the inventory of the world flora.

scholarly journals Maximum Takeoff Gross Weight of Aircraft in Search and Rescue Sorties

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 705-708
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Rescue Mission ◽  
Distribution Of The Maximum ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

Several aircraft types are commonly used to perform many search and rescue missions throughout the world. Aircraft have been used because they are able to offer a bird’s eye view of the surrounding search areas. In general, these aircraft come in various shapes, sizes and weights, and have myriad capabilities in carrying rescued and/or injured personnel and also equipment for the search and medical operations during the search and rescue sorties. For an aircraft, takeoff gross weight is important because it will affect the flying performance of the aircraft. To perform an effective search and rescue mission, the right selection of aircraft is essential such that unnecessary resources are not being wasted. In line with this notion, this study examines the distribution of the maximum takeoff gross weight of aircraft that have been typically used in search and rescue sorties. This knowledge will help in the design of future aircraft for such missions and also narrowing the selection of existing aircraft to be used on that kind of operations. It is found from the data analysis that most current operators have been using medium-haul aircraft that have a takeoff gross weight between 4,301 kg and 8,600 kg.

Right diagnosis, right treatment: SAFER PRACTICES

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 356-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Silverston
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Error ◽  
World Health ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right

Choosing the right treatment for the patient requires that the right diagnosis is made first. In primary and ambulatory care, however, diagnostic errors are both common and commonly preventable. The World Health Organization has recommended that all health professionals should receive formal training in the principles of diagnostic reasoning and the causes of diagnostic error, and that strategies and interventions to reduce the risk of diagnostic error should be used in clinical practice. This article describes a mnemonic checklist, SAFER PRACTICES, which can be used in an integrated approach to the prevention and detection of diagnostic errors that starts in the classroom and continues through to the consulting room.

scholarly journals Global Diagnostic Trends of Coronavirus

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Sidra Afzal ◽  
Tania Naveel ◽  
Mahira Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Test Point ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

For the last few months, COVID-19 has had a significant effect on clinical laboratory. This formalized with existing issues and difficulties for the laboratory evaluation of infections owing to extreme acute coronaviral syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The selection of the relevant respiratory tract specimen from the appropriate anatomical position is key to a timely and correct molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 at the right time in the pre-analytical process. Suitable steps are needed to safeguard laboratory personnel in order to provide accurate test results. The article is aimed at reviewing the literature related to the diagnosis and treatment therapy adapted to compete for novel coronavirus. The study is followed by reviewing 40-45 articles to critically evaluate and extract the possible therapies adapted in the different regions of the world. Serology, radiotherapy, antigen-detection test, point-of-care molecular diagnostics and other radiotherapeutic approaches are found to be efficient and used in several regions of the world.

scholarly journals KONSEP ORWELISASI DAN PARKINSONISASI DALAM SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN PUBLIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeni Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Strong State ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

This article discusses the importance of the role of the right government system within a country. One of the determinants of the good governance system is based on the accuracy in the selection of government bureaucracy system. Therefore, to provide a more detailed understanding, this article will discuss about the bureaucratic system. This review will examine two bureaucratic systems currently dominantly applied by most countries in the world, namely Orwell Bureaucracy (Orwellization) and Parkinson's Bureaucracy (Parkinsonization). This article is divided into four studies, first on the backgrounds of Orwell and Parkinson, the two studies on the concept of Orwellization and Parkinsonization framework, the three analyzing the application of both concepts within a country, and the fourth is criticism given by experts to the concept of Orwellization and Parkinsonization. In this study it is found that the concept of Orwellization and Parkinsonization is still relevant in studying the problems of bureaucratic systems in some countries, the concept of Orwellisasi can create a strong state but weaken the issue of Human Rights (HAM), while the concept of Parkinsonization contributed considerably in the development effort but weaken the system of recruitment of public officials. However, there are some experts who give criticism to the concept of  ureaucracy Orwellisasi and Parkinsonisasi this, this is not apart from weakness owned by each bureaucracy concept. Keywords: bureaucracy, Orwellisasi, dan Parkinsonisasi 

scholarly journals Physical Assessment of Marine Debris Along the Coast of Brunei Darussalam

2019 ◽  
pp. 144-152
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Selection Of

Debris along coastlines is a global issue as it affects ecosystem, human health, tourism and economy; thus, requires more attention from town planners, policy makers and researchers. Various studies have been conducted around the world to identify and quantify the debris, its sources and mitigation strategies; however, it is a pioneer study of its kind in Brunei Darussalam. The current study involves selection of different beaches, debris collection and its physical analysis. Brunei Darussalam has 161 km long coast along South China Sea and the debris was collected from four different beaches in the month of May considering different sources related to anthropogenic, riverine and sea-based activities. The selected areas for study were 110x30 m2 and collected samples were categorized by number, weight, size and colour. By number, large amount of plastic (91.46%) was found on all four beaches followed by miscellaneous materials. As, the most abundant type of debris was plastic, hence it was further classified on the basis of size and colour. Most of the materials found on these beaches were the result from land based human activities, but the contribution of debris through the waterways is also significant.

scholarly journals Practical experiences of a designing and operating a pilot aquaponic system

2014 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Éva Csorvási ◽  
Péter Juhász ◽  
Milán Fehér ◽  
Ildikó Nemes ◽  
László Stündl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Soilless Cultivation ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
The Right ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Selection Of

Aquaponics is the combination of fish farming (aquaculture) and the soilless cultivation of plants (hydroponics). The aquaponics system is an artificial, recirculating ecosystem, in which bacterial processes convert the waste materials in the water used for fish rearing into plant nutrients, and therefore with the generated heat it is suitable for culturing economically valuable plants, and thus it mitigates the nutrient laden and quantity of the intensive fish producing systems’ effluent water. The primary goal of our 12 separate unit’s aquaponics system was to gain experience. We would like to find the right plant species, which are fit for that medium, and their crop can be sold. Besides the plants, our attention focused on the fish. Two fish species were included in the experiments, the common carp and barramundi. It was difficult to create them a perfect living space, besides a constantly changing conditions temperature. Apart the above mentioned we had a problem with the number of individuals per tank, the deformity of the fish body and the too high volume of pH (we registered continuous values above 8.4). We get by carps 4.7 grams of weight gain during 15 weeks, because of the bad conditions. The main problems at the plants are caused by aphesis and protection against sunburn. Even so we have got the multiples of field yields for each plant species. At salad has grown twice of field yields, tomatoes one and half, kohlrabi than 3.5 times more. The causes of multiple yields are the continuous balanced water and the nutrient uptake of plants. Each plant species fit for cultivating in aquaponics and their crops are delicious, chemical -free, safe and marketable. The plants should be more concentrated. After the experiment, it has been determinated that the carp is suitable for aquaponics, but greater weight gain could be achieved with optimal selection of size of rearing units.

FAULT-FREE ECONOMICS: PROPHETIC PERSPECTIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Primary Objective ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The People ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The World ◽  
Right Reason ◽  
The Right ◽  
Holy Man

Allah commanded the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) to inform the people in the following way: O' my people, do you see whether I am on the (right) reason from my Lord Who provided me with the best subsistence, and I only intend to reform as far as possible, and whatever my capacities are, they are from Allah upon whom I have trust and revert to Him (for guidance and help.) In this verse, the Qur'an has given the words that Hazrat Shoaib (A.S) used for the reformation of his nation. This also makes obvious the fact that the primary objective of the advent of Messengers has been the reformation of society. This great reformatory work was performed from Hazrat Adam (A.S.) up till Hazrat Isa according to the prevalent situation of their times. But after these holy personalities, their followers tampered with their teachings. Subsequently a personality was sent (by Allah) who in the light of the divine teachings pledged to reform not only his own people but the whole world. This holy man was Hazrat Muhammad (ﷺ) who came to this world fourteen hundred and sixty years ago as Mercy for All the Worlds By virtue of his magnanimity, he turned the darkness of the world into light. He reformed the society, uprooting all the evils of the human society, in such a manner that this society, corrupt for centuries, instantly turned into one that became exemplary for future generations. In other words, he, Muhammad (p.b.u.h) reformed the worst society of the world successfully, effectively and in a very short period of time.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of On-Body Radio-Frequency Links in the 420 MHz–2.4 GHz Range

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arno Thielens ◽  
Robin Benarrouch ◽  
Stijn Wielandt ◽  
Matthew Anderson ◽  
Ali Moin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Body Area ◽  
The Right ◽  
Path Loss Measurements ◽  
Selection Of

While there exists a wide variety of radio frequency (RF) technologies amenable for usage in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), which have been studied separately before, it is currently still unclear how their performance compares in true on-body scenarios. In this paper, a single reference on-body scenario—that is, propagation along the arm—is used to experimentally compare six distinct RF technologies (between 420 MHz and 2.4 GHz) in terms of path loss. To further quantify on-body path loss, measurements for five different on-body scenarios are presented as well. To compensate for the effect of often large path losses, two mitigation strategies to (dynamically) improve on-body links are introduced and experimentally verified: beam steering using a phased array, and usage of on-body RF repeaters. The results of this study can serve as a tool for WBAN designers to aid in the selection of the right RF frequency and technology for their application.

scholarly journals An integrated approach for fire extinguishers selection with DEMATEL and TODIM methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1696-1707
Author(s):  
Mesut Ulu ◽  
Hasan Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Agent Selection ◽  
Todim Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fire Extinguishers

Fire is a type of disaster that has caused significant loss of property and life from past to present. If the necessary measures are not taken, they cause serious property damage, interruption of processes, death and injury. Especially in industrial facilities, the density of flammable, explosive and hazardous chemicals, chimneys, hot surfaces, static electricity and electrical hazards, hot work increases the risk of fire. Therefore, necessary precautions should be taken. The choice of extinguisher device, which includes both passive and active precaution in fire safety, provides the correct intervention in case of possible fire. In case of being a fire, it is necessary to quickly and easily extinguish without damaging the system. For this reason, choosing the right extinguisher is important. In this study, effective criteria were determined by negotiating with supplier companies for the selection of suitable fire extinguishers. After scoring for the criteria, the weights of the criteria were determined by DEMATEL method. With TODIM method, appropriate fire extinguishing agent selection and sequencing were made.

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