scholarly journals Flowers Characteristics of Selected Species of Lime-Tree (Tilia spp.) in Terms of miRNA-Based Markers Activity, Mannose Expression and Biological Compounds Content

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1748
Author(s):  
Katarína Ražná ◽  
Jana Žiarovská ◽  
Eva Ivanišová ◽  
Lucia Urbanová ◽  
Ľubomír Harenčár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Transcription Activity ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Diverse Background ◽  
Lime Tree ◽  
Tilia Platyphyllos ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
Tilia Tomentosa

The significant healing effect of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. and Tilia cordata Mill. flowers are well known. However, the flowers of Tilia tomentosa Moench. are not suitable for harvest due to their toxic effects. To investigate the diverse background of this effect, we applied a functional miRNA-based marker, mannose expression analysis and determined the content of bioactive compounds. Out of nine tested markers, three (miR160, miR167 and miR408) provided reproducible miRNA-based loci and two of them (miR160 and miR398) enabled the acquisition of fingerprinting specific to flower and leaf samples of T. platyphyllos and T. tomentosa. The most pronounced profiling was specific for miR408 marker, the function of which is connected to plant defense and adaptation mechanisms. We confirmed the suitability of microRNA-based markers for polymorphism determination of flowers of selected species of lime-tree. The highest values of antioxidant activity, flavonoids, total polyphenols and phenolic acids content have been reached in silver linden flowers. When comparing the transcription activity of mannose in flowers, more than 30 times higher levels of mannose transcripts for the silver linden flowers was observed.

Simultaneous Determination of Epinephrine and Tyrosine Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Amplified with ZnO-Pt/CNTs Nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Samadzadeh ◽  
Iran Sheikhshoaie ◽  
Hassan Karimi-Maleh
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Linear Dynamic ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Human Blood And Urine

Background: Simultaneous analysis of epinephrine and tyrosine as two effective and important biological compounds in human blood and urine samples are very important for the investigation of human health. Objective: In this research, a highly effective voltammetric sensor fabricated for simultaneous analysis of epinephrine and tyrosine. The sensor was fabricated by the modification of glassy carbon electrode with ZnO-Pt/CNTs nanocomposite (ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE). The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by SEM method. The ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE showed two separated oxidation signals at potential ~220 mV and 700 mV for epinephrine and tyrosine, respectively. Also, we detected linear dynamic ranges 0.5-250.0 µM and 1.0-220 µM with a limit of detections 0.1 µM and 0.5 µM for the determination of epinephrine and tyrosine, respectively. The ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE was used for the determination of epinephrine and tyrosine in blood serum and human urine samples.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Determination with the Use of Carbon-Based Electrodes

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi ◽  
Aneta Pop ◽  
Florin Iordache ◽  
Loredana Stanca ◽  
Liviu Bilteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Chain Breaking ◽  
Nanomolar Range ◽  
Quench Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Carbon Based

Antioxidants are compounds that prevent or delay the oxidation process, acting at a much smaller concentration, in comparison to that of the preserved substrate. Primary antioxidants act as scavenging or chain breaking antioxidants, delaying initiation or interrupting propagation step. Secondary antioxidants quench singlet oxygen, decompose peroxides in non-radical species, chelate prooxidative metal ions, inhibit oxidative enzymes. Based on antioxidants’ reactivity, four lines of defense have been described: Preventative antioxidants, radical scavengers, repair antioxidants, and antioxidants relying on adaptation mechanisms. Carbon-based electrodes are largely employed in electroanalysis given their special features, that encompass large surface area, high electroconductivity, chemical stability, nanostructuring possibilities, facility of manufacturing at low cost, and easiness of surface modification. Largely employed methods encompass voltammetry, amperometry, biamperometry and potentiometry. Determination of key endogenous and exogenous individual antioxidants, as well as of antioxidant activity and its main contributors relied on unmodified or modified carbon electrodes, whose analytical parameters are detailed. Recent advances based on modifications with carbon-nanotubes or the use of hybrid nanocomposite materials are described. Large effective surface area, increased mass transport, electrocatalytical effects, improved sensitivity, and low detection limits in the nanomolar range were reported, with applications validated in complex media such as foodstuffs and biological samples.

scholarly journals Tolerance and adaptation mechanisms developed by Moringa oleifera (L) seeds under oxidative stress induced by salt stress during in vitro germination

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Oxidative Species ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

<p>The current study explores the capacities of Moringa oleifera (L), to overcome and/or tolerate oxidative stress induced by a saline substrate as a constraining factor. For this, Moringa seeds have been treated for 15 days after germination in vitro with increasing concentrations of NaCl, and specifically at 0 (control), 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5 and 15g l-1. Morpho-physiological and biochemical aspects were evaluated which were considered as probable indicators of tolerance or sensitivity to this stress. Our results reveal an increased synthesis of proline, lipids, proteins, CAT, GPX, APX, flavonoids, condensed tannins and a decrease in total polyphenols (-29.97%), mainly due to their high carbon cost. The state of degradation of the cell membranes was evaluated by the MDA assay, which increased by 91.25%. On the other hand, the evaluation of the oxidative damage caused by Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) was detected by H2O2, which decreased by 37.89%. Additionally, our results revealed a disturbance of the germinative power of the seeds indicating moderate resistance to stress as it was manifested by the development of epicotyledonary axes, even under 15 g l-1 of NaCl without showing symptoms of stress or sensitivity. This result supports our hypothesis of the ability of the species to maintain or even improve its oxidative status.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative pharmakognostical study of roots of Rosa Majalis Herrm. and Rosa Canina L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Tetiana Oproshanska ◽  
Olga Khvorost ◽  
Kateryna Skrebtsova ◽  
Konradas Vitkevicius
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Boundary Limits

