scholarly journals Atmospheric Methane Consumption and Methanotroph Communities in West Siberian Boreal Upland Forest Ecosystems

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Aleksandr F. Sabrekov ◽  
Olga V. Danilova ◽  
Irina E. Terentieva ◽  
Anastasia A. Ivanova ◽  
Svetlana E. Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Methane Uptake ◽  
Methane Oxidation Rate

Upland forest ecosystems are recognized as net sinks for atmospheric methane (CH4), one of the most impactful greenhouse gases. Biological methane uptake in these ecosystems occurs due to the activity of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria. Russia hosts one-fifth of the global forest area, with the most extensive forest landscapes located in West Siberia. Here, we report seasonal CH4 flux measurements conducted in 2018 in three types of stands in West Siberian middle taiga–Siberian pine, Aspen, and mixed forests. High rates of methane uptake of up to −0.184 mg CH4 m−2 h−1 were measured by a static chamber method, with an estimated total growing season consumption of 4.5 ± 0.5 kg CH4 ha−1. Forest type had little to no effect on methane fluxes within each season. Soil methane oxidation rate ranged from 0 to 8.1 ng CH4 gDW−1 h−1 and was negatively related to water-filled pore space. The microbial soil communities were dominated by the Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota. The major group of 16S rRNA gene reads from methanotrophs belonged to uncultivated Beijerinckiaceae bacteria. Molecular identification of methanotrophs based on retrieval of the pmoA gene confirmed that Upland Soil Cluster Alpha was the major bacterial group responsible for CH4 oxidation.

scholarly journals Carbon stock in litter of middle taiga forest ecosystems of Central Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
O Sergeeva ◽  
L Mukhortova ◽  
L Krivobokov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Multistage Processes ◽  
Taiga Forest

Abstract Litter plays an important role in the carbon cycle of forest ecosystems incorporating significant amount of carbon as a result of annual partial die-off of the biomass and releasing it during complex multistage processes of organic matter decomposition. The balance of these processes in the forests of permafrost zone significantly shifts towards the accumulation of dead organic matter. That makes the assessment of litter stock in these ecosystems particularly relevant, especially in relation to the predicted consequences of climate change in the study region. On the territory of middle taiga of Central Siberia, 14 sampling plots were established in the various landforms (slopes of different exposition, lowlands and uplands). The carbon stock in litter of the main forest types of the studied area varied from 0.47 to 4.46 kgC/m2. Also, the paper considers composition of litter accumulated in these ecosystems, including the ratio between fresh litterfall, fermented and humified plant residues, and dead roots. Our results demonstrated that fermented plant residues prevailed in the litter composition in most types of studied forest ecosystems due to specificity of hydrothermal regime and quality of litterfall. The results obtained might be applied to refine the carbon budget of Siberian forests.

ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СОСТОЯНИЯ ЛЕСНЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ПРИВОЛЖСКОЙ ВОЗВЫШЕННОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Kudryavtsev ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Volga Upland

Forest ecosystems transformation reflected to the reduction of the forest areas, fragmentation forests massifs, composition and structure alteration. Complex criteria to estimate of the forest ecosystems condition Volga Upland forest-steppe elaborated.

scholarly journals Net ecosystem exchange and energy fluxes in a West Siberian bog

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Alekseychik ◽  
Ivan Mammarella ◽  
Dmitry Karpov ◽  
Sigrid Dengel ◽  
Irina Terentieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Bowen Ratio ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Surface Exchange ◽  
Rainy Weather

Abstract. Very few studies of ecosystem-atmosphere exchange involving eddy-covariance data have been conducted in Siberia, and none in West Siberia. This work provides the first estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) and energy budgets at a typical bog of the West Siberian middle taiga based on May-August measurements in 2015. The footprint of measured fluxes consisted of homogeneous mixture of tree-covered ridges and hollows with the vegetation represented by typical sedges and shrubs. Generally, the surface exchange rates resembled those of pine-covered bogs elsewhere. The surface energy balance closure was 90 %. Net CO2 uptake was comparatively high, summing up to 196 gC m−2 for the four measurement months, while the Bowen ratio was typical at 30 %. The ecosystem turned into a net CO2 source during several front passage events in June and July. Several periods of heavy rain helped keep the water table at a constant level, preventing a usual drawdown in summer. However, because of the cloudy and rainy weather, the observed fluxes might rather represent the special weather conditions of 2015 than their typical level.

