scholarly journals Ground-Based Extraction on Salvage Logging in Two High Forests: A Productivity and Cost Analysis

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afraz Iranparast Bodaghi ◽  
Mehrdad Nikooy ◽  
Ramin Naghdi ◽  
Rachele Venanzi ◽  
Francesco Latterini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Productivity ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
Forest Logging ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Load Volume ◽  
Effective Cost ◽  
Work Planning ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Harvesting Costs

Working time studies, work productivity, and cost assessments of forest logging are of interest to forest managers and planners. These aspects are particularly important in salvage logging, because of difficulties due to irregularly positioned fallen trees in forest areas, and due to particular aspects related to the absence of work planning. In this research, system productivity and the cost of salvage logging are analyzed for two mountain forests managed with close-to nature-silviculture: the Hyrcanian forest, using extraction by a skidder, and the Camaldoli forest, using extraction by tractors. The system productivity of salvage logging by skidders and tractors was calculated as 1.54 and 0.81 m3·h−1, respectively. In contrast to common logging, system productivity was about 6- to 15-fold lower in salvage logging. The effective cost consumptions for the skidder and tractor were calculated as $72.57 and $118.62 USD·m−3, respectively. For both yards, winching time increased due to increasing winching distance and winching load volume. The same result was determined for skidding time in relation to load volume and distance. The possible cost decreases for the skidder and tractor were calculated as 2.6% and 4.3%, respectively. The results revealed that operational costs for extracting wind-fallen trees are higher than for traditional standing-trees extraction for both situations studied. In both cases, the harvesting costs were higher than the timber price by 10% to 30%. Therefore, extraction of wind-fallen trees has no economic justification in these forests.

Enhancement in productivity and income sustainability through Integrated farming system approaches for small and marginal farmers of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJEEV KUMAR ◽  
SHIVANI . ◽  
S. K. SAMAL ◽  
S. K. DWIVEDI ◽  
MANIBHUSHAN .
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Net Income ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Systems Models ◽  
The Cost

Integration of different components viz. livestock, fishery, horticulture, mushroom etc. along with field crops not only enhanced productivity but by-products (waste) of one component act as input for another component through resource recycling within the system. Six integrated farming systems models with suitable combinations of Crop, vegetables, fruit trees, fish, livestock, mushroom etc. were made and evaluated at the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during 2012-16 for harness maximum income, nutrient recycling and employment. Among six combinations, crop + fish + duck + goat resulted as most profitable combination in terms of productivity (RGEY- 22.2t), net income (Rs. 2,15,900/ha), additional employment (170 days/year) with income sustainability index (ISI) by 90.2. Upon nutrient recycling prepared from different wastes from the system Crop + fish + duck + goat combination added N (56.5 kg), P (39.6 kg) and K (42.7 kg) into the soil and reduced the cost of cultivation by 24 percent and was followed by crop + fish + goat combination. Crops grown under IFS mode with different types of manures produced 31 percent higher yield over conventional rice- wheat system. The contribution of crops towards the system productivity ranged from 36.4 to 56.2 %, while fish ranged from 22.0-33.5 %; for goat 25.4-32.9 %; for poultry 38.7 %; for duck 22.0-29.0 %; for cattle 32.2% and for mushroom 10.3 %.

scholarly journals Method of Assessing the Risk of Implementing Railway Investments in Terms of the Cost of Their Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13085
Author(s):  
Jan Kowalski ◽  
Mieczysław Połoński ◽  
Marzena Lendo-Siwicka ◽  
Roman Trach ◽  
Grzegorz Wrzesiński
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Risk Forecasting ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Effective Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Exceeding the approved budget is often an integral part of the implementation of construction projects, especially those where unforeseen threats may occur. Therefore, each construction investment should contain elements of risk forecasting, mainly in terms of the cost of its implementation. Only a small number of institutions apply effective cost control methods, taking into account the specifics of a given industry. Especially small construction companies that participate in the structure of the implementation of large construction projects as subcontractors. The article presents a method by which it is possible to determine, with certain probability, the final cost of railway construction investments carried out in Poland. The method was based on a reliable database of risk factors published in sources. In this article, the main presumptions of the original method are presented, which take into account the impact of potential, previously recognized, risks specific to railway investments, and enable project managers to relate them to the conditions where the implementation of a specific object is planned. The authors assumed that such a relatively simple method, supported by a suitable computational program, would encourage teams that plan to implement railway projects to use it and increase the credibility of their schedules.

Cost management in agribusiness organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
S. A. Tunin ◽  
A.V. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Effective Cost ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cost Management System ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
The Cost

The article presents the results of the development and testing of cost management methods in agricultural organizations. The purpose of the activity of any organization that has set itself the task of extracting profit is its growth and increasing the efficiency of its activities. As a rule, all organizations strive to maximize their profits while minimizing the costs incurred. In modern economic conditions, such an approach is possible only with a properly constructed effective cost management system. Rational use of available resources by organizations of the agro-industrial complex with proper cost management will allow organizations to be competitive in the market and carry out their activities in the foreseeable future. The subject of the study is the cost management accounting system, the object of the organization of the agro-industrial complex of the Stavropol Territory. The information base was the forms of specialized reporting of agricultural organizations of the Stavropol Territory. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of a methodology for the cost management system in the agro-industrial complex organizations of the Stavropol Territory.

scholarly journals Assessment of the harvesting costs of different combine harvester fleets

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jüri Olt ◽  
Keio Küüt ◽  
Risto Ilves ◽  
Arne Küüt
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Harvesting Costs ◽  
Collection Methods

This study discusses practical collection methods of cereal harvesting costs in different agricultural holdings in order to effectively manage combine harvester fleets, make economically reasoned decisions on the exploitation of combine harvesters, reduce harvesting costs and consequently the cost price of cereals. For this purpose, the author used work results of combine harvesters monitored by three randomly selected agricultural holdings, collected practical information on harvesting, analysed this information and provided assessments on the effectiveness of their combine harvester fleet. Evidently, not all combine harvester fleets and combines operate with the same efficiency, as their harvesting costs are different.

scholarly journals Wildland—Urban Interface Communities' Response to Post-Fire Salvage Logging

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Ryan ◽  
Elisabeth Hamin
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Standing Trees

Abstract Salvage logging, the removal for profit of standing trees that have been damaged by extensive wildfires, has been quite controversial and subject to lawsuits that can delay the logging past the time in which the lumber is still useful. It has not been clear, however, whether the public that has been most affected by wildfires—those that live near burned areas—support or oppose postfire logging. In this research we use focus groups and stakeholder interviews in urban interface communities that have experienced significant wildfires to examine in some detail the perspectives these members of the public have regarding salvage logging. Public support for salvage logging in communities that have recently experienced wildfires was much stronger than hypothesized at the beginning of this study from our review of the number of unsuccessful salvage logging proposals or even popular press reports. Key reasons for supporting salvage logging were that letting useful timber rot was wasteful, that it improves the postfire aesthetics and safety of the forest, and that it can provide some income for local postfire restoration activities. Caveats include assuring that any environmental impacts, such as new roads, are mitigated postlogging, and assuring that appropriate snags are left to provide wildlife habitat.

High Technology Options for Sheep Shearing III: Chemical and Biological Defleecing

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
P. R. W. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
High Technology ◽  
Cost Price ◽  
Shearing Mechanism ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Harvesting Costs

Two earlier articles have considered the cost-price squeeze facing the Australian woolgrower, and the solutions being sought to reduce wool harvesting costs. The first concentrated on the improvements to existing shearing methods, especially the shearing mechanism itself. The second summarised the progress of a programme aiming to automate shearing. This concluding article considers the research which has been undertaken to evaluate chemical and biological methods of wool harvesting.

scholarly journals Dominant Factors of Positive Impact of Ownership of Work Competency Certificate in Craftsman' Perception

Jurnal PenSil ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Huda Darussyafa ◽  
Irika Widiasanti ◽  
Anisah
Keyword(s):  
Work Ability ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