The aim is to conduct a comparative pharmacognostical study of the series of roots of Rosa (R.) majalis Herrm. and Rosa (R.) canina L. with the establishment of diagnostic features of morphological and anatomical structure and boundary limits of numerical indicators of raw materials. Materials and methods. The fresh and dry raw materials were used to study the macroscopic microscopic features by microscope Delta optical BioLight 300 (Poland). Determination of total polyphenols was performed by spectrophotometry (on a spectrophotometer Optizen POP (Korea)) and HPLC (chromatograph an Agilent 1200 3 D LC System Technologies (USA)). Results. The morphological (nature of the surface (periderm) and fracture) and anatomical (color of cell walls and their cavities; location of the sclerenchyma; the presence of a crystalline coating of the sclerenchyma at the root of R. canina; of various elements of the remains of the tetraarchic conducting bundle in the center of the root) diagnostical features of roots of R. majalis and R. Canina were established. Comparing the numerical values of loss on drying (not more than 10 %), total ash (not more than 5 %), extractable matter (not less than 9 %) and the quantitative content of total polyphenols (not less than 4 %) it was determined that both types of raw materials according to these indicators are almost indistinguishable. Conclusions. Loss on drying, total ash, extractable matter and content of total polyphenols of the root of R. majalis and R. canina do not have significant differences, that is why the root of both plant species can be used as medicinal plant raw materials such as “Rose root”. The obtained data will be used in further research when creating methods of quality control of plant raw materials and phytomedicines

scholarly journals OVERSPREADING OF VISCUM ALBUM L. ON HONEY PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF VINNYTSIA REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Serhii Razanov ◽  
Volodymyr Nedashkivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Local Damage ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Tilia Platyphyllos ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Forest Lands

The intensity of damaging the nectar and pollen trees of forest lands, parks and woods in the conditions of Vinnytsia region has been studied. It has been found that in the zones of the highest local overspreading of Viscum album L. on the nectar and pollen trees, the following sequence of their damage is observed, in particular, in the conditions of forest lands: Tilia cordata L.-Tilia platyphyllos L. -Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.; in the parks: Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.- Tilia cordata L.- Acer campestre L.- Tilia platyphyllos L. - Robinia pseudoacacia L.; in the woods: Robinia pseudoacacia L. - Tilia platyphyllos L. - Acer tataricum L. It depended both on the composition of the nectar and pollen trees and their number in the area of distribution of the parasite. It was found that the level of damage to the nectar-dust-bearing trees of forest lands, parks and forest strips was respectively within 11.7% - 34.6%, 28.5% - 85.5% and 38.4% - 84.8%. Characterizing the intensity of distribution of white mistletoe within the forest lands, it should be noted that damage to the Tilia cordata L. – 34,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 23,5%, Acer platanoides L. and Acer tataricum L.– 25,0% and 11,7% . In the conditions of park plantations, damage to Viscum album L.: Tilia cordta– 51,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 52,9%, Viscum album L. – 28,5%, Acer platanoides L. – 85,5%, Acer campestre L. – 71,4% and Acer tataricum L.– 63,6%. Analysis of the intensity of Viscum album L. distribution on the nectar-pollen-bearing trees of the forest area under the highways showed that this parasite was damaged: Tilia platyphyllos L. – 38,4%, Viscum album L. – 84%, Acer campestre L. – 42,8%. The intensity of damage to nectar-pollen was found to depend on the dominant tree species in the area of local Viscum album L. In the woodland, a greater proportion of the nectar-bearing trees were Tilia, in the park zones – Acer platanoides L. and in the forest strips -– Viscum album L., at the same time, and a larger percentage were observed of damaged trees in these species. The distribution of Viscum album L. depended not only on the breed of nectar-pollen-bearing trees, but also on the number of trees of a particular variety in the area of their local damage by this parasite.

Microscopic features and phytochemistry of two Congolese medicinal plants: Aframomum alboviolaceum (Ridley) K. Schum, and Aframomum angustifolium (Sonn.) K. Schum. (Zingiberaceae).

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 043-052
Author(s):  
Clément Liyongo Inkoto ◽  
Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua ◽  
Adrien Tuwisana Masunda ◽  
Carlos Nkongolo Kabengele ◽  
Jeff Bekomo Iteku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
First Time

The leaves and seeds of Aframomum alboviolaceum and Aframomum angustifolium are specifically used by traditional healers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for the treatment of several pathologies. The aim of present study was to determine the microscopic characteristics and phytochemical composition of these species of the genus Aframomum. The microscopic study of these plants revealed the presence of punctate vessels, fiber cluster with calcium oxalate crystals, isolated unicellular hair, fibers, starch grains, spiral vessel fragments, fiber fragments, and indistinct parenchyma fragments. Phytochemical screening revealed several chemical groups such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids, terpenes, iridoids, saponins etc. The determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins gave contents ranging from 14.95 ± 0.45 and 63.98 ± 2.04 mgGAE/g, 0.16 ± 0.01 and 10.68 ± 0.32 mgQE/g and between 1.28 ± 0.03 and 28.51 ± 0.56 mg CAE/g respectively. In general, the leaves are richer in secondary metabolites, polyphenols, flavonoids and tannin than the seeds. Both plants also contain iron, magnesium, calcium and sodium. To our knowledge, this is the first time that histological elements have been identified in the leaves and seeds of A. angustifolium.

Determination of Total Polyphenols and Nutritional Composition of Two Different Types of Ficus carica Leaves Cultivated in Saudi Arabia

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1061-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Ghazi ◽  
Asmah Rahmat ◽  
Zaitun Yassin ◽  
Nurul Shazini Ramli ◽  
Nurul Amira Buslima
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Different Types
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