scholarly journals Variability in methane emissions from West Siberia's shallow boreal lakes on a regional scale and its environmental controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 3715-3742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr F. Sabrekov ◽  
Benjamin R. K. Runkle ◽  
Mikhail V. Glagolev ◽  
Irina E. Terentieva ◽  
Victor M. Stepanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Space ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Boreal Lakes ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Environmental Controls

Abstract. Small lakes represent an important source of atmospheric CH4 from northern wetlands. However, spatiotemporal variations in flux magnitudes and the lack of knowledge about their main environmental controls contribute large uncertainty into the global CH4 budget. In this study, we measured methane fluxes from small lakes using chambers and bubble traps. Field investigations were carried out in July–August 2014 within the West Siberian middle and southern taiga zones. The average and median of measured methane chamber fluxes were 0.32 and 0.30 mgCH4 m−2 h−1 for middle taiga lakes and 8.6 and 4.1 mgCH4 m−2 h−1 for southern taiga lakes, respectively. Pronounced flux variability was found during measurements on individual lakes, between individual lakes and between zones. To analyze these differences and the influences of environmental controls, we developed a new dynamic process-based model. It shows good performance with emission rates from the southern taiga lakes and poor performance for individual lakes in the middle taiga region. The model shows that, in addition to well-known controls such as temperature, pH and lake depth, there are significant variations in the maximal methane production potential between these climatic zones. In addition, the model shows that variations in gas-filled pore space in lake sediments are capable of controlling the total methane emissions from individual lakes. The CH4 emissions exhibited distinct zonal differences not only in absolute values but also in their probability density functions: the middle taiga lake fluxes were best described by a lognormal distribution while the southern taiga lakes followed a power-law distribution. The latter suggests applicability of self-organized criticality theory for methane emissions from the southern taiga zone, which could help to explain the strong variability within individual lakes.

scholarly journals The consumption of atmospheric methane by soil in a simulated future climate

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2355-2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Methane Uptake ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
The One

Abstract. A recently developed model for the consumption of atmospheric methane by soil (Curry, 2007) is used to investigate the global magnitude and distribution of methane uptake in a simulated future climate. In addition to solving the one-dimensional diffusion-reaction equation, the model includes a parameterization of biological CH4 oxidation that is sensitive to soil temperature and moisture content, along with specified reduction factors for land cultivation and wetland fractional coverage. Under the SRES emission scenario A1B, the model projects an 8% increase in the global annual mean CH4 soil sink by 2100, over and above the 15% increase expected from increased CH4 concentration alone. While the largest absolute increases occur in cool temperate and subtropical forest ecosystems, the largest relative increases in consumption (>40%) are seen in the boreal forest, tundra and polar desert environments of the high northern latitudes. Methane uptake at mid- to high northern latitudes increases year-round in 2100, with a 68% increase over present-day values in June. This increase is primarily due to enhanced soil diffusivity resulting from lower soil moisture produced by increased evaporation and reduced snow cover. At lower latitudes, uptake is enhanced mainly by elevated soil temperatures and/or reduced soil moisture stress, with the dominant influence determined by the local climate.

Enrichment and Isolation of Acidophilic Microorganisms from Sediments of Gold Mine Waste Leachate

2015 ◽  
Vol 1130 ◽  
pp. 581-584
Author(s):  
Aleksander Bulaev ◽  
Nikolay V. Pimenov ◽  
Denis A. Ivasenko ◽  
Olga V. Karnachuk
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Set Up

Microorganisms living in acidic environments associated with various types of mining wastes can be used for bioremediation of acid mine drainage (AMD) and related waste streams. We studied microbial diversity of the acidic sediments of a leachate puddle at the basement of a waste rock pile from gold mining in abandoned gold deposit in Martiga (Kemerovo region, West Siberia, Russia). The enrichments were established from four sediment samples with a pH ranging from 2.29 to 6.16. The enrichments cultures were set up at aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Pure cultures of bacteria involved in iron and sulfur oxidation were isolated. The isolated iron- and sulfur-oxidizing cultures were affiliated with Acidithiobacillus and Acidocella genera as was revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Strains of Desulfosporosinus-like spore-forming bacteria were isolated under anaerobic conditions. The pure culture isolates physiological and biochemical characterization is underway, which will provide new knowledge of AMD formation and natural processes of metal attenuation. The strains can also be prospective agents for use in bioleaching and bioremediation processes.

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