scholarly journals Alien Pests Can Spread Quickly: Wooly Ash Aphid Prociphilus fraxinifolii (Hemiptera: Eriosomatidae) Has Occupied Europe in 18 Years

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja ◽  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
First Record ◽  
European Russia ◽  
The West ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Vast Territory

Prociphilus fraxinifolii (woolly ash aphid) is a pest of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.). This species, which is native to North America, was first recorded in Europe in 2003, in Budapest, and then began to spread quickly. In 2019–2021, we first detected P. fraxinifolii in Belarus (Brest) and eight regions of European Russia, namely Astrakhan, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Tambov, Volgograd and Voronezh regions. By 2021, P. fraxinifolii has spread over a vast territory in Europe: from Spain in the west to the Volga River in the east. The distance between the westernmost and easternmost localities is 4180 km. The known range is disjunctive: Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Spain and 16 regions of European Russia. This case indicates that some alien pests are able to occupy the whole of Europe in less than two decades after the first record in the continent. It is known that P. fraxinifolii can infest native ash species F. excelsior, but all our findings, as well as most findings indicated in the literature, were on F. pennsylvanica introduced from North America. We never found P. fraxinifolii on F. excelsior even near infested F. pennsylvanica trees.

scholarly journals Hemp sawfly found in European Russia (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae, Nematinae, Cladiini)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veli Vikberg
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
First Record ◽  
Food Plant ◽  
European Russia ◽  
The West ◽  
The Family

The hemp sawfly Trichiocampus cannabis Xiao & Huang, 1986 was known until now only in the East Palaearctic. One female was captured recently in the Uljanovsk Region, European Russia. This is the first record from the West Palaearctic. The species is compared with the type species of Trichiocampus Hartig, T. grandis (Serville). The hemp sawfly differs from all known species of Cladiini by having slender, simple claws. The food plant Cannabis sativa L., a herb of the family Cannabaceae, is unique in Cladiini.

scholarly journals Late Cretaceous dwarf decapods from Guerrero, southern Mexico and their migration patterns

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (03-04) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
René H.B. Fraaije ◽  
Francisco J. Vega ◽  
Barry W.M. van Bakel ◽  
Luis M. Garibay-Romero
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
West Coast ◽  
First Record ◽  
The West ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Migratory Routes ◽  
Migratory Route

Two new brachyuran species are described for the Upper Cretaceous Mexcala Formation, Guerrero State, Mexico. Longusorbis quadratus new species (Coniacian, Temalac region) is the oldest and southernmost record for the genus. Xanthosia zoquiapensis new species (Campanian, Zoquiapa region) is the first record for the genus in Mexico. In addition, the age for Costacopluma bishopi Vega and Feldmann is discussed (Coniacian, Temalac region) and represents the oldest and southernmost record for Cretaceous representatives of this genus in North America. All specimens are considerably smaller compared to other species of the same genera and are interpreted as the first example of brachyuran dwarfism in the geological record. These species add new insight into possible migratory routes during the Late Cretaceous. Within Longusorbis, a northwestern migratory route is documented from the Coniacian in Mexico to the Campanian - Maastrichtian of the west coast of North America (Canada), whereas within the genus Xanthosia, a western migratory route from the Albian of Europe to the Campanian of Mexico is indicated. Costacopluma migrated east and north to the west coast of Africa, southeast North America and Greenland.

Life-History and Habits in Newfoundland of Swammerdamia lutarea (Haw.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), a Pest New to North America

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray F. Morris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
First Record ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
The West ◽  
States Department ◽  
Insect Survey ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

In June, 1954, hawthorn trees and shrubs in St. John's, Newfoundland, were severely attacked by small leaf-eating caterpillars. Larvae were talzen from a hawthorn tree, Cratageus sp., at Bowring Park, St. John's West, during the first week of July, 1954, and reared in the laboratory. Moths that emerged were identified as of Swammerdamia lutarea (Haw.) by Dr. T. N. Freeman, Entomology Research Institute, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, who also noted (in litt.) that this was apparently the first record of the species in North America. Dr. L. G. Davis (in litt.), Economic Insect Survey Section, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., later confirmed this observation. Swammerdamia lutarea is now common throughout St. John's and has also been found at Brigus, approximately 50 miles to the west.

