scholarly journals Growth of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in Response to Hydroclimatic Variability in Four Sites Forming the Species Latitudinal and Longitudinal Distribution Limits

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Herrera-Soto ◽  
Marcos González-Cásares ◽  
Marín Pompa-García ◽  
J. Camarero ◽  
Raúl Solís-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Distribution Limits ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Hydroclimatic Variability ◽  
Hydroclimatic Factors

Climate change modifies the distribution and dominance of forest tree species, particularly near their distribution limits. This study used tree-ring width data for Pinus cembroides Zucc. at its distribution limits in Mexico and the SW USA to assess how tree populations responded to hydroclimatic variability. Indexed ring-width chronologies were built and correlated with climate and drought records at four marginal stands. We found that P. cembroides responds differently to climatic conditions depending on the bioclimatic and biogeographic conditions, with the forests situated in the driest area (Nuevo León) presenting the highest growth association to maximum temperatures and drought, while the forest situated in the wettest area (Puebla) was the least correlated to these hydroclimatic factors. In particular, dry and hot conditions, during the prior autumn and winter, reduced radial growth. Drought conditions could result in more vulnerable forests at the driest sites. These results advance our understanding of the radial growth responses of P. cembroides and similar widely distributed trees to climatic change near their biogeographical limits.

scholarly journals Radial Growth Response of European Larch Provenances to Interannual Climate Variation in Poland

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Norbert Szymański ◽  
Sławomir Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Provenance Trials ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Climatic Elements

The present study identified the similarities and differences in the radial growth responses of 20 provenances of 51-year-old European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) trees from Poland to the climatic conditions at three provenance trials situated in the Polish lowlands (Siemianice), uplands (Bliżyn) and mountains (Krynica). A chronology of radial growth indices was developed for each of 60 European larch populations, which highlighted the interannual variations in the climate-mediated radial growth of their trees. With the aid of principal component, correlation and multiple regression analysis, supra-regional climatic elements were identified to which all the larch provenances reacted similarly at all three provenance trials. They increased the radial growth in years with a short, warm and precipitation-rich winter; a cool and humid summer and when high precipitation in late autumn of the previous year was noted. Moreover, other climatic elements were identified to which two groups of the larch provenances reacted differently at each provenance trial. In the lowland climate, the provenances reacted differently to temperature in November to December of the previous year and July and to precipitation in September. In the upland climate, the provenances differed in growth sensitivity to precipitation in October of the previous year and June–September. In the mountain climate, the provenances responded differently to temperature and precipitation in September of the previous year and to precipitation in February, June and September of the year of tree ring formation. The results imply that both climatic factors and origin (genotype), i.e., the genetic factor, mediate the climate–growth relationships of larch provenances.

scholarly journals Plastic Responses of Magnolia schiedeana Schltdl., a Relict-Endangered Mexican Cloud Forest Tree, to Climatic Events: Evidences from Leaf Venation and Wood Vessel Anatomy

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Ernesto C. Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
Jeymy Adriana Valdez-Nieto ◽  
José Antonio Vázquez-García ◽  
Gregg Dieringer ◽  
Isolda Luna-Vega
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tropical Montane Cloud Forest ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Leaf Vein ◽  
Montane Cloud Forest ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors

The Mexican tropical montane cloud forest trees occur under special and limited climatic conditions; many of these species are particularly more sensitive to drought stress. Hydric transport in leaf veins and wood features are influenced by climatic variations and individual intrinsic factors, which are essential processes influencing xylogenesis. We assessed the plastic response to climatic oscillation in two relict-endangered Magnolia schiedeana Schltdl. populations and associated the architecture of leaf vein traits with microenvironmental factors and wood anatomy features with climatic variables. The microenvironmental factors differed significantly between the two Magnolia populations and significantly influenced variation in M. schiedeana leaf venation traits. The independent chronologies developed for the two study forests were dated back 171–190 years. The climate-growth analysis showed that M. schiedeana growth is strongly related to summer conditions and growth responses to Tmax, Tmin, and precipitation. Our study highlights the use of dendroecological tools to detect drought effects. This association also describes modifications in vessel traits recorded before, during, and after drought events. In conclusion, our results advance our understanding of the leaf vein traits and wood anatomy plasticity in response to microenvironmental fluctuations and climate in the tropical montane cloud forest.

Tree-ring model interprets growth decline in natural stands of loblolly pine in the southeastern United States

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Zahner ◽  
Joseph R. Saucier ◽  
Richard K. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Aggregate Model ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Pine Stands

Annual ring widths and ring areas from 131 even-aged, natural, well-stocked stands of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) in the Piedmont region were analyzed to reveal possible causes of a previously reported decline in radial growth. A linear aggregate model was used to separate independent factors that are known to contribute to radial growth variation in this species. Stand, site, and climatic conditions were reconstructed for each stand for the 36-year period 1949–1984 from previous inventories and from weather records at appropriately located stations. Within each of six 5-year age-classes, the model identified declines in both ring width and ring area associated with stand density, climate changes, and the passage of time. Regional climate first ameliorated this decline as pine stands passed from droughty conditions early in the 36-year period to a favorable climate during the middle of the period, and the decline accelerated later with the return of dry conditions toward the end of the period. The tree-ring model simulates a decline in radial increment in trees in natural pine stands between the ages of 20 and 45 years in the Piedmont which has averaged 1% per year since 1950. Part of the downward trend was attributed to increased competition, part to regional drought, and a considerable part to unidentified factors, possibly regional atmospheric deposition.

scholarly journals Physiological and Growth Responses to Increasing Drought of an Endangered Tree Species in Southwest China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuji Zheng ◽  
Xiaohua Gou ◽  
Jiajia Su ◽  
Haowen Fan ◽  
Ailing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Endangered Tree ◽  
Endangered Tree Species ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency

Research Highlights: We compared annually resolved records of tree-ring width and stable isotope of dead and surviving Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas trees. We provide new insights into the relationships and sensitivity of tree growth to past and current climate, and explored the underlying mechanism of drought-induced mortality in F. hodginsii. Background and Objectives: Drought-induced tree decline and mortality are increasing in many regions around the world. Despite the high number of studies that have explored drought-induced decline, species-specific responses to drought still makes it difficult to apply general responses to specific species. The endangered conifer species, Fokienia hodginsii, has experienced multiple drought-induced mortality events in recent years. Our objective was to investigate the historical and current responses to drought of this species. Materials and Methods: We used annually resolved ring-width and δ13C chronologies to investigate tree growth and stand physiological responses to climate change and elevated CO2 concentration (Ca) in both dead and living trees between 1960 and 2015. Leaf intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), Ci/Ca and intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) were derived from δ13C. Results: δ13C were positively correlated with mean vapor pressure deficit and PDSI from previous October to current May, while ring widths were more sensitive to climatic conditions from previous June to September. Moreover, the relationships between iWUE, basal area increment (BAI), and Ci/Ca changed over time. From 1960s to early 1980s, BAI and iWUE maintained a constant relationship with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. After the mid-1980s, we observed a decrease in tree growth, increase in the frequency of missing rings, and an unprecedented increase in sensitivity of 13C and radial growth to drought, likely related to increasingly dry conditions. Conclusions: We show that the recent increase in water stress is likely the main trigger for the unprecedented decline in radial growth and spike in mortality of F. hodginsii, which may have resulted from diminished carbon fixation and water availability. Given that the drought severity and frequency in the region is expected to increase in the future, our results call for effective mitigation strategies to maintain this endangered tree species.

scholarly journals Influence of Climate on Radial Growth of Black Pine on the Mountain Regions of Southwestern Turkey

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Mehmet Doğan ◽  
Nesibe Köse
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Mountain Regions

In this study, we identified the most important climate factors affecting the radial growth of black pine at different elevations of the mountain regions of Southwestern Turkey (Sandıras Mountain, Muğla/Turkey). We used four black pine tree-ring chronologies, which represent upper and lower distribution limits of black pine forest on the South and North slopes of Sandıras Mountain. The relationships between tree-ring width and climate were identified using response function analysis. We performed hierarchical cluster analysis to classify the response functions into meaningful groups. Black pine trees in the mountain regions of Southwestern Turkey responded positively to a warmer temperature and high precipitation at the beginning of the growing season. As high summer temperatures exacerbated drought, radial growth was affected negatively. Hierarchical cluster analysis made clear that elevation differences, rather than aspect, was the main factor responsible for the formation of the clusters. Due to the mountainous terrain of the study area, the changing climatic conditions (air temperature and precipitation) affected the tree-ring widths differently depending on elevation.

scholarly journals Dendroclimatic Assessment of Ponderosa Pine Radial Growth along Elevational Transects in Western Montana, U.S.A.

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan E. Montpellier ◽  
Peter T. Soulé ◽  
Paul A. Knapp ◽  
Justin T. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Climate Conditions

Ponderosa pine (PP) is the most common and widely distributed pine species in the western United States, spanning from southern Canada to the United States–Mexico border. PP can be found growing between sea level and 3000 meters elevation making them an ideal species to assess the effects of changing climatic conditions at a variety of elevations. Here we compare PP standardized and raw growth responses to climate conditions along an elevational transect spanning 1000 meters in western Montana, U.S.A., a region that experienced a 20th century warming trend and is expected to incur much warmer (3.1–4.5 °C) and slightly drier summers (~0.3 cm decrease per month) by the end on the 21st century. Specifically, we assess if there are climate/growth differences based on relative (i.e., site-specific) and absolute (i.e., combined sites) elevation between groups of trees growing in different elevational classes. We find that values of the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) in July are most strongly related to radial growth and that within-site elevation differences are a poor predictor of the response of PP to either wet or dry climatic conditions (i.e., years with above or below average July PDSI values). These results suggest that any generalization that stands of PP occurring at their elevational margins are most vulnerable to changing climatic may not be operative at these sites in western Montana. Our results show that when using standardized ring widths, PP growing at the lowest and highest elevations within western Montana exhibit differential growth during extreme climatological conditions with lower-elevation trees outperforming higher-elevation trees during dry years and vice versa during wet years.

scholarly journals Geographical, Climatological, and Biological Characteristics of Tree Radial Growth Response to Autumn Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Tei ◽  
Ayumi Kotani ◽  
Atsuko Sugimoto ◽  
Nagai Shin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Tree Radial Growth

Terrestrial forest ecosystems are crucial to the global carbon cycle and climate system; however, these ecosystems have experienced significant warming rates in recent decades, whose impact remains uncertain. This study investigated radial tree growth using the tree-ring width index (RWI) for forest ecosystems throughout the Northern Hemisphere to determine tree growth responses to autumn climate change, a season which remains considerably understudied compared to spring and summer, using response function and random forest machine learning methods. Results showed that autumn climate conditions significantly impact the RWI throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Spatial variations in the RWI response were influenced by geography (latitude, longitude, and elevation), climatology, and biology (tree genera); however, geographical and/or climatological characteristics explained more of the response compared to biological characteristics. Higher autumn temperatures tended to negatively impact tree radial growth south of 40° N in regions of western Asia, southern Europe, United State of America and Mexico, which was similar to the summer temperature response found in previous studies, which was attributed to temperature-induced water stress.

scholarly journals Changes in Sensitivity of Tree-Ring Widths to Climate in a Tropical Moist Forest Tree in Bangladesh

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Mahmuda Islam ◽  
Jakob Wernicke ◽  
Achim Bräuning
Keyword(s):  
Climate Sensitivity ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Moist Forest

Tree growth in the tropics is strongly influenced by climate. However, reported tree growth responses to climate are largely inconsistent, varying with geographic location, forest type, and tree species. It is thus important to study the growth responses of tropical trees in sites and species that are under-represented so far. Bangladesh, a country influenced by the Asian monsoon climate, is understudied in terms of tree growth response to climate. In the present study, we developed a 121-year-long regional ring-width index chronology of Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss. sampled in two moist forest sites in Bangladesh to investigate tree growth responses to climate in monsoon South Asia. Standard dendrochronological methods were used to produce the ring-width chronologies. The climate sensitivity of C. tabularis was assessed through bootstrap correlation analysis and the stationarity and consistency of climate–growth relationships was evaluated using moving correlation functions and comparing the regression slopes of two sub-periods (1950–1985 and 1986–2015). Tree growth was negatively correlated with the mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures, particularly during the early growing season (March). Likewise, precipitation negatively influenced tree growth in the later growing season (October). Besides, radial growth of Chukrasia sharply ceased in years following strong and moderate El Niño events. In parallel with a significant positive trend in local temperatures, tree growth sensitivity to early growing season (March–April) mean temperatures and July minimum temperatures increased in recent decades. Tree growth sensitivity to October precipitation and April vapor pressure deficit also increased. Overall, climate–growth relationships were stronger during the period 1986–2015 than during 1950–1985. Changes in climate sensitivity might be linked to a warming trend that induced an increase in the dry season length during recent decades. With a further predicted temperature increase at our study sites, our results suggest that radial growth of C. tabularis will further decline in response to climate warming.

