scholarly journals Urban Green Corridors Analysis for a Rapid Urbanization City Exemplified in Gaoyou City, Jiangsu

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Hefei Wang ◽  
Zongping Pei
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Ecological Networks ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Ecological Connectivity ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Green Corridors

The undergoing trend and development towards urbanization and the consequences of socio-ecological and climate change are increasing the pressure on cities worldwide. The planning of urban green and blue spaces is essential for sustainable urban development, especially for the conservation of urban ecosystems in fast-growing cities. In this context, the spatial-explicit and ecological connectivity analyses of urban green infrastructure are helpful tools for planning and the evaluation of spatial patterns and their changes for the sustainability of urban development. The aim of this study is to understand the influence of urban expansion on the urban green corridors. In this paper, we present an analysis of ecological networks for green infrastructure planning at the city level, making the most out of morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) techniques and social-ecological analysis methods. The findings reveal the changes of spatial patterns of urban green and blue areas in Gaoyou city and disclose its ecological corridors and connectivity from 1990 to 2012. The urban green corridors analysis method proposed here can be used in other cities and allow for the production of spatially detailed urban ecological connectivity assessment and monitoring. Recommendations to enhance and conserve green corridors and ecological networks such as reserving networks in the east of the example city have been concluded. The conclusion obtained using our spatial analysis method can be used in other municipalities to serve as spatial-explicit tools for urban green spaces and land use planning.

scholarly journals Living Heritage in the Urban Landscape. Case Study of the Budapest World Heritage Site Andrássy Avenue

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4699
Author(s):  
Kinga Szilágyi ◽  
Chaima Lahmar ◽  
Camila Andressa Pereira Rosa ◽  
Krisztina Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
Urban Green Infrastructure

Historic allées and urban avenues reflect a far-sighted and forward-thinking design attitude. These compositions are the living witnesses of olden times, suggesting permanence. However, the 20th century’s urban development severely damaged the environment, therefore hundred-year-old mature trees are relatively rare among city avenues’ stands. Due to the deteriorated habitat conditions, replantation may be necessary from time to time. However, there are a large number of replanted allées and urban avenues considered historical monuments, according to the relevant international literature in urban and living heritage’s preservation. The renewal often results in planting a different, urban tolerant taxon, as seen in several examples reviewed. Nevertheless, the allée remains an essential urban structural element, though often with a changed character. The Budapest Andrássy Avenue, a city and nature connection defined in the late 19th century’s urban landscape planning, aimed to offer a splendid link between city core and nature in Városliget Public Park. The 19–20th century’s history and urban development are well documented in Hungarian and several English publications, though current tree stock stand and linear urban green infrastructure as part of the urban landscape need a detailed survey. The site analyses ran in 2020–early 2021 created a basis for assessing the allées and the whole avenue as an urban ecosystem and a valuable case study of contemporary heritage protection problems. Andrassy Avenue, the unique urban fabric, architecture, and promenades have been a world heritage monument of cultural value since 2002. The allées became endangered despite reconstruction type maintenance efforts. The presented survey analyses the living heritage’s former renewal programs and underlines the necessity of new reconstruction concepts in urban heritage protection. We hypothesize that urban green infrastructure development, the main issue in the 21st century to improve the urban ecological system and human liveability, may support heritage protection. The Budapest World Heritage Site is worthwhile for a complex renewal where the urban green ecosystem supply and liveable, pedestrian-friendly urban open space system are at the forefront to recall the once glorious, socially and aesthetically attractive avenue.

“Green Infrastructure” Concept as an Effective Medium to Manipulating Sustainable Urban Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 1358-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Planning History ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Metropolitan Cities

This chapter aims at exploring and conceptualizing green infrastructure (GI) as a comprehensive system in planning schemes of metropolitan cities such as Melbourne (Australia) and Izmir (Türkiye). Urban open space network(s) and its further step, “GI,” stretches out from the urban core through its periphery. This requires investigation of the planning hierarchy between metropolitan planning and urban design with a focus on connectivity and urban sustainability. Supporting and managing physical development, modes of transportation, and social life, GI provides ecological and social services to cities in pursuit of sustainable development. Following the scrutiny of Melbourne’s GI and its relevance to the planning history, this work undertakes a comparative analysis between Melbourne and Izmir in order to address the development of a metropolitan GI system for these cities. Such an approach would support policies and strategies relating to sustainable urban development.

“Green Infrastructure” Concept as an Effective Medium to Manipulating Sustainable Urban Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 234-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Planning History ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Metropolitan Cities

This chapter aims at exploring and conceptualizing green infrastructure (GI) as a comprehensive system in planning schemes of metropolitan cities such as Melbourne (Australia) and Izmir (Türkiye). Urban open space network(s) and its further step, “GI,” stretches out from the urban core through its periphery. This requires investigation of the planning hierarchy between metropolitan planning and urban design with a focus on connectivity and urban sustainability. Supporting and managing physical development, modes of transportation, and social life, GI provides ecological and social services to cities in pursuit of sustainable development. Following the scrutiny of Melbourne’s GI and its relevance to the planning history, this work undertakes a comparative analysis between Melbourne and Izmir in order to address the development of a metropolitan GI system for these cities. Such an approach would support policies and strategies relating to sustainable urban development.

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns and Driving Forces of Conflicts among the Three Land Management Red Lines in China: A Case Study of the Wuhan Urban Development Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2025
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xuesong Kong ◽  
Ying Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Development Area

The delimitation of three land management red lines (LMRLs), which refers to urban growth boundaries (UGBs), ecological protection redlines (EPRs), and basic farmland protection zones (BFPZs), has been regarded as a control method for promoting sustainable urban development in China. However, in many Chinese cities, conflicts extensively exist among the three LMRLs in terms of spatial partitioning. This study clarifies the connotation of conflicts among the three LMRLs. Moreover, a red line conflict index (RLCI) is established to characterize the intensity of conflicts among the three LMRLs. The Wuhan Urban Development Area (WUDA) is used for a case study, in which the spatial patterns of the three types of conflicts among the three LMRLs (i.e., conflicts between EPRs and BFPZs, EPRs and UGBs, and UGBs and BFPZs) are analyzed through numerous spatial statistical analysis methods (including spatial autocorrelation, urban-rural gradient, and landscape pattern analyses). In addition, the driving forces of these conflicts are identified from the perspectives of natural physics, socioeconomic development, neighborhood, policy and planning using three binary logistic regression models. Results show that the conflicts between EPRs and BFPZs, EPRs and UGBs, and UGBs and BFPZs are mainly distributed on the edge of the WUDA, inside Wuhan’s third circulation line, and at the urban–rural transition zone, respectively. The patch of conflict between BFPZs and UGBs has the lowest aggregation degree, the highest fragmentation degree, and the most complex shape. Logistic regression results show that the combination and relative importance of driving factors vary in the three types of conflicts among the three LMRLs. In the conflict between EPRs and BFPZs, the distance to city centers is the most important influencing factor, followed by the proportion of ecological land and elevation. In the conflict between UGBs and EPRs, the proportion of construction land, the distance to city centers, and whether the land unit is within the scope of a restricted development zone are the three most important factors. The proportion of construction land, the distances to the Yangtze and Han Rivers, and the proportion of cultivated land significantly influence the conflict between UGBs and BFPZs. This study aids in our understanding of the causes and mechanisms of conflicts among the three LMRLs, and provides important information for the “integration of multi-planning” and land management in Wuhan and similar cities.

scholarly journals IoT Monitoring of Urban Tree Ecosystem Services: Possibilities and Challenges

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Matasov ◽  
Luca Belelli Marchesini ◽  
Alexey Yaