scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth.) from the Peruvian Amazon Revealed by RAPD Markers

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125
Author(s):  
Carla L. Saldaña ◽  
Johan D. Cancan ◽  
Wilbert Cruz ◽  
Mirian Y. Correa ◽  
Miriam Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Peruvian Amazon

Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth.) is a tree species of commercial importance widely distributed in South American forests that is traditionally used for its medicinal properties and wood quality. Studies on this tree species have been focused mainly on wood properties, propagation, and growth. However, genetic studies on capirona have been very limited to date. Currently, it is possible to explore genetic diversity and population structure in a fast and reliable manner by using molecular markers. We here used 10 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 59 samples of capirona that were sampled from four provinces located in the eastern region of the Peruvian amazon. A total of 186 bands were manually scored, generating a 59 × 186 presence/absence matrix. A dendrogram was generated using the UPGMA clustering algorithm, and, similar to the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), it showed four groups that correspond to the geographic origin of the capirona samples (LBS, Irazola, Masisea, Iñapari). Similarly, a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and STRUCTURE analysis confirmed that capirona is grouped into four clusters. However, we also noticed that a few samples were intermingled. Genetic diversity estimation was conducted considering the four groups (populations) identified by STRUCTURE software. AMOVA revealed the greatest variation within populations (71.56%) and indicated that variability among populations is 28.44%. Population divergence (Fst) between clusters 1 and 4 revealed the highest genetic difference (0.269), and the lowest Fst was observed between clusters 3 and 4 (0.123). RAPD markers were successful and effective. However, more studies are needed, employing other molecular tools. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation employing molecular markers in capirona in Peru considering its natural distribution, and as such it is hoped that this helps to pave the way towards its genetic improvement and the urgent sustainable management of forests in Peru.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth.) from the Peruvian Amazon Assessed by RAPD Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Saldaña ◽  
Johan Cancan ◽  
Wilbert Cruz ◽  
Mirian Correa ◽  
Miriam Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Peruvian Amazon

Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth) is a tree species of commercial importance widely distributed in South American forests and is traditionally used for its medicinal properties and wood quality. Studies on this tree species have been focused mainly on wood properties, propagation and growth. Genetic studies on capirona are very limited to date. Today it is possible to explore genetic diversity and population structure in a fast and reliable manner by using molecular markers. We here used 10 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) markers to analyze genetic diversity and population structure of 59 samples of capirona that were sampled from four provinces located in the eastern region of the Peruvian amazon. A total of 186 bands were manually scored, generating a 59 x 186 presence/absence matrix. We used R software to calculate genetic distances based on provesti coefficient. A dendrogram was generated using the UPGMA clustering algorithm and showed four groups that correspond to the geographic origin of the capirona samples. Similarly, a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) confirmed that capirona is grouped into four clusters. However, we also noticed few accessions are intermingled. Genetic diversity estimation was conducted considering the four groups (populations) identified by adegenet package in R. Nei's genetic diversity estimate varied from 0.26 to 0.39 and Shannon index ranged from 2.48 to 2.83. AMOVA analysis revealed the greatest variation exist within populations (69.7%) and indicated that variability among populations is 31.5%. To our best knowledge, this is the first investigation employing molecular markers in capirona in Peru considering their natural distribution, and sheds light towards its modern genetic improvement and for the sustainable management of forests in Peru.

Comparative analysis of diversity based on morpho-metric and molecular markers in chickpea over different environments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Rialch ◽  
Rama Kalia ◽  
H. K. Chaudhary ◽  
B. Kumar ◽  
J. C. Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Metric Traits

Ten morpho-agronomic traits and 80 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers were used to survey genetic diversity in 25 chickpea genotypes. Analysis of variance revealed significant variability among different genotypes for morpho-metric traits. The cluster analysis done using morpho-metric traits grouped 25 genotypes into seven and six clusters in Environment I (Env. I) and Environment II (Env. II), respectively. Three genotypes viz., ICCV-96904, HPG-17, ICCV-95503 and L-HR-1 belonging to diverse clusters were identified divergent and may use in heterosis breeding programme. Of 80 random RAPD markers, 25 were found polymorphic. Three major clusters were identified using 25 polymorphic RAPD markers. The genetic similarity coefficient among genotypes ranged from 0.57 to 0.91. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) for 25 RAPD markers ranges from 0.12 to 0.40. D2-statistic, RAPD analysis and study of genotypes performance revealed sufficient genetic diversity among chickpea genotypes which would be useful in future breeding programme.

