scholarly journals Distribution Changes of Phosphorus in Soil–Plant Systems of Larch Plantations across the Chronosequence

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanpeng Zeng ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Guangyu Chi
Keyword(s):  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Systematic Knowledge

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important factors influencing the growth and quality of larch plantations. A systematic knowledge of the dynamic changes of P in soil–plant systems can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of larch plantations. We determined the concentration, biomass, and accumulation of P in five tree components (i.e., leaf, branch, bark, stem, and root), and the concentrations of various soil P fractions of larch plantations in 10-, 25-, and 50-year-old stands in northeast China. Our results showed that the N:P ratio and P concentration in leaves increased with stand age, indicating that the growth of larch plantations might be limited by P in the development of stands. The N:P ratio and P concentration in roots, and P resorption efficiency, increased with stand age, indicating the use efficiency of P could be enhanced in older stands. The concentrations of soil-labile P fractions (Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po) in 25- and 50-year-old stands were significantly lower than those in 10-year-old stands, indicating the availability of soil P decreases with the development of larch plantations.

scholarly journals Long-Term Mineral Fertilization Improved the Grain Yield and Phosphorus Use Efficiency by Changing Soil P Fractions in Ferralic Cambisol

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
Kailou Liu ◽  
Muhammad Qaswar ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Qinghai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil P Fractions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Labile P

Elevated mineral fertilization may change the composition and increase the availability of soil phosphorus (P) in subtropical paddy soils and thus affect long-term plant growth. However, an understanding of the response of soil P fractions to long-term nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) additions remains elusive. This study aimed to explore the responses of soil P-fractions and their mobility to different long-term chemical fertilization rates under a double rice cropping system. The rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in the low NPK treatment (LNPK) were 90, 45, and 75 kg ha−1 year−1, respectively, and in the high NPK treatment (HNPK), they were 180, 90, and 150 kg ha−1 year−1, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of soil organic matter (SOM), total P, Olsen P, total N, and mineral N were remarkably increased under HNPK by 17.46%, 162.66%, 721.16%, 104.42%, and 414.46%, respectively, compared with those under control (CT). Compared to the CT P fractions, HNPK increased the labile P fractions (i.e., NaHCO3-Pi and NaHCO3-Po) by 322.25% and 83.53% and the moderately labile P fractions (i.e., NaOH-Pi, NaOH-Po and HCl. dil. Pi) by 163.54%, 183.78%, and 3167.25% respectively, while the non-labile P was decreased by the HNPK addition. P uptake and grain yield were increased by LNPK and HNPK by 10.02% and 35.20%, respectively, compared with CT. P use efficiency indices were also higher under HNPK than under LNPK. There was a strong positive relationship between grain yield and P use efficiency (R2 = 0.97). A redundancy analysis (RDA) showed a strong correlation between soil chemical properties and the labile and moderately labile P pools. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that SOM, mineral N, and available P strongly control the labile P pool. In conclusion, NPK additions under the paddy soils significantly influences the soil P fractions. The soil P dynamics and the mechanisms governing the interactions between plants and soil nutrients are clearly explained in this study.

scholarly journals Sequestration of P fractions in the soils of an incipient ferralisation chronosequence on a humid tropical volcanic island

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Yu Chiu ◽  
Ian Baillie ◽  
Shih-Hao Jien ◽  
Liam Hallett ◽  
Stephen Hallett
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Volcanic Island ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Soil Age ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Green Island ◽  
Exchangeable P

