scholarly journals Suitability of Soil Erosion Models for the Evaluation of Bladed Skid Trail BMPs in the Southern Appalachians

Forests ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vinson ◽  
Scott Barrett ◽  
W. Aust ◽  
M. Bolding
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
Erosion Models

Selecting suitable climate models for examining future changes in soil erosion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Brannigan ◽  
Donal Mullan ◽  
Karel Vandaele ◽  
Conor Graham ◽  
Jennifer McKinley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Suitable Climate ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Soil Erosion By Water ◽  
The Impact

<p>Climate models consistently project large increases in the frequency and magnitude of extreme precipitation events in the 21st century, revealing the potential for widespread impacts on various aspects of society. While the impacts on flooding receive particular attention, there is also considerable damage and associated cost for other precipitation driven phenomena, including soil erosion and muddy flooding. Multiple studies have shown that climate change will worsen the impacts of soil erosion and muddy flooding in various regions. These studies typically drive erosion models with a single model or a few models with little justification. A blind approach to climate model selection increases the risk of simulating a narrower range of possible scenarios, limiting vital information for mitigation planning and adaptation. This study provides a comprehensive methodology to efficiently select suitable climate models for simulating soil erosion and muddy flooding. For a case study region in eastern Belgium using the WEPP soil erosion model, we compare the performance of our novel methodology against other model selection methods for a future period (2081 – 2100). The main findings reveal that our novel methodology is successful in generating the widest range of future scenarios from a small number of models, when compared with other ways of selecting climate models. This approach has not previously been achieved for modelling soil erosion by water. Other precipitation-driven impact sectors may also wish to consider applying this method to assess the impact of future climatic changes, so that the worst- and best-case scenarios can be adequately prepared for.</p>

Assessment of soil erosion models for predicting soil loss in cracked vegetated compacted surface layer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash Jyoti Bora ◽  
Sanandam Bordoloi ◽  
Sreeja Pekkat ◽  
Ankit Garg ◽  
Sreedeep Sekharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Models

Timely Decision Support for Watershed Management with WEPPcloud

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Brooks ◽  
Mariana Dobre ◽  
Roger Lew ◽  
Chinmay Deval ◽  
Anurag Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Watershed Management ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Erosion Models

<p>Since the development and availability of GIS-based software and satellite imagery, there has been a vision that watershed managers would have near-real-time, three-dimensional hydrologic and soil erosion models that could easily assess impacts of watershed management decisions at high spatial resolutions across multiple scales.  Our research team has made significant advances to address this challenging problem especially in the forest environment. The technology and data retrieval and access has dramatically improved to the point where it is possible to provide useful, near-real-time, geospatial decision support for watershed managers.  This talk describes an online watershed model called WEPPcloud, widely used by the Forest Service and one of the FSWEPP suite of watershed tools, which is based fundamentally on a process-based hydrologic, soil erosion model (WEPP, Water Erosion Prediction Project).  WEPPcloud is driven by discoverable, data-rich geospatial mapping products (e.g. soils, topography, satellite-based vegetation characteristics) and management libraries. It accesses daily grid-based historical and future projected climatic data to provide a comprehensive spatially and temporally explicit assessment of the impacts of management decisions on hydrologic response and sediment transport.  Currently, WEPPcloud can be applied throughout the continental US, and beta versions are available for Australia and Europe. We will demonstrate this tools’ development and application to guide pre-fire fuel management and post-fire mitigation, flood risk for communities where drinking water supplies and water resources are vulnerable to wildfire. We will discuss the ongoing limitations, challenges and opportunities towards more fully incorporating geospatial hydrologic and soil erosion models into watershed management decisions.</p>

Application of a physically based soil erosion model, GUEST, in the absence of data on runoff rates I. Theory and methodology

Soil Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Yu ◽  
C. W. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Erosion Model ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Loss Data ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Data Requirements

When physically based erosion models such as GUEST are used to determine soil erodibility parameters or to predict the rate of soil loss, data on runoff rates, as distinct from event runoff amount, are often needed. Data on runoff rates, however, are not widely available. This paper describes methods that can be used to overcome this lack of data on runoff rates. These methods require only rainfall rates and runoff amounts, which are usually available for sites set up primarily to test and validate the USLE technology. In addition, the paper summarises the data requirements for the erosion model GUEST and application procedures. In the accompanying paper, these methods are applied to 4 experimental sites in the ASIALAND Network.