This study aims to determine the dominant factor of the positive impact of ownership of work competency certificates in the perception of artisan on highrise building projects in the city of South Jakarta. Based on existing data the number of workers who already have work competency certificates is still very minimal. That is caused by several factors, namely the process of implementing certification which is considered complicated to the cost which is considered expensive. But behind these constraints, work competency certificates can have a positive impact on construction workers who have them. In this study conducted by quantitative methods by analyzing the percentage of respondents' perceptions. This research was carried out on the Cithaland Tower project, Alamanda Tower, Dharmawangsa Office Tower. The total number of respondents to be studied is 44 people. In this study the dominant factor studied was measured through four indicators namely work motivation, work productivity, work ability and competitiveness. With each percentage acquisition namely for Work Motivation 26.44%, Work Productivity 24.40%, Work Ability 24.66%, and Competitiveness 24.50%. Of the four indicators there is one indicator with the highest percentage and is the most dominant factor, namely the Work Motivation indicator with a percentage of 26.44%.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Chaff Harvesting Concepts in Germany

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Sophie Unger ◽  
Christoph Glasner
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Base Case ◽  
End User ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harvesting Costs ◽  
Harvest Residue

This work assesses the costs of exploiting the biomass feedstock chaff. Chaff is a harvest residue generated during the conventional grain harvesting process and usually remains on the field. In this paper, the costs of collecting and supplying chaff to the end user with different harvesting methods and supply chains are analyzed. The costs are estimated for a base case defining a set of general assumptions. The impact of these assumptions is analyzed in a sensitivity analysis by means of tornado diagrams. A full costing method based on the VDI guideline 2067 part 1 is applied for the cost estimation. The cost analysis reveals that ceasing the fractioning of grain, straw and chaff during harvesting and transporting them as a mixture reduces the harvesting costs significantly. The costs are decreased due to a reduction in agricultural operations and processing large amounts of material. The lowest total costs originate from the production of chaff-straw bales. Harvesting chaff as a single fraction leads to the highest costs with the investigated supply chains. Comparing the costs of chaff supply to potential revenues shows that an exploitation of the harvest residue can be economically feasible.

scholarly journals Multi-Product Forwarder-Based Timber Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-242
Author(s):  
Kayla Gagliardi ◽  
Simon Ackerman ◽  
Pierre Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Product Assortment ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Machine Productivity ◽  
Load Volume ◽  
Industrial Plantation ◽  
African Context ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Load Size

Accurate predictions in forest operations can be used towards effective planning, costing, and maximizing the productivity of machines in mechanised cut-to-length (CTL) harvesting. There is a general and substantial gap in forwarder productivity data available for pine sawtimber in South Africa at present, and as the number of product assortments being harvested increase there is a need for more work to quantify the effects of extracting products of different dimensions. The aim of this study was to calculate the time consumption and productivity of two models of Ponsse forwarders (15 t and 20 t capacity) to consider and compare the effects of multiple variables including machine capabilities, product assortment, load size, extraction distance and fuel consumption. Productivity averaged at 34.08 m3 per productive machine hour excluding delays longer than one minute (PMH1) for the smaller machine, and 55.94 m3/PMH1 for the larger machine. Productivity and average log volume were strongly positively correlated. Regression models were created for each machine where load volume and extraction distance were both significant factors for predicting productivity. Average fuel consumption of the smaller machine was 15.55 l/PMH1 and 0.47 l/m3, and 20.57 l/PMH1 and 0.43 l/m3 for the larger machine. The product with the largest volume was found to require the least fuel per m3. The models developed could aid in predicting system productivity and potentially carbon emissions under similar conditions in a South African context of industrial plantation forestry.

The Cost of Achalasia: Quantifying the Effect of Symptomatic Disease on Patient Cost Burden, Treatment Time, and Work Productivity

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahima Nenshi ◽  
Julie Takata ◽  
Stacey Stegienko ◽  
Binu Jacob ◽  
Paul Kortan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Cost Burden ◽  
Patient Cost ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
The Cost
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