Abstract Background Phosphorus (P) is the limiting nutrient in many mature tropical forests. The ecological significance of declining P stocks as soils age is exacerbated by much of the remaining P being progressively sequestered. However, the details of how and where P is sequestered during the ageing in tropical forest soils remains unclear. Results We examined the relationships between various forms of the Fe and Al sesquioxides and the Hedley fractions of P in soils of an incipient ferralitic chronosequence on an altitudinal series of gently sloping benches on Green Island, off the southeastern coast of Taiwan. These soils contain limited amounts of easily exchangeable P. Of the sesquioxide variables, only Fe and Al crystallinities increased significantly with bench altitude/soil age, indicating that the ferralisation trend is weak. The bulk of the soil P was in the NaOH and residual extractable fractions, and of low lability. The P fractions that correlated best with the sesquioxides were the organic components of the NaHCO3 and NaOH extracts. Conclusions The amorphous sesquioxides, Feo and Alo, were the forms that correlated best with the P fractions. A substantial proportion of the labile P appears to be organic and to be associated with Alo in organic-aluminium complexes. The progression of P sequestration appears to be slightly slower than the chemical and mineralogical indicators of ferralisation.

scholarly journals Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Phosphorus Fractions and Their Availability in Biochar-Amended Mollisols of Northeast China (Laboratory Experiment)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Han ◽  
Xiangwei Chen ◽  
Byoungkoo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Soil P Fractions ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Freeze–thaw cycles stimulate the release of available soil phosphorus (P) in winter, and biochar as a soil amendment could improve P availability. Nevertheless, it is unclear how freeze–thaw cycles and biochar amendment interact to affect the soil P fractions and their availability in winter, particularly under different soil water conditions. We simulateda freeze–thaw cycle experimentto assess the effects of three factors on soil P fractions: soil moisture content (22%, 31%, and 45%), frequencies of freeze–thaw cycles (0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 times) and biochar amendment (soil and biochar-amended soil). Modified Hedley sequential P fractionation was conducted to measure the soil P fractions. Increasing the number of freeze–thaw cycles increased soil labile P fractions in the soil with the lowest moisture content (22%). After biochar amendment, the content of labile P decreased as the number of freeze–thaw cycles increased. Biochar amendment enhanced P availability in Mollisols owing to the direct effect of NaOH-Po, which has a large direct path coefficient. Principal components analysis showed that moisture content was a major factor influencing the variation in the P fractions. The P fractions were separated by the interactive effects of biochar amendment and freeze–thaw cycles in soils with a higher moisture content (45%), indicating that the effects of freeze–thaw cycles on P availability appear to be more pronounced in biochar-amended Mollisols of higher water contents.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Speciation in Long-Term Drained and Rewetted Peatlands of Northern Germany

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Wakene Negassa ◽  
Dirk Michalik ◽  
Wantana Klysubun ◽  
Peter Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Total Concentration ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Labile P ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Total P

Previous studies, conducted at the inception of rewetting degraded peatlands, reported that rewetting increased phosphorus (P) mobilization but long-term effects of rewetting on the soil P status are unknown. The objectives of this study were to (i) characterize P in the surface and subsurface horizons of long-term drained and rewetted percolation mires, forest, and coastal peatlands and (ii) examine the influence of drainage and rewetting on P speciation and distributions using wet-chemical and advanced spectroscopic analyses. The total P was significantly (p < 0.05) different at the surface horizons. The total concentration of P ranged from 1022 to 2320 mg kg−1 in the surface horizons and decreased by a factor of two to five to the deepest horizons. Results of the chemical, solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) indicated that the major proportions of total P were organic P (Po). In the same peatland types, the relative proportions of Po and stable P fractions were lower in the drained than in the rewetted peatland. The results indicate that long-term rewetting not only locks P in organic matter but also transforms labile P to stable P fractions at the surface horizons of the different peatland types.

scholarly journals Soil phosphorus fractions in an apple orchard with different weed managements

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e3449108767
Author(s):  
Andria Paula Lima ◽  
Cledimar Rogério Lourenzi ◽  
Jucinei José Comin ◽  
Arcângelo Loss ◽  
Gustavo Brunetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil P Fractions ◽  
Labile P

