scholarly journals The Challenge of Diffusion in Forest Plans: A Methodological Proposal and Case Study

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xabier Bruña-García ◽  
Manuel Marey-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2398-2410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Eyvindson ◽  
Annika Kangas ◽  
Mikko Kurttila ◽  
Teppo Hujala

The development of new alternative plans based on applying multicriteria decision making (MCDM) techniques in discrete choice situations has received little attention in the context of forest planning. This article proposes a two-stage approach to be applied in participatory decision-making situations in which a specific number of initial alternatives are evaluated by the decision makers (DMs) using MCDM analysis. The preference information, obtained from these analyses in the form of target values, is then used for generating still more efficient forest plans. This paper concentrates on the latter stage and tests nine different goal programming (GP) formulations. This paper uses the formulas and preference information obtained from a case study of three forest owners to generate new forest plans. Among the tested techniques, formulas with a penalty function provided the most appropriate plans. These GP formulations could enhance the participatory planning processes in which a discrete number of alternatives are evaluated. With further development, this process could be applied to a variety of forest ownership types and could be a useful tool in supporting group decision making. This proposed approach could facilitate an increase in the DMs’ satisfaction and an increased commitment towards the derived decision.


2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E Lundquist ◽  
Larry R Lindner ◽  
John Popp

Several metrics for spatial heterogeneity based on distribution of stands suitable for old growth were calculated for the actual and optimal conditions of a watershed in the Medicine Bow National Forest in Wyoming. Optimal conditions were based on expert opinions. The actual condition was compared with target conditions using a multivariate method called profiling, which develops profiles based on various spatial statistics and examines the similarity of these profiles using a multidimensional scaling (MDS) procedure. Profiles for various target landscapes clustered together in MDS space, and this space could be defined and quantified using a kernel density estimator. The distance from the centroid of the target space to the position of the actual stand is used as a measure of dissimilarity. By comparing the condition of a given watershed to that of what experts envisioned would be optimal, we argue that the relative condition of the watershed can be characterized. We make a distinction between stand-scale metrics and landscape-scale metrics. We propose that this method may be useful in quantifying changes in landscape conditions and could be useful as a monitoring method in forest plans.


1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Tomoko Takahashi ◽  
Satoshi Tatsuhara ◽  
Yuejun Zheng ◽  
Hidejiro Nagumo

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.


Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.


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