scholarly journals Emerald Ash Borer Approaches the Borders of the European Union and Kazakhstan and Is Confirmed to Infest European Ash

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Mark G. Volkovitsh ◽  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski ◽  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
European Ash

Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, native to East Asia, is an invasive pest of ash in North America and European Russia. This quarantine species is a threat to ash trees all over Europe. Survey in ten provinces of European Russia in 2019–2020 showed that EAB had spread faster and farther than was previously thought. The new infested sites were first detected in St. Petersburg (110–120 km from the EU border: Estonia, Finland) and Astrakhan Province (50 km from the Kazakhstan border). The current range of EAB in Europe includes Luhansk Province of Ukraine and 18 provinces of Russia: Astrakhan, Belgorod, Bryansk, Kaluga, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Orel, Ryazan, Smolensk, St. Petersburg, Tambov, Tula, Tver, Vladimir, Volgograd, Voronezh, and Yaroslavl. Within these, only seven quarantine phytosanitary zones in five provinces are declared by the National Plant Protection Organization of Russia. EAB was not found in the regions along the Middle Volga: Mari El, Chuvash and Tatarstan republics, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara and Saratov provinces. The infested sites in St. Petersburg and in the Lower Volga basin are range enclaves separated from the core invasion range by 470 and 370 km, correspondingly. It is possible that new enclaves can appear in the cities of Eastern Europe and Kazakhstan far from the current known range. All previously known infestations in European Russia were in green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), which was introduced from North America, and individual trees of European ash (F. excelsior). A first confirmed case of mass decline of several thousand of EAB-infested European ash trees in Moscow province is provided. Therefore, there is no more doubt that under certain conditions EAB can seriously damage native ash trees in European forests.

scholarly journals Sufism in the West

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Markus Dressler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Mysticism ◽  
Muslim Majority

This edited volume, along with David Westerlund’s edited Sufism in Europeand North America (RoutledgeCurzon: 2004), are pioneering works, sincethe systematic study of this topic is still in its infancy. Its introduction andnine chapters bring together anthropological, historical, Islamicist, and sociologicalperspectives on questions of identity as regards Sufism’s doublemarginalization within a non-Muslim majority environment and within thebroader Islamic discourse. The Sufis’ need to position themselves againstand reconcile themselves with a variety of others causes western Sufis toemploy a fascinating kaleidoscope of strategies ranging from assimilation toconfrontation and appropriation.Jamal Malik’s introduction surveys Islamic mysticism and the “majorthemes of diasporic Sufism” (pp. 20-25). He presents the complex interrelatednessof ethnic, cultural, religious, and generational identities andaddresses important issues concerning representation, knowledge production,and adaptation. His conclusion that “Sufism – intellectually as well associologically – may eventually become mainstream Islam itself due toits versatile potential, especially in the wake of what has been called thefailure of political Islam worldwide” (p. 25), however, is rather bold.Nevertheless, as Ron Geaves shows, one has to acknowledge that, at leastin Great Britain and the United States, Sufis have begun to confront anti-Sufi rhetoric more openly. He describes Sufi-Muslim attempts to monopolizethe term ahl al-sunnah wa al-jam`ah (people of the tradition and the ...

Discovery in China of Dorypteryx Aaron (Psocoptera: Trogiomorpha: Psyllipsocidae), with one new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
FASHENG LI ◽  
XINGYUE LIU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
New Genus ◽  
First Record ◽  
The West ◽  
The Family ◽  
One New Species

The psocid genus Dorypteryx Aaron is a small group in the family Psyllipsocidae, comprising only three species until now. The first Dorypteryx species, D. pallida, was described from North America by Aaron (1883), and subsequently recorded in Europe by Dessart (1976). Smithers (1958) described Dolopteryx domestica from Zimbabwe as the only species in a new genus. However, this genus was later synonymized with Dorypteryx by Lienhard (1977), who re-defined Dorypteryx and redescribed the two known species. After that revision, a third species, D. longipennis, was described by Smithers (1991) from Australia on imported specimens. Despite the low species diversity of Dorypteryx, the geographical range of this genus is rather wide, from the West Palaearctic, Afrotropical, Australian, Nearctic, and Neotropical realms. However, until now Dorypteryx had not been found in the Oriental realm. In the present paper, the genus Dorypteryx is recorded from a domestic habitat in Yunnan Province, China. Based on the contribution by Li (2002), there are three genera and 14 species of Psyllipsocidae in China (Pseudopsyllipsocus Li, Psyllipsocus Selys-Longchamps, and Psocathropos Ribaga). This discovery of Dorypteryx represents the first record of this genus in China, and also in Asia and the Oriental realm.The types of the new species described below, all females, are preserved in alcohol and deposited in the Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing. The terminology of the adult generally follows Smithers (1972).

Alkaliphilic species Euastrum lacustre (Charophyta, Zygnematophyceae), first record from Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
O. V. Anissimova
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
New Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kursk Region

Euastrum lacustre is reported for Russia for the first time. This alcaliphilic species was found in the periphyton and plankton of three lakes in the Kursk Region (European Russia). A description of morphology, including the relief of cell wall, and habitats where this taxon is found are represented. LM and SEM microphotographs are provided. Morphological differences of E. lacustre from similar species are discussed. New species for region, namely Closterium aciculare, Cosmarium formosulum, C. granatum, C. pseudoinsigne, C. reniforme and Staurastrum pingue, are found in the samples together with E. lacustre.

The first record of Jaapia ochroleuca (Basidiomycota) in the European part of Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
S. V. Volobuev
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
First Record ◽  
European Part ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Microscopic Structure ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
First Time

The corticioid basidiomycete Jaapia ochroleuca (Bres.) Nannf. et J. Erikss. is recorded for the first time in the European Russia from the «Bryansky Les» Nature Reserve (Bryansk Region). The taxonomic position of the species is defined briefly. Its morphological description and data on distribution and ecology are provided. The details of microscopic structure of the collected specimen are illustrated.

scholarly journals Isotope Signs (234U/238U, 2H, 18O) of Groundwater: An Investigation of the Existence of Paleo-Permafrost in European Russia (Pre-Volga Region)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1838
Author(s):  
Evgeny Yakovlev ◽  
Igor Tokarev ◽  
Sergey Zykov ◽  
Stanislav Iglovsky ◽  
Nikolay Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
Middle Reach ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Volga River ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Right ◽  
Permafrost Thawing ◽  
Small Excess

The isotopic (234U/238U, 2H, 18O) and chemical composition of groundwater on the right bank of the Volga River along the middle reach (European Russia) was studied down to a depth of 400 m. These data allow diagnosis of the presence of a three-component mixture. The first component is modern/young fresh recharge water of the Holocene age. It has the isotopic composition of water δ18O → −12.9 ‰ and δ2H → −90 ‰, close to modern precipitations, and the equilibrium isotopic composition of uranium 234U/238U → 1 (by activity). The second component is slightly salted water of the late or postglacial period with δ18O → −17.0 ‰ and δ2H → −119 ‰, and a small excess of uranium-234 234U/238U ≈ 4. The third component is meltwater formed as result of permafrost thawing. It is brackish water with δ18O ≈ −15.0 ‰ and δ2H ≈ −110 ‰, and a maximum excess of uranium-234 234U/238U ≈ 15.7. The salinity of this water is associated with an increase of the SO42−, Ca2+ and Na+ content, and this may be due to the presence of gypsum in water-bearing sediments, because the solubility of sulfates increases at near-zero temperature. We explain the huge excess of uranium-234 by its accumulation in the mineral lattice during the glacial age and quick leaching after thawing of permafrost.

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