Modelling of impacts of erosion processes on agricultural landscapes due to intensive rainfall events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Kohnová ◽  
Zuzana Németová
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models

<p>At present, the occurrence of extreme precipitation events is becoming more and more frequent and therefore it is important to quantify their impact on the landscape and soil degradation processes. Until now a wide range of soil erosion models have been developed and many significant studies performed to evaluate soil erosion processes at local and regional level, but there are still many modeling principles that suffer from a range of problems. The general problem in soil erosion modelling lies in the validation and verification of the methodologies used. The validation of erosion models is a very complicated and complex process due to lack of suitable sites, financial demands and due to the high temporal and spatial variability. The paper points to validate the physically and event-based Erosion-3D model predominantly developed to calculate the amounts of soil loss, surface runoff, and depositions resulting from natural and design rainfall events. In the study two different erosion assessment methods were chosen in order to compare diverse evaluation approaches. Both water erosion assessment methods used have certain advantages and disadvantages, but nowadays the use of physically-based models, which are a younger generation of models, are regarded to be a more innovative and effective technique for the evaluation of complex runoff-erosion processes, deposition and transport processes. The significant contribution of physically-based models is seen in their more precise representation of the erosion and deposition processes, a more proper calculation of the erosion, deposition and sediment yields and the application of more complicated characteristics, including fluctuating soil conditions and surface properties in comparison with empirical models. The validation of the models was performed based on the continuous rainfall events for the period selected (2015, 2016 and 2017). The extreme rainfall events occurring during the period were chosen and their serious impact on the agricultural land was modeled. The modelled sediment data were compared with the measured sediment deposition data obtained by a bathymetry survey of the Svacenicky Creek polder. The polder is situated in the middle of the Myjava hill lands in the western part of Slovakia and the bathymetry measurement were conducted using a hydrographical survey using the EcoMapper Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) device. The results of the study include a comparison between the modelled and measured data and an assessment of the impact of the intensive rainfall events on the investigated territory.</p><p>Key words: intensive rainfall events, agricultural land, soil degradation processes, hydrological extremes, physically-based model</p>

scholarly journals Grid Scale Effects on Watershed Soil Erosion Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalia Rojas ◽  
Mark Velleux ◽  
Pierre Y. Julien ◽  
Billy E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Erosion Models

scholarly journals The use of a raindrop aggregate destruction device to evaluate sediment and soil organic carbon transport

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Xiao ◽  
Y. Hu ◽  
P. Greenwood ◽  
N. J. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Natural Sediment ◽  
Soil Fractions ◽  
Aggregate Breakdown ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Raindrop Impact

Abstract. Raindrop impact and subsequent aggregate breakdown can potentially change the movement behaviour of soil fractions and thus alter their transport distances when compared against non-impacted aggregates. In a given water layer, the transport distances of eroded soil fractions, and thus that of the associated substances across landscapes, such as soil organic carbon (SOC) and phosphorous, are determined by the settling velocities of the eroded soil fractions. However, using mineral size distribution to represent the settling velocities of soil fractions, as often applied in current erosion models, would ignore the potential influence of aggregation on the settling behaviour of soil fractions. The destructive effects of raindrops impacting onto aggregates are also often neglected in current soil erosion models. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a proxy method to effectively simulate aggregate breakdown under raindrop impact, and further identify the settling velocity of eroded sediment and the associated SOC. Two agricultural soils with different sandy and silty loam textures were subjected to rainfall using a raindrop aggregate destruction device (RADD). The aggregates sustained after raindrop impact were fractionated by a settling tube into six different classes according to their respective settling velocities. The same mass amount of bulk soil of each soil type was also dispersed and sieved into the same six classes, to form a comparison in size distribution. The SOC content was measured for each settled and dispersed class. Our results show the following: (1) for an aggregated soil, applying dispersed mineral grain size distribution, rather than its actual aggregate distribution, to soil erosion models would lead to a biased estimation on the redistribution of eroded sediment and SOC; (2) the RADD designed in this study effectively captures the effects of raindrop impact on aggregate destruction and is thus able to simulate the quasi-natural sediment spatial redistribution; (3) further RADD tests with more soils under standard rainfall combined with local rainfalls are required to optimize the method.

scholarly journals Soil Erosion and Sediment Deposition Modelling at the Small Catchment Scale

Geografie ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Vysloužilová ◽  
Zdeněk Kliment
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Deposition Processes ◽  
Gis Environment

Water erosion is considered to be the most important factor behind the degradation of agricultural land. Many methods of measuring soil erosion processes, using mathematical models, have been developed in recent years. The most widespread of these, USLE, and its modifications have been used as the basis for new erosion models. Two such models, USPED (Mitášová et al. 1996) and WaTEM/SEDEM (Van Rompaey et al. 2001; Van Oost et al. 2000; Verstraeten et al. 2002), have been utilized to study erosion and deposition processes in the experimental rural catchment of Černičí. River sediment transport is also calculated using the WaTEM/ SEDEM model. The results are discussed with results from USLE and a field survey. The article also presents brief instructions for implementing the models in a GIS environment.

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