scholarly journals Mobility Range of a Cable Skidder for Timber Extraction on Sloped Terrain

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreja Đuka ◽  
Tomislav Poršinsky ◽  
Tibor Pentek ◽  
Zdravko Pandur ◽  
Dinko Vusić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Terrain Parameters ◽  
Load Size ◽  
Slope Direction ◽  
Timber Extraction

The use of forestry vehicles in mechanised harvesting systems is still the most effective way of timber procurement, and forestry vehicles need to have high mobility to face various terrain conditions. This research gives boundaries of planning timber extraction on sloped terrain with a cable skidder, considering terrain parameters (slope, direction of skidding, cone index), vehicle technical characteristics and load size (5 different loads) relying on sustainability and eco-efficiency. Skidder mobility model was based on connecting two systems: vehicle-terrain (load distribution) and wheel-soil (skidder traction performance) with two mobility parameters: (1) maximal slope during uphill timber extraction by a cable skidder based on its traction performance (gradeability), and (2) maximal slope during downhill timber extraction by a cable skidder when thrust force is equal to zero. Results showed mobility ranges of an empty skidder for slopes between −50% and +80%, skidder with 1 tonne load between −26% and +63%, skidder with 2 tonne load between −30% and +51%, skidder with 3 tonne load between −34% and +39%, skidder with 4 tonne load between −35% and +30% and skidder with 5 tonne load between −41% and +11%.These results serve to improve our understanding of safer, more efficient timber extraction methods on sloped terrain.

Disaster Relief Management Using Reinforcement Learning-Based Routing

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Gajanan Madhavrao Walunjkar ◽  
Anne Koteswara Rao ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Disaster Area ◽  
Disaster Scenario

Effective disaster management is required for the peoples who are trapped in the disaster scenario but unfortunately when disaster situation occurs the infrastructure support is no longer available to the rescue team. Ad hoc networks which are infrastructure-less networks can easily deploy in such situation. In disaster area mobility model, disaster area is divided into different zones such as incident zone, casualty treatment zones, transport areas, hospital zones, etc. Also, in order to tackle high mobility of nodes and frequent failure of links in a network, there is a need of adaptive routing protocol. Reinforcement learning is used to design such adaptive routing protocol which shows good improvement in packet delivery ratio, delay and average energy consumed.

scholarly journals Effect of User Mobility upon Trust Building among Autonomous Content Routers in an Information-Centric Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Konorski ◽  
Jakub Grochowski
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
User Mobility ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Current Content ◽  
Content Availability ◽  
The One ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate

The capability of proactive in-network caching and sharing of content is one of the most important features of an information-centric network (ICN). We describe an ICN model featuring autonomous agents controlling the content routers. Such agents are unlikely to share cached content with other agents without an incentive to do so. To stimulate cooperation between agents, we adopt a reputation and trust building scheme that is able to explicitly account for both objective current content availability and subjective willingness to cooperate. The scheme is further complemented with a so-called one-time goodwill mechanism introduced to avoid penalizing agents failures to provide temporarily unavailable content. In a simulated ICN environment under a modified Random Waypoint user mobility model, we investigate the resiliency of the reputation and trust building scheme to subversion, that is, strategic (selfish or malicious) agents acquiring higher trust values than honest ones, for varying user mobility scenarios. The scheme proves resilient in low-mobility scenarios, while increased user mobility is shown to have a negative effect. The one-time goodwill mechanism partly remedies this for high-mobility scenarios. We validate the results by comparison with an existing reputation and trust building scheme and with an alternative user mobility model.

scholarly journals Data collection protocols for VANETs: a survey

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Gillani ◽  
Hafiz Adnan Niaz ◽  
Muhammad Umar Farooq ◽  
Ata Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Deep Dive

AbstractWe live in the era of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), which is an extension of Vehicular AdHoc Networks (VANETs). In VANETs, vehicles act as nodes connected with each other and sometimes with a public station. Vehicles continuously exchange and collect information to provide innovative transportation services; for example, traffic management, navigation, autonomous driving, and the generation of alerts. However, VANETs are extremely challenging for data collection, due to their high mobility and dynamic network topologies that cause frequent link disruptions and make path discovery difficult. In this survey, various state-of-the-art data collection protocols for VANETs are discussed, based on three broad categories, i.e., delay-tolerant, best-effort, and real-time protocols. A taxonomy is designed for data collection protocols for VANETs that is essential to add precision and ease of understandability. A detailed comparative analysis among various data collection protocols is provided to highlight their functionalities and features. Protocols are evaluated based on three parametric phases. First, protocols investigation based on six necessary parameters, including delivery and drop ratio, efficiency, and recovery strategy. Second, a 4-D functional framework is designed to fit most data collection protocols for quick classification and mobility model identification, thus eradicating the need to read extensive literature. In the last, in-depth categorical mapping is performed to deep dive for better and targeted interpretation. In addition, some open research challenges for ITS and VANETs are discussed to highlight research gaps. Our work can thus be employed as a quick guide for researchers to identify the technical relevance of data collection protocols of VANETs.

scholarly journals Influence of the Load Distribution And Sizes on the Wheel Geometry in Passenger Cars

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. B1-B12
Author(s):  
Jarosław Gonera ◽  
Jerzy Napiórkowski ◽  
Kamil Ciborowski
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Load Size ◽  
System Designs

This paper discusses impact of changes in the load size and distribution in passenger cars on geometry of the suspension and steering systems. It was found to have a major impact on the road safety. The research was carried out with the four most popular suspension system designs used in modern passenger cars, i.e. multi-link suspension on both front and rear axles, only on the front axle, only on the rear axle and a simple suspension design for both front and rear axles. Eight load variants were used for the tests. Changes in the following wheel geometry parameters were identified: toe-in and camber angles of all the wheels and castors for the front wheels. The numerical relationships were determined between the load distribution and sizes and changes in suspension and steering systems in passenger cars. It was found that cars with multi-link suspension in both front and rear axles adapt best to changes in weight and load distribution.

scholarly journals Harvesting System Simulation Using a Systems Dynamic Model

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rien J. M. Visser ◽  
Kieran D. McDonagh ◽  
Russell D. Meller ◽  
Timothy P. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Harvest Intensity ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Terrain Parameters ◽  
The Cost

Abstract To compete in the current work environment in the southeastern United States, forestry companies and logging contractors must manage their harvest systems to ensure efficient production. Efficiency in this case can be defined in terms of tons of wood produced per unit of system cost. Site and system factors affect the output from a stand and affect the efficiency of different harvesting systems. A model was developed that can simulate harvesting system production efficiency with changing stand and terrain parameters. Four common southeastern US harvesting systems were included in the model. The model includes functions, adjustable by the user, that quantify the efficiency of each harvest system is measured with respect to terrain parameters (slope and average extraction distance), as well as stand parameters (average tree diameter, stocking intensity, and harvest intensity). By adjusting any of these parameters, it is possible to compare the four harvest systems and to perform various sensitivity analyses. Result examples presented in the article include change in productivity with increasing tree size, productivity changes of a cut-to-length system in varied silvicultural conditions, as well as the associated evaluation of the cost of inefficiency of each system. South. J. Appl. For. 28(2):91–99.

scholarly journals Efficient way of implementing the random and GM (Gauss-Markov) mobility model in MANET

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nagaraju ◽  
K Raghava Rao ◽  
K Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Mobile Adhoc Network ◽  
Adhoc Network ◽  
Data Throughput ◽  
Aodv Protocol

In Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) nodes are communicating each other with the help of routing protocol. In Adhoc networks, a node having high mobility, with that node’s moving randomly from node to node. For observing the movement mobility, we are studying different forms of mobility. These models can deploy the mobility of the network condition, including the various parameters such as the size of the network, traffic models of data, throughput and the PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) are used as performance Parameters. We are investigating the RWP (Random Waypoint) and GM (Gauss-Markov) mobility model to express efficiency of Adhoc routing protocol by using the OMNET++ simulator .The result of the simulator shows that the mobility has more influence upon MANET protocol with the increasing node density. Here, we evaluated RWP and GM mobility model with AODV protocol. The study of these models illustrates dissimilar outcomes related inputs with the increasing performance of the pause time rises among the speed and number of nodes.

scholarly journals High Speed Realistic Mobility Model for TN-Multi Lane Highway Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Vivitha Varshini R.J ◽  
Naskath J ◽  
Paramasivan B
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Mobility Models ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are self-forming networks built from moving vehicles. The most important quality of VANETs is the high mobility of nodes, which makes the mobility model as one of the most important parameters. The mobility pattern in the mobility models is used to simulate the movement of the vehicles, which plays an important role in developing an effective communication for the vehicular network. The challenge is to generate suitable microscopic mobility model from the correct and realistic dataset. In this paper, the work analyses the different type of data sources in terms of various mobility models. Finally, it proposes the effective mobility model for the high speed multi-lane highway scenario. Then the performance metrics are analyzed for this proposed model using mobility and network simulators. 

A Study of Speed Aware Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirthana Akunuri ◽  
Ritesh Arora ◽  
Ivan G. Guardiola
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Demand Routing

The flexibility of movement for the wireless ad hoc devices, referred to as node mobility, introduces challenges such as dynamic topological changes, increased frequency of route disconnections and high packet loss rate in Mobile Ad hoc Wireless Network (MANET) routing. This research proposes a novel on-demand routing protocol, Speed-Aware Routing Protocol (SARP) to mitigate the effects of high node mobility by reducing the frequency of route disconnections in a MANET. SARP identifies a highly mobile node which forms an unstable link by predicting the link expiration time (LET) for a transmitter and receiver pair. NS2 was used to implement the SARP with ad hoc on-demand vector (AODV) as the underlying routing algorithm. Extensive simulations were then conducted using Random Waypoint Mobility model to analyze the performance of SARP. The results from these simulations demonstrated that SARP reduced the overall control traffic of the underlying protocol AODV significantly in situations of high mobility and dense networks; in addition, it showed only a marginal difference as compared to AODV, in all aspects of quality-of-service (QOS) in situations of low mobility and sparse networks.

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