scholarly journals Relationship between Tree Richness and Temporary Stability of Plant Communities: A Case Study of a Forest in Northeast China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1756
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Jia ◽  
Shusen Ge ◽  
Yutang Li ◽  
Dongwei Kang ◽  
Junqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Community Characteristics ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Significant Linear Relationship ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stability Of Plant Communities

The relationship between diversity and stability is a classic issue in ecology, but no general consensus has been achieved. To address this relationship, a field survey of a forest in Northeast China was conducted. The temporary stability was defined from the perspective of community characteristics. The results showed that communities with the highest temporary stability value were characterized by a single dominant species. A significant linear relationship with a low R2 value was observed between temporary stability and tree richness. When dominant and non-dominant tree species were studied, no significant linear relationship was obtained between temporary stability and non-dominant tree richness. However, the relationship between temporary stability and dominant tree richness was significant with a high R2 value, and the temporary stability decreased with increasing dominant tree richness. This study demonstrates that dominant tree richness is closely related to temporary stability, and temporary stability can serve as a stability indicator. The results provide a new perspective for understanding stability and additional information for revealing the relationship between diversity and stability in forest ecosystems.

The New Vitality of Modern Concrete Constructions

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1550-1555
Author(s):  
Tie Mao Shi ◽  
Dong Xu Xu ◽  
Feng Ming Xi
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

The paper compared the differences between modern concrete and traditional concrete with a new perspective on concrete constructions. The renewability, building energy efficiency, ecological benefits and value of modern concrete constructions are analyzed. How the modern concrete changes the disadvantages was explained by case study and system analysis. The paper paid more attention to the relationship between the generation of architectural form and concrete building materials. The analysis showed that modern concrete was still a vital building material with the effect of carbon sequestration.

scholarly journals Use of Taxonomic and Trait-Based Approaches to Evaluate the Effect of Bt maize Expressing Cry1Ie Protein on Non-Target Collembola: A Case Study in Northeast China

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Bai-Feng Wang ◽  
Feng-Ci Wu ◽  
Jun-Qi Yin ◽  
Zhi-Lei Jiang ◽  
Xin-Yuan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Maize Line ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Collembolan Community ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
The Relationship

To evaluate the effect of Bt maize expressing Cry1Ie protein on non-target soil Collembola, a two-year field study was conducted in Northeast China. Bt maize line IE09S034 and its near isoline Zong 31 were selected as experimental crops; we investigated the collembolan community using both taxonomic and trait-based approaches, and elucidated the relationship between environmental variables and the collembolan community using redundancy analysis (RDA).The ANOVA results showed that maize variety neither had significant effect on the parameters based on taxonomic approach (abundance, species richness, Shannon–Wiener index, Pielou’s evenness index), nor on the parameters based on trait-based approach (ocelli number, body length, pigmentation level, and furcula development) in either year. The results of RDA also showed that maize variety did not affect collembolan community significantly. These results suggest that two years cultivation of cry1Ie maize does not affect collembolan community in Northeast China.

Nonstandard Student Conceptions About Infinitesimals

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ely
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Nonstandard Analysis ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Student Conceptions ◽  
The Real ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Real Number Line ◽  
The Relationship

This is a case study of an undergraduate calculus student's nonstandard conceptions of the real number line. Interviews with the student reveal robust conceptions of the real number line that include infinitesimal and infinite quantities and distances. Similarities between these conceptions and those of G. W. Leibniz are discussed and illuminated by the formalization of infinitesimals in A. Robinson's nonstandard analysis. These similarities suggest that these student conceptions are not mere misconceptions, but are nonstandard conceptions, pieces of knowledge that could be built into a system of real numbers proven to be as mathematically consistent and powerful as the standard system. This provides a new perspective on students' “struggles” with the real numbers, and adds to the discussion about the relationship between student conceptions and historical conceptions by focusing on mechanisms for maintaining cognitive and mathematical consistency.

The Rate of Change of Mouth Occlusion Pressure during Exercise

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Siafakas ◽  
A. J. R. Morris ◽  
F. J. Prime
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Significant Linear Relationship ◽  
Progressive Exercise ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure ◽  
The Relationship

1. The initial rate of change of pressure at the mouth (dP/dt) during a brief occlusion of the airways at the beginning of inspiration has been estimated in nine healthy subjects at rest, during exercise and during the first 2 min of recovery. Exercise was carried out with progressively increasing loads to the maximum tolerated (progressive exercise) and also for a period of 6 min at a constant load of 60% of the maximum (steady-state exercise). 2. A highly significant linear relationship was found between work loads and dP/dt during progressive exercise in all our subjects. 3. A highly significant linear relationship was found between ventilation and dP/dt in both forms of exercise, but the slope of the regression line was steeper during progressive than during steady-state exercise in six out of nine subjects. 4. The pattern of breathing (VT, f, VT/Tinsp., Tinsp./Ttot.) did not account for the difference in the relationship between dP/dt and ventilation during the two forms of exercise. 5. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that dP/dt is an index of central inspiratory drive.

scholarly journals PARAMETRIC SURFACES FOR AUGMENTED ARCHITECTURE REPRESENTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 671-678
Author(s):  
M. Russo ◽  
S. Menconero ◽  
L. Baglioni
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Spatial Understanding ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
Topological Relationships ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Simple Interaction

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Augmented Reality (AR) represents a growing communication channel, responding to the need to expand reality with additional information, offering easy and engaging access to digital data. AR for architectural representation allows a simple interaction with 3D models, facilitating spatial understanding of complex volumes and topological relationships between parts, overcoming some limitations related to Virtual Reality. In the last decade different developments in the pipeline process have seen a significant advancement in technological and algorithmic aspects, paying less attention to 3D modeling generation. For this, the article explores the construction of basic geometries for 3D model’s generation, highlighting the relationship between geometry and topology, basic for a consistent normal distribution. Moreover, a critical evaluation about corrective paths of existing 3D models is presented, analysing a complex architectural case study, the virtual model of Villa del Verginese, an emblematic example for topological emerged problems. The final aim of the paper is to refocus attention on 3D model construction, suggesting some "good practices" useful for preventing, minimizing or correcting topological problems, extending the accessibility of AR to people engaged in architectural representation.</p>

Therapists' Expectancies and Patients' Improvement in Treatment: The Shape of the Link

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Martin ◽  
Marilynn L. Hunter ◽  
Kenneth E. Guhr ◽  
Nancey J. Acree
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Significant Linear Relationship ◽  
Therapeutic Gain ◽  
The Relationship

It has been hypothesized that therapists' expectancies for therapeutic gain by their patients are linked to the actual clinical improvement shown by the patients during treatment. It has also been hypothesized that therapists' expectancies may help cause patients' improvement. The first hypothesis has received empirical support, but the second has not. The study reported here tested a causative interpretation of the link between therapists' expectancies and patients' improvement, and a second interpretation that therapists' expectancies predict but do not cause patients' improvement. Based on motivation research it was reasoned that a significant curvilinear relationship between therapists' expectancy and patients' improvement would support a causative interpretation; a significant linear relationship between these variables would support a predictive interpretation. Multiple regression analyses produced evidence of a significant linear relationship between measures of expectancy and improvement, but no curvilinear component to the relationship. The results are interpreted as supporting the predictive interpretation. Some limitations of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Understanding water-related emotional distress for improving water services: a case study from an Ethiopian small town

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Thomas ◽  
Samuel Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper introduces the concept of emotional distress as a means of measuring the direct experience of inadequate access to drinking water in a small town in Ethiopia under the UNICEF-Government of Ethiopia urban ONEWASH plus programme. The paper explores a new perspective on the relationship between water technologies, water services, household socio-economic characteristics (as predictors) and mental health in its broad definition. Results indicate that water-related emotional distress is predominantly associated with the ‘cost of water’ and the ‘size of household’. Quantity of water, reliability of the preferred source and accessibility were not significant predictors to emotional distress. Whether the household accessed a pipe into a compound or another improved source was not a significant predictor either. The safely managed target in the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6.1 focuses on the affordability, accessibility and safety of water but does not explore the relation between cost and water-related emotional distress. This evidence offers a complementary approach to the ‘affordability of water services’ as it looks beyond the mere financial implications of water costs.

Phenomenological metaphors in readers’ engagement with characters: The case of Ian McEwan’sSaturday

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Caracciolo
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Seamless Integration ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
Conceptual Domain ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Level ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Claim

Internally focalized passages in narrative often employ metaphors to capture the experiential states of the focalizing character. My investigation of these metaphors – ‘phenomenological metaphors’, as I call them – has two important precedents in the fields of narratology and literary stylistics: Dorrit Cohn’s (1978) treatment of ‘psycho-analogies’ and Semino and Swindlehurst’s (1996) approach to metaphor and ‘mind style’. After positioning phenomenological metaphors vis-à-vis these related concepts, I put forward the central claim of this article: metaphorical language plays a role in readers’ engagement with focalizing characters because it can sustain readers’ illusion of experiencing a storyworld through the consciousness of a fictional being. But what is it about metaphorical language that makes it especially suited to bring about this effect on readers? In order to answer this question, I use Ian McEwan’s novel Saturday (2005) as a case study, presenting two different lines of argument. First, I contend that metaphors reflect, at a linguistic level, the seamless integration of perception, emotion and language that characterizes our everyday transactions with the world. Second, I look at the relationship between understanding metaphorical language and readers’ empathy for characters, arguing that the continuity between these psychological processes is grounded in their perspectival nature: just as metaphors invite recipients to adopt a new perspective on a conceptual domain, engaging with a focalizing character encourages readers to ‘try on’ his or her experiential perspective and worldview. Taken together, these hypotheses provide an explanation for the effectiveness of phenomenological metaphors at conveying to readers the qualitative ‘feel’ of characters’ experiences.

scholarly journals De cultuur van het televisiedebat - Veranderende percepties van de relatie tussen media en politiek, 1960 - heden

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harm Kaal
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
The Media ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Televised Debates

This article adopts a new perspective on the interaction between political parties and Dutch television in election campaigns from the 1960s onwards. Rather than exploring the ‘real’ impact of television on the nature and content of political campaigning, it presents a case study of televised debates in order to explore changing perceptions among parties and press regarding the so-called mediatization of politics. It shows that televised debates were at first perceived as a means to bridge the gap between politics and people. In the 1970s and early 1980s, when parties tried to control the set-up of these debates, they met with increasing criticism and were perceived as having hardly any influence on the outcome of the elections. Although the staging of the debates remained the same, midway through the 1980s perceptions of the impact of television dramatically changed. In response to the surprising outcome of the 1986 general election a discourse of mediatization and Americanization became dominant. This in turn resulted in a re-evaluation of the relationship between politics and the media in which the latter were now said to hold the upper hand.

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