scholarly journals Description and analysis of genetic diversity among squash accessions

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios L. Tsivelikas ◽  
Olga Koutita ◽  
Anastasia Anastasiadou ◽  
George N. Skaracis ◽  
Ekaterini Traka-Mavrona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group

In this work, the part of the squash core collection, maintained in the Greek Gene Bank, was assessed using the morphological and molecular data. Sixteen incompletely classified accessions of the squash were characterized along with an evaluation of their resistance against two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum. A molecular analysis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers was also performed, revealing high level of polymorphism. To study the genetic diversity among the squash accessions, a clustering procedure using Unweighed Pair Group Method and Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) algorithm was also adopted. Two independent dendrograms, one for the morphophysiological and one for molecular data were obtained, classifying the accessions into two and three main clusters, respectively. Despite the different number of the clusters there were many similarities between these two dendrograms, and a third dendrogram resulting from their combination was also produced, based on Gower's distance and UPGMA clustering algorithm. In order to determine the optimal number of clusters, the upper tail approach was applied. The more reliable clustering of the accessions was accomplished using RAPD markers as well as the combination of the two different data sets, classifying the accessions into three significantly different groups. These groups corresponded to the three different cultivated species of C. maxima Duch., C. moschata Duch., and C. pepo L. The same results were also obtained using Principal Component Analysis.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversities within Camellia Species Confirmed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1105A-1105
Author(s):  
Lianghong Chen ◽  
Shizhou Wang ◽  
Mack Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Camellia Japonica ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Camellia Reticulata ◽  
Camellia Species

In this study research was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of characterizing genetic variation within camellia species using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) markers. Eight varieties of species Camellia japonica and four varieties of species Camellia reticulata, provided by the America Camellia Society, Fort Valley, Ga., were investigated. RAPD profiles generated by five selected 10-based random primers (out of 20 primers) exhibited distinct patterns of amplified bands for all 12 tested varieties. A total of 344 bands were produced among the eight varieties of species C. japonica, with an average of 8.6 bands, ranging from 220 to 2072 bp in size, scored per primer. Among the 344 amplified bands, 74.4% of the bands presented polymorphic. The four varieties of species C. reticulata produced a total of 180 markers, with an average percentage of 57.8% polymorphisms. The amplified bands were in the range of 236–1760 bp. An average of nine amplified bands was generated per primer. The large percentages of polymorphisms displayed among 12 varieties within the two different species indicate that the expected genetic diversity among varieties within camellia species existed. It was concluded that the RAPD molecular markers are capable of revealing appreciable levels of genetic variation within camellia species.

Study on genetic diversity of Castanopsis phuthoensis Luong in Phu Tho province, Vietnam by RAPD markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Văn Thọ ◽  
Lê Thị Mai Linh ◽  
Nguyễn Viễn ◽  
Phạm Quang Tiến
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Rapd Primer

Castanopsis phuthoensis Luong is an endemic tree species of Phu Tho province, only distributed narrowly in forest rehabilitation in two communes belonging to Doan Hung district with density of this species is very low, only from 3.1 to 11.1 trees per hectare. Diameter distributions of the species of number of trees is characterized by curve style with a peak in 20cm or 24cm diameter classes. As it is difficult to find the seedling in the nature, research on forest structure, relations between tree species and genetic diversity is very necessary to define method of conservation for this species. In this study, we used RAPD markers to study on genetic diversity of Castanopsis phuthoensis Luong. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) based on the polymeraze chain reaction (PCR) detects nucleotide sequence polymorphism using a single 10mer of arbitrary nucleotided sequence. The RAPD technology has quickly gained widespread acceptance and application because it providesa tool for genetic analysis that have not previously benefited the use of molecular markers. In this study, ten random primers to analyse the genetic diversity of 15 Castanopsis phuthoensis Luong samples that were collected from Phu Tho province, Vietnam. 9 RAPD primers gave DNA polymorphism and 01 RAPD primer OPA20 gave not DNA polymorphism. In the analysis region 0.25-2 kb, there were 56 DNA fragments amplified and 34 DNA fragments were polymorphic. Genetic similarity coefficients of 15 Castanopsis phuthoensis Luong samples ranged from 0.55- 0.95. The phylogenetic tree of 15 samples are divided into two main groups. As results of RAPD-PCR analysis, these samples were collected from the homologous geographical locations and the genetic diversity of 15 samples is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve the "Castanopsis phuthoensis Luong".

scholarly journals Genetic variations among passion fruit species using rapd markers

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 738-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula de Andrade Aukar ◽  
Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos ◽  
João Carlos Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Botanical Variety ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Passiflora Edulis Sims

It has been evaluated the genetic variability through the use of RAPD molecular markers on the following passionflower species: Passiflora amethystina, P. caerulea, P. cincinnata, P. coccinea, P. serrato digitata, P. foetida, P. maliformis, P. alata, P. giberti, P. laurifolia, P. macrocarpa, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. suberosa, P. ligularis, P. capsularis, P. edulis Sims and its botanical variety P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. In this research work, the analyses of the random amplified polymorphic DNA products (RAPD) were employed to estimate the genetic diversity and the taxonomic linkage within the species above. The total of 21 primers were used in this study which generated 270 different polymorphic products. It was possible to detect that the Passiflora species had shown a similarity of 17,3%, and between Passiflora edulis Sims and Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa a similarity of 34,35% has been found. The rate of similarity within edulis specie is low, making it clear that a large variability between the yellow and the purple forms exists.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI SUHU ANNEALING UNTUK EMPAT PRIMER RAPD PADA KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Herman Herman ◽  
Martupa Nainggolan ◽  
Dewi Indriyani Roslim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Temperature Optimization ◽  
Total Dna

Determination of annealing temperature of the primer is the first step for genetic diversity analysis using molecular markers such as RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). This study aims to determine annealing temperature (Ta) of RAPD primers on Kampar Mungbean. Methods included total DNA extraction, electrophoresis, and annealing temperature optimization of four RAPD markers namely OPD-20, OPI-06, OPI-13, dan OPX-13. Optimization was conducted by reducing the Tm value (Time melting) of each primer with 3 (Tm-3) and 5 (Tm-5). The results showed that the optimization using OPD-20 and OPX-13 produced bands at Tm-3 and Tm-5. Meanwhile, optimization using OPI-06 and OPI-13 resulted in bands at Tm-3. The next step was to choose the exact Ta based on the clear and bright band. In conclusion, exact Ta for OPD-20, OPI-06, OPI-13, and OPX-13 were 36,1°C, 38,1°C, 35,4°C, and 32,5°C respectively.

Genetic Diversity of Basil (Ocimum spp. - Lamiaceae) Based on RAPD Markers and Volatile Oil Constituents

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492f-493
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Vieira ◽  
James E. Simon ◽  
Peter Goldsbrough ◽  
Antonio Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Essential oils extracted from basil (Ocimum spp.) by steam distillation are used to flavor foods, oral products, in fragrances, and in traditional medicines. The genus Ocimum contains around 30 species native to the tropics and subtropics, with some species naturalized and/or cultivated in temperate areas. Interand intraspecific hybridization have created significant confusion in the botanical systematics of this genus. Taxonomy of basil (O. basilicum) is also complicated by the existence of numerous varieties, cultivars, and chemotypes within the species that do not differ significantly in morphology. In this study we are using RAPD markers and volatile oil composition to characterize the genetic diversity among the most economically important Ocimum species. We hypothesize that the genetic similarity revealed by molecular markers will more accurately reflect the morphological and chemical differences in Ocimum than essential oil composition per se. Preliminary research using five Ocimum species, four undetermined species, and eight varieties of O. basilicum (a total of 19 accessions) generated 107 polymorphic fragments amplified with 19 primers. RAPDs are able to discriminate between Ocimum species, but show a high degree of similarity between O. basilicum varieties. The genetic distance between nine species and among 55 accessions within the species O. americanum, O. basilicum, O. campechianum, O. × citriodorum, O. gratissimum, O. kilimandscharium, O. minimum, O. selloi, and O. tenuiflorum will be analyzed by matrix of similarity and compared to the volatile oil profile. This research will for the first time apply molecular markers to characterize the genetic diversity of Ocimum associate with volatile oil constituent.

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