The presence of weeds in apple orchards affects the dynamics of nutrients in the soil, including phosphorus (P). The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in distribution of P fractions in the soil of an apple orchard under different weed managements. The experiment was conducted in an apple orchard in the municipality of Urubici, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The following treatments were implemented in 2011: no weed management (NWM), desiccation of weeds in the apple-tree row (DR), and hoeing of weeds in the apple-tree row (HR). Soil samples of the 0-2.5, 2.5-5, 5-10, 10-15 and 15-20 cm layers were collected in the apple-tree rows at 24 months after the implementation of the experiment. The samples were subjected to chemical fractionation of P, obtaining the following fractions: PiAER, PiNaHCO3, PoNaHCO3, PiNaOH, PoNaOH, PiHCl, PiNaOH05, PoNaOH05, and Presidual. The presence of weeds increased the contents of the following soil P fractions in the surface layers: PiAER, PiNaHCO3, and PoNaHCO3, which are bioavailable to plants. A higher proportion of organic forms of P in the soil was found when the weeds were hoed; these fractions can be mineralized and used for nutrition of apple trees when labile P forms are exhausted.

scholarly journals Phosphorus saturation of Finnish soils: evaluating an easy oxalate extraction method

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. UUSITALO ◽  
H.-R. TUHKANEN
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions ◽  
Phosphorus Saturation ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Oxalate Extraction

The aim of this study was to test whether phosphorus saturation of surface sorption sites of (oxyhydr)oxides of aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) in Finnish soils can be assessed using a single oxalate extraction and, if so, whether the results are closely related to the P forms likely to influence the P concentration in runoff waters. Ten soil samples with varying clay content and P status were studied. Desorption tests were conducted by submitting the soils sequentially to nine anion exchange resin (AER) extractions. Sorption of P was studied by shaking the soils in P standard solutions (0-250 ppm). Soil inorganic P was characterised by sequentially extracting P from the fractions assumed to be connected to Al and Fe compounds and present as the stable apatitic form. The desorption studies and the fractioning of inorganic P suggested that oxalate solution dissolves apatitic P and/or other relatively stable P-bearing compounds, probably referring to the sum of inorganic P fractions rather than labile P. The amount of P desorbed in the nine AER extractions was about 80-280 mg/kg, whereas oxalate extracted about 490-1100 mg P/kg, which approximated the sum of the inorganic P fractions. Therefore, in soils high in apatitic P, oxalate-extractable P does not seem to be a reliable measure of the P saturation of Al and Fe oxide surfaces that regulate the P concentration in soil solution and runoff water.;

scholarly journals Leaf Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry of Chinese fir Plantations across China: A Meta-Analysis

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Tong ◽  
Benzhi Zhou ◽  
Lina Jiang ◽  
Xiaogai Ge ◽  
Yonghui Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Leaf N

Leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry at a large geographical scale is the result of long-term adaptation to the environment. Therefore, the patterns of leaf N and P spatial distributions and their controlling factors represent an important issue in current ecological research. To explore the leaf stoichiometry of Chinese fir at a national level, we conducted a meta-analysis based on the dataset of the leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and the N:P ratio from 28 study sites across China. For all of the age groups considered, the average concentrations of the leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratio were 11.94 mg g−1, 1.04 mg g−1, and 12.93, respectively. Significant differences were found in the leaf P concentration and N:P ratio between the five age groups, while the differences in the leaf N concentration between the groups were not significant. Linear fitting results indicated that the leaf P concentration decreased, and the leaf N:P ratio increased with the increase of the MAT (mean annual temperature) and soil N concentration. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the first axis, with an explanatory quantity of 0.350, indicated that the MAT (mean annual temperature), soil nitrogen concentration and stand age had a good relationship with the leaf P concentration and N:P ratio, while the second axis, with an explanatory quantity of 0.058, indicated that the leaf N concentration was less affected by the environmental factors. These results demonstrate that the leaf P concentration and N:P ratio are affected by the stand age, an uneven distribution of the heat and soil nutrient concentration status, and N, as the limiting element, remaining relatively stable. Overall, our findings revealed the response of leaf stoichiometric traits to environment change, which benefits the management of Chinese fir plantations.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Forms and Associated Properties along an Urban–Rural Gradient in Southern China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guobing Qin ◽  
Jianfu Wu ◽  
Xiaomei Zheng ◽  
Rongwei Zhou ◽  
Zongqiang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soil ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Southern China ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Total P

Urbanization is widely assumed to degrade soil ecosystem services, but the changes in the urban soil phosphorus (P) status due to urbanization and the associated environmental implications have rarely been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the P forms and associated soil properties in urban soils. Thirty sites were selected along an urban–rural gradient in Nanchang, China, to examine the effects of urbanization on soil P fractions. Residual P and NaOH-extractable P (NaOH-Pi and NaOHPo) were the major P forms in the 0–30 cm of urban soils, comprising on average 37% and 43% of the total P pool, respectively, similar to the suburban and rural soils. Compared with non-urban soils, urban soil had higher contents of total P and P fractions (i.e., PH2O, PKCl, NaOH-Pi, PHCl, and residual P), as well as higher contents of related soil P-retentive properties, especially soil pH and Mehlich 3-extractable Ca and Mg. Phosphorus enrichment in the urban soils may become a source of aquatic pollution because the soil labile P content (the sum of PH2O and PKCl) was positively related to total P, PHCl, NaOH-Pi, and residual P, which implied that the labile P can be replenished by these P pools. This study increased the understanding of P stabilization characteristics (e.g., the specific P forms) of urban soils and has further implications for urban environmental management.

Soil P fractions as affected by on-farm composts in a controlled incubation study

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gagnon and R. R. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P ◽  
On Farm

Information on the different forms and availability of P following compost addition to soil may help to better manage manure in respect to plant growth and the environment. An experiment was conducted to investigate through a sequential extraction procedure the availability of P of fresh dairy manure and several on-farm compost-soil mixtures after a 13 wk incubation in glass jars at 35°C. Materials were mixed at a rate of 200 mg N kg-1 with an Arago sandy loam (Humo-Ferric Podzol), supplying from 64 to 301 mg P kg-1. Fresh dairy manure gave the highest net increase of resin-P and labile P fractions in terms of percentage of total P added, whereas poultry litter compost was the most efficient in increasing NaHCO3-inorganic P (-Pi). Among compost materials, poultry litter, vegetable residue and sheep manure increased labile P fraction the most. The contribution of the young dairy manure compost to this fraction was largely negative, and lower than those of fresh manure or partially and well-decomposed manure composts. A large part of added P was found in the moderately labile P fraction. The organic P (Po) fractions in the soil were less affected by manure or compost addition. This study indicated that the material P availability was reduced by composting, and was more affected by the origin of residue than by manure management. Key words: Composting, farm manure, soil P fractionation

scholarly journals Alkaline Phosphomonoesterase-Harboring Microorganisms Mediate Soil Phosphorus Transformation With Stand Age in Chinese Pinus massoniana Plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueming Liang ◽  
Mingjin Li ◽  
Fujing Pan ◽  
Jiangming Ma ◽  
Zhangqi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil P Fractions ◽  
Alkaline Phosphomonoesterase ◽  
Phosphorus Transformation

phoD-harboring microorganisms facilitate mineralization of organic phosphorus (P), while their role in the regulation of soil P turnover under P-limited conditions in Pinus massoniana plantations is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of stand age and season on soil P fractions and phoD-harboring microorganism communities in a chronosequence of Chinese P. massoniana plantations including 3, 19, and 58 years. The soil P fractions (i.e., CaCl2-P, citrate-P, enzyme-P, and HCl-P) varied seasonally, with the higher values observed in the rainy season. The concentrations of the fractions were higher in old plantation (OP) soils and lower in young planation (YP) soils in both seasons. The OTU abundances were negatively correlated with total available P concentration, while were positively correlated with alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ALP) activity at 0–10 cm soil depth. The results indicate that phoD-harboring microorganisms have great potential to mineralize organic P under P-poor conditions and highlights those microorganisms are indicators of P bioavailability in P. massoniana plantations.

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