scholarly journals Community Earth System Model Simulations Reveal the Relative Importance of Afforestation and Forest Management to Surface Temperature in Eastern North America

Forests ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
North America ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Community Earth System Model

scholarly journals Towards Characterizing the Variability of Statistically Consistent Community Earth System Model Simulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1589-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Milroy ◽  
Allison H. Baker ◽  
Dorit M. Hammerling ◽  
John M. Dennis ◽  
Sheri A. Mickelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Community Earth System Model

scholarly journals Coccolithophore Growth and Calcification in an Acidified Ocean: Insights From Community Earth System Model Simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1418-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Krumhardt ◽  
N. S. Lovenduski ◽  
M. C. Long ◽  
M. Levy ◽  
K. Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Community Earth System Model

scholarly journals Effects of strongly eddying oceans on multidecadal climate variability in the Community Earth System Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Jüling ◽  
Anna von der Heydt ◽  
Henk A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Multidecadal Variability ◽  
Global Mean Surface Temperature ◽  
Ocean Flows ◽  
Community Earth System Model ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract. Climate variability on multidecadal time scales appears to be organized in pronounced patterns with clear expressions in sea surface temperature, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. These patterns are now well studied both in observations and global climate models and are important in the attribution of climate change. Results from CMIP5 models have indicated large biases in these patterns with consequences for ocean heat storage variability and eventually the global mean surface temperature. In this paper, we use two multi-century Community Earth System Model simulations at coarse (1°) and fine (0.1°) ocean model horizontal grid spacing to study the effects of the representation of mesoscale ocean flows on major patterns of multidecadal variability. We find that resolving mesoscale ocean flows both improves the characteristics of the modes of variability with respect to observations and increases the amplitude of the heat content variability in the individual ocean basins. The effect on the global mean surface temperature is relatively minor.

A dissection of the surface temperature biases in the Community Earth System Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2043-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Won Park ◽  
Yi Deng ◽  
Ming Cai ◽  
Jee-Hoon Jeong ◽  
Renjun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Community Earth System Model

scholarly journals A consistent prescription of stratospheric aerosol for both radiation and chemistry in the Community Earth System Model (CESM1)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2459-2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Reynolds Neely III ◽  
Andrew J. Conley ◽  
Francis Vitt ◽  
Jean-François Lamarque
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Pinatubo Eruption ◽  
Community Earth System Model ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract. Here we describe an updated parameterization for prescribing stratospheric aerosol in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Earth System Model (CESM1). The need for a new parameterization is motivated by the poor response of the CESM1 (formerly referred to as the Community Climate System Model, version 4, CCSM4) simulations contributed to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) to colossal volcanic perturbations to the stratospheric aerosol layer (such as the 1991 Pinatubo eruption or the 1883 Krakatau eruption) in comparison to observations. In particular, the scheme used in the CMIP5 simulations by CESM1 simulated a global mean surface temperature decrease that was inconsistent with the GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), NOAA's National Climatic Data Center, and the Hadley Centre of the UK Met Office (HADCRUT4). The new parameterization takes advantage of recent improvements in historical stratospheric aerosol databases to allow for variations in both the mass loading and size of the prescribed aerosol. An ensemble of simulations utilizing the old and new schemes shows CESM1's improved response to the 1991 Pinatubo eruption. Most significantly, the new scheme more accurately simulates the temperature response of the stratosphere due to local aerosol heating. Results also indicate that the new scheme decreases the global mean temperature response to the 1991 Pinatubo eruption by half of the observed temperature change, and modelled climate variability precludes statements as to the significance of this change.

scholarly journals Regional Climate Simulations With the Community Earth System Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gettelman ◽  
P. Callaghan ◽  
V. E. Larson ◽  
C. M. Zarzycki ◽  
J. T. Bacmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Community Earth System Model

scholarly journals Evaluating simplified chemical mechanisms within present-day simulations of the Community Earth System Model version 1.2 with CAM4 (CESM1.2 CAM-chem): MOZART-4 vs. Reduced Hydrocarbon vs. Super-Fast chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4155-4174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Brown-Steiner ◽  
Noelle E. Selin ◽  
Ronald Prinn ◽  
Simone Tilmes ◽  
Louisa Emmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Cost ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Community Earth System Model ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Fast Mechanism

Abstract. While state-of-the-art complex chemical mechanisms expand our understanding of atmospheric chemistry, their sheer size and computational requirements often limit simulations to short lengths or ensembles to only a few members. Here we present and compare three 25-year present-day offline simulations with chemical mechanisms of different levels of complexity using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Version 1.2 CAM-chem (CAM4): the Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) mechanism, the Reduced Hydrocarbon mechanism, and the Super-Fast mechanism. We show that, for most regions and time periods, differences in simulated ozone chemistry between these three mechanisms are smaller than the model–observation differences themselves. The MOZART-4 mechanism and the Reduced Hydrocarbon are in close agreement in their representation of ozone throughout the troposphere during all time periods (annual, seasonal, and diurnal). While the Super-Fast mechanism tends to have higher simulated ozone variability and differs from the MOZART-4 mechanism over regions of high biogenic emissions, it is surprisingly capable of simulating ozone adequately given its simplicity. We explore the trade-offs between chemical mechanism complexity and computational cost by identifying regions where the simpler mechanisms are comparable to the MOZART-4 mechanism and regions where they are not. The Super-Fast mechanism is 3 times as fast as the MOZART-4 mechanism, which allows for longer simulations or ensembles with more members that may not be feasible with the MOZART-4 mechanism given limited computational resources.

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