scholarly journals Relating Climate, Drought and Radial Growth in Broadleaf Mediterranean Tree and Shrub Species: A New Approach to Quantify Climate-Growth Relationships

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
J. Julio Camarero ◽  
Álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Correlation Analyses

The quantification of climate–growth relationships is a fundamental step in tree-ring sciences. This allows the assessment of functional responses to climate warming, particularly in biodiversity and climate-change hotspots including the Mediterranean Basin. In this region, broadleaf tree and shrub species of pre-Mediterranean, subtropical origin, have to withstand increased aridification trends. However, they have not been widely studied to assess their long-term growth responses to climate and drought. Since these species evolved under less seasonal and wetter conditions than strictly Mediterranean species, we hypothesized that their growth would mainly respond to higher precipitation and water availability from spring to early summer. Here, we quantified climate–growth relationships in five of these broadleaf species showing different leaf phenology and wood type (Pistacia terebinthus L., Pistacia lentiscus L., Arbutus unedo L., Celtis australis L., and Laurus nobilis L.) by using dendrochronology. We calculated Pearson correlations between crossdated, indexed, mean ring width series of each species (chronologies) and monthly climate variables (mean temperature, total precipitation). We also calculated correlations between the species’ chronologies and a drought index on 7-day scales. Lastly, we compared the correlation analyses with “climwin” analyses based on an information-theoretic approach and subjected to cross-validation and randomization tests. As expected, the growth of all species was enhanced in response to wet and cool conditions during spring and early summer. In some species (P. lentiscus, A. unedo, C. australis,) high prior-winter precipitation also enhanced growth. Growth of most species strongly responded to 9-month droughts and the correlations peaked from May to July, except in L. nobilis which showed moderate responses. The “climwin” analyses refined the correlation analyses by (i) showing the higher explanatory power of precipitation (30%) vs. temperature (7%) models, (ii) selecting the most influential climate windows with June as the median month, and (iii) providing significant support to the precipitation model in the case of P. terebinthus confirming that the radial growth of this species is a robust proxy of hydroclimate variability. We argue that “climwin” and similar frameworks based on information-theoretic approaches should be applied by dendroecologists to critically assess and quantify climate–growth relationships in woody plants with dendrochronological potential.

Linking functional traits and climate-growth relationships in Mediterranean species through wood density

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-S2 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Julio Camarero
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Growth Variability

ABSTRACTFunctional traits are considered to influence the performance of woody plants. However, few field studies have tested this idea by using radial-growth data. Here, I test if five major traits of the leafand wood-economics spectra (height, leaf area, specific leaf area – SLA, wood density – WD and hydraulic diameter) explain climate-growth relationships in 14 Mediterranean trees and shrubs. Traits were measured for both gymnosperm (four Juniperus species plus three Pinus species) and angiosperm species (two Quercus species, two Pistacia species, Arbutus unedo, Celtis australis, and one Tamarix species). Climategrowth relationships were calculated relating ring-width indices (RWIs) and local climate data. Leaf area and SLA were high in broadleaf deciduous species (e.g., C. australis), and low in junipers. WD reached minimum and maximum values in pine and oak species, respectively. WD explained 45 % of the variation of the association observed between RWI and April precipitation, one of the main climatic variables driving radial growth. Therefore, WD is a relevant functional trait useful to predict the performance of Mediterranean woody plant species, specifically concerning their growth responses to climate. Functional traits as WD should be further explored to explain growth variability between and within woody species, and to link this variability with responsiveness to climate and ecosystem productivity.

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