scholarly journals Ten-Year Responses of Underplanted Northern Red Oak to Silvicultural Treatments, Herbivore Exclusion, and Fertilization

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Frank ◽  
Ronald Rathfon ◽  
Michael Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Herbivore Exclusion ◽  
Midstory Removal ◽  
Crown Thinning ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Establishing adequate advanced oak reproduction prior to final overstory removal is crucial for regenerating oak forests in the eastern U.S. Many management approaches exist to this end, but benefits associated with any individual technique can depend on the suite of techniques employed and the geographic location. At four mixed-hardwood upland forest sites in central and southern Indiana, we tested factorial combinations of deer fencing, controlled-release fertilization, and various silvicultural techniques (midstory removal, crown thinning, and a shelterwood establishment cut) for promoting the growth and survival of underplanted red oak seedlings. Crown thinning resulted in slow growth and low survival. Midstory removal and the shelterwood establishment cut were nearly equally effective for promoting seedling growth. Seedling survival was strongly influenced by fencing, and differences in survival between silvicultural treatments were minimal when fencing was employed. Fertilization had minimal effects overall, only increasing the probability that unfenced seedlings were in competitive positions relative to surrounding vegetation. We suggest that underplanting oak seedlings can augment natural reproduction, but the practice should be accompanied by a combination of midstory removal and fencing, at a minimum, for adequate growth and survival.

Effects of Tree Shelters on Northern Red Oak Seedlings Planted in Harvested Forest Openings

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Minter ◽  
Richard K. Myers ◽  
Burnell C. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Tree Shelters ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Vertical Location ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
Forest Openings ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract Planting has been considered to be one solution to the problem of inadequate natural oak regeneration following harvesting in the Central Hardwood Region. Two types of tree shelters were used in two separate 3-year studies to determine their effects on the growth and survival of northern red oak seedlings planted in recently harvested forest openings, and to characterize shelter influence on microenvironmental factors. Sheltered seedlings planted in both trials exhibited significantly greater 3-year height growth as compared to the controls. There were no significant differences in survival rates. Relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentrations were increased significantly inside both types of shelters, while there were no differences between shelter exterior and interior daytime temperatures. Interior light intensities differed for the two shelter types and varied according to vertical location within shelters. Recommendations are given for using tree shelters as a possible means for improving oak planting success in recently harvested forest openings. North. J. Appl. For. 9(2):58-63.

scholarly journals Tree Shelters Reduced Growth and Survival of Underplanted Red Oak Seedlings in Southern Iowa

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Bardon ◽  
David W. Countryman ◽  
Richard B. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Tree Shelters ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract A major concern in the management of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is the difficulty in regenerating stands that have dense understories of shade tolerant species. A replicated study in southern Iowa indicated that over a 5 yr period, tree shelters have a major impact on establishment of underplanted, 1-0, northern red oak bareroot stock. Sheltered seedlings had increased height growth during the first 3 growing seasons. But during the next 2 growing seasons, annual height growth of sheltered seedlings declined to a level of annual height growth similar to that of nonsheltered seedlings. After 5 growing seasons, sheltered seedlings were approximately 30 cm taller than nonsheltered seedlings. Sheltered and nonsheltered seedlings were one-third to two-thirds the height of the shelters. At the end of the fifth growing season, total mortality for sheltered seedlings was 40 and 55%, whereas for nonsheltered seedlings, mortality was 26 and 28% at the McNay and Stephens sites, respectively. Tree shelters may be a viable alternative in open areas (e.g., clearcuts or plantations), but in this study, tree shelters reduced both growth and survival when used to protect underplanted, 1-0, red oak seedlings. North. J. Appl. For. 16(2):103-107.

scholarly journals Auger Planting of Oak Seedlings

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-93
Author(s):  
Eric Heitzman ◽  
Adrian Grell
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract In 2001, we used power augers to plant 1-0 northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and white oak (Q. alba) seedlings in stony soils in Arkansas. After two growing seasons, red oak and white oak survival was 86% and 91%, respectively. Both species had only grown an average of 1 ft in height in 2 yr. North. J. Appl. For. 20(2):92–93.

Distribution and metabolism of current photosynthate by single-flush northern red oak seedlings

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2-3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Dickson ◽  
J. S. Isebrands ◽  
Patricia T. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Effects of Daylength and Fertilizer Regimes on Growth of Different Families of Containerized Northern Red Oak

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-155
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Houston ◽  
Kenneth A. Joehlin
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Soil Mix ◽  
Fertilizer Regimes ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract The effects of two soil mixes, three fertilizer regimes, and two day-lengths on growth in containers of four half-sib families of northern red oak seedlings were studied. Maximum growth over 15 wk was produced using 3 fertilizations per week with a modified Ingestad solution, a peat-vermiculite (or perlite) soil mix (1:1:1), and an 18-hr daylength. The effect of families was significant (0.01 level) for most variables studied. North. J. Appl. For. 5:153-155, June 1988.

scholarly journals Urban environment of New York City promotes growth in northern red oak seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Searle ◽  
M. H. Turnbull ◽  
N. T. Boelman ◽  
W. S. F. Schuster ◽  
D. Yakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
York City ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings
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