scholarly journals Tree-Ring Analysis of Intermediate Hawthorn (Crataegus media Bechst.) in NW Poland

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Anna Cedro ◽  
Bernard Cedro
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Incremental Growth ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Ring Analysis ◽  
Uncultivated Land ◽  
Nw Poland

Intermediate hawthorn (Crataegus × media Bechst.) is broadly distributed in Europe but very rarely examined by dendrochronologists. In NW Poland, it is one of three naturally occurring hawthorn species, growing mainly at forest margins, along roads, in mid-field woodlots, and on uncultivated land. Biocenotically, it is a very valuable species. This study aimed to determine the age of trees, tree-ring dynamics, and growth–climate relationship for intermediate hawthorn. Signature years were also determined. Samples for analysis were collected from 22 trees growing in a typical agricultural landscape in a monospecific mid-field woodlot comprised of several hundred specimens of various ages and forms (shrubs and trees). Using classic methods of dendrochronological dating, a 40-year long chronology spanning 1981–2020 was constructed. The radial growth rate of intermediate hawthorn is comparable to other tree species forming stands in NW Poland and equals 2.41 mm/year. Considerable intersubject variability is noted, from 1.48 to 4.44 mm/year. The chronology was also used for dendroclimatological analyses, including correlation and response function and signature years. Of the meteorological parameters analyzed, annual incremental growth in hawthorn is the most strongly shaped by precipitation totals from May to August of the current vegetation year: high rainfall favors the formation of wide tree-rings. Statistically significant growth–climate relationships were also obtained for winter months (December of the preceding vegetation year, January and February), for which period negative correlation and regression values are noted for air temperature and insolation. Furthermore, high precipitation, low-temperature and low insolation late in the preceding vegetation year (especially in August) make a positive influence on the condition of trees in the upcoming growing season. Signature year analysis clearly pointed to precipitation as the dominant factor in shaping tree-rings in the studied hawthorn population. As there are no dendrochronological papers concerning indigenous hawthorn species, future studies should be expanded to include diverse geographic locations and habitat conditions and should include all three species of hawthorn occurring in Poland.

scholarly journals ABSOLUTE DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL SCALE FOR PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) FROM UJŚCIE (NW POLAND), DATED USING RAPID ATMOSPHERIC 14C CHANGES

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marek Krąpiec ◽  
Andrzej Rakowski ◽  
Jacek Pawlyta ◽  
Damian Wiktorowski ◽  
Monika Bolka
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Nw Poland

ABSTRACT Radiocarbon (14C) analyses are commonly used to determine the absolute age of floating tree-ring chronologies. At best, with the wiggle-matching method, a precision of 10 years could be achieved. For the early Middle Ages, this situation has been markedly improved by the discovery of rapid changes in atmospheric 14C concentrations in tree-rings dated to 774/775 and 993/994 AD. These high-resolution changes can be used to secure other floating tree-ring sequences to within 1-year accuracy. While a number of studies have used the 774 even to secure floating tree-ring sequences, the less abrupt 993 event has not been so well utilized. This study dates a floating pine chronology from Ujście in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) (NW Poland), which covers the 10th century period and is critical for studies on the beginning of the Polish State to the calendar years 859–1085 AD using the changes in single year radiocarbon around 993/4 AD.

scholarly journals From Dendrochronology to Allometry

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Biondi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Ring Analysis

The contribution of tree-ring analysis to other fields of scientific inquiry with overlapping interests, such as forestry and plant population biology, is often hampered by the different parameters and methods that are used for measuring growth. Here I present relatively simple graphical, numerical, and mathematical considerations aimed at bridging these fields, highlighting the value of crossdating. Lack of temporal control prevents accurate identification of factors that drive wood formation, thus crossdating becomes crucial for any type of tree growth study at inter-annual and longer time scales. In particular, exactly dated tree rings, and their measurements, are crucial contributors to the testing and betterment of allometric relationships.

Retrospective analysis of growth A contribution to sustainable forest management in the tropics

IAWA Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Lotfiomran ◽  
Michael Köhl
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Cedrela Odorata ◽  
Tree Ring Analysis ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Ring Analysis

Reliable information on tree growth is a prerequisite for sustainable forest management (SFM). However, in tropical forests its implementation is often hampered by insufficient knowledge of the growth dynamics of trees. Although tree ring analysis of tropical trees has a long history, its application for SFM has only recently been considered. In the current study, we illustrate both the potentials and limitations of a retrospective growth assessment by tree ring analysis under the prevailing tropical conditions in a Surinamese rain forest. For this purpose, 38 commercial tree species were screened and grouped into three categories according to the visibility of their tree ring boundaries: (I) tree rings absent or indistinct, (II) distinct but partially vague tree rings which enable approximate age estimation, (III) very distinct tree rings. In 22 out of 38 commercial tree species distinct to very distinct tree ring boundaries could be identified. The anatomy of tree ring boundaries was described following Worbes and Fichtler (2010). Four species with distinct growth rings, Cedrela odorata, Hymenaea courbaril, Pithecellobium corymbosum and Goupia glabra, were studied in greater detail. Time-series analysis was used to characterise their radial growth. From the tree ring width, the annual diameter increment and cumulative diameter growth were calculated to find long-term growth patterns. Pithecellobium corymbosum and partially Hymenaea courbaril followed a typical S-shaped growth curve. By contrast, Goupia glabra and Cedrela odorata did not exhibit an age-related decrease of growth, but showed a constant linear growth over their entire life span. If based on more sample trees, such data can provide target-oriented information for improving SFM in tropical forests.

scholarly journals Tree-ring analysis in natural hazards research – an overview

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stoffel ◽  
M. Bollschweiler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ring Analysis ◽  
Alpine Environments ◽  
Geomorphic Processes

Abstract. The understanding of geomorphic processes and knowledge of past events are important tasks for the assessment of natural hazards. Tree rings have on varied occasions proved to be a reliable tool for the acquisition of data on past events. In this review paper, we provide an overview on the use of tree rings in natural hazards research, starting with a description of the different types of disturbances by geomorphic processes and the resulting growth reactions. Thereafter, a summary is presented on the different methods commonly used for the analysis and interpretation of reactions in affected trees. We illustrate selected results from dendrogeomorphological investigations of geomorphic processes with an emphasis on fluvial (e.g., flooding, debris flows) and mass-movement processes (e.g., landslides, snow avalanche), where lots of data have been generated over the past few decades. We also present results from rockfall and permafrost studies, where data are much scarcer, albeit data from tree-ring studies have proved to be of great value in these fields as well. Most studies using tree rings have focused on alpine environments in Europe and North America, whereas other parts of the world have been widely neglected by dendrogeomorphologists so far. We therefore challenge researchers to focus on other regions with distinct climates as well, to look on less frequently studied processes as well and to broaden and improve approaches and methods commonly used in tree-ring research so as to allow a better understanding of geomorphic processes, natural hazards and risk.

scholarly journals Geomorphologie und Jahrringe – Feldmethoden in der Dendrogeomorphologie | Geomorphology and tree rings – field methods in dendrogeomorphology

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 198-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Gärtner ◽  
Jan Esper ◽  
Kerstin Treydte
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Tree Ring Analysis ◽  
Local Reference ◽  
Ring Analysis ◽  
Geomorphic Processes ◽  
Selection Of

In terms of the spatiotemporal reconstruction of geomorphic processes the application of tree-ring analysis has the highest level of temporal resolution in geomorphology. Dating and the resulting reconstructions can be assigned to exact calendar years, sometimes even to specific seasons. To guarantee this,one has to take into account that there are great differences between methods in the field and other tree-ring related fields of research. Following site selection a detailed relief analysis and process must be carried out in order to determine and select those trees obviously disturbed by these processes. The method of sampling is of the utmost importance. Selection of the samples must be based on the estimated kind of disturbance and therefore corresponds to the specific disturbance of a given species and not to the site being investigated. Furthermore,in order to be able to accurately date the disturbances it is absolutely essential to produce a local reference chronology.

Assessment of the Contamination by 14C Airborne Releases in the Vicinity of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1185-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Algirdas Pabedinskas ◽  
Evaldas Maceika ◽  
Justina Šapolaitė ◽  
Žilvinas Ežerinskis ◽  
Laurynas Juodis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Atmospheric Dispersion ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Dispersion Modeling ◽  
Ring Analysis

ABSTRACTA radiocarbon (14C) activity analysis in the tree rings around Ignalina nuclear power plant (INPP) has been carried out with the aim to test the hypothesis to use 14C tree-ring analysis data as a tool for the reconstruction of gaseous releases from NPP to the environment. The INPP has been in decommissioning state since the end of 2009. Tree-ring samples for 14C analysis were collected 7 yr after final power unit shutdown from the INPP vicinity. The samples from 5 sampling locations were collected, prepared and measured using the Single Stage Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (SSAMS). Data analysis represents observable Ignalina NPP influence by 14C increase up to 15 pMC (percent modern carbon) in tree rings. Good correlations of the 14C concentrations and wind direction were obtained. The main purpose of this article was to match 14C measurement data along with the atmospheric dispersion modeling of emissions in order to retrospectively characterize the emission source.

Dendrochronological dating of landslides in western Oregon: Searching for signals of the Cascadia A.D. 1700 earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1775-1791
Author(s):  
William T. Struble ◽  
Joshua J. Roering ◽  
Bryan A. Black ◽  
William J. Burns ◽  
Nancy Calhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Tree Ring Analysis ◽  
Ring Analysis

Abstract Large-magnitude earthquakes and hydrologic events in mountainous settings commonly trigger thousands of landslides, and slope failures typically constitute a significant proportion of the damage associated with these events. Large, dormant deep-seated landslides are ubiquitous in the Oregon Coast Range, western United States, yet a method for calculating landslide ages with the precision required to diagnose a specific triggering event, including the A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake, has remained elusive. Establishing a compelling connection between prehistoric slope instability and specific triggers requires landslide ages with precision greater than that provided by 14C dating of detrital materials. Tree-ring analysis is the only known method capable of determining landslide age with this precision. Dozens of landslide-dammed lakes in western Oregon present an opportunity to use tree rings from drowned snags, or “ghost forests,” to establish the year of death, and thus landsliding. We cross-dated tree-ring indices from drowned Douglas fir trees with live tree-ring records from the Oregon Coast Range that exhibit synchronous, time-specific patterns due to regional climate variations. Our analyses determined that the landslides responsible for creating Wasson and Klickitat Lakes occurred in A.D. 1819 and 1751, respectively. The 14C dates from selected tree rings and landslide deposit detritus are consistent with our tree-ring analysis, although the ages exhibit high variability, revealing the limitations of using 14C dating alone. Because dendrochronology provides annual precision for landsliding, sampling of tree rings at additional landslide-dammed lakes throughout the Oregon Coast Range can be used to constrain the potential effects of ground motion and major storms on Cascadia landscapes.

Spatial analysis of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) radial growth response to climate in northern Québec – Labrador Peninsula, Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nicault ◽  
E. Boucher ◽  
D. Tapsoba ◽  
D. Arseneault ◽  
F. Berninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Large Spatial Scale

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationships between black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) growth and climate at a large spatial scale in North America’s northeastern boreal forest. The study area (approximately 700 000 km2) is located in the taiga zone of the Quebec – Labrador Peninsula. A network of tree-ring chronologies from 93 black spruce populations was developed. A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to analyze tree-ring series affinities, and response functions were calculated to analyze relationships between tree rings and climate. The cluster analysis results showed well-marked spatial affinities among the tree-ring series. These affinities were strongly linked with the spatial variability of the relationships between tree rings and climate. The interannual growth variations were governed mainly by the temperature variables that preceded the growing season (November (negative influence), December–January (positive influence), and April (positive influence)). The growing-season temperature (July temperature) mainly influenced the northernmost populations. Relationships between tree rings and climate in the northeastern boreal forest varied at a large spatial scale. This variability was expressed by a north–south contrast, which appears to be related to a temperature gradient, and an east–west contrast linked to a humidity gradient, which favors winter snow cover.

scholarly journals Jahrringe und Landschaftsentwicklung auf der Alpensüdseite | Tree-rings and landscape development on the southern side of the Alps

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
Marco Conedera ◽  
Patrick Fonti ◽  
Patrik Krebs ◽  
Andreas Rigling
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Landscape Dynamics ◽  
Landscape Development ◽  
Tree Ring Analysis ◽  
Core Method ◽  
Southern Side ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Ring Analysis

Tree-ring analysis is one of the most suitable methods for studying processes in landscape dynamics. In southern Switzerland these dynamics are extremely varied and rapid, which makes the use of dendrochronological and dendroecological methods particularly interesting. In 2003 the Sottostazione Sud delle Alpi of the WSL decided to enlarge its field of activities, making dendrochronology one of their core method of research. First studies are underway and possible applications are presented as case studies in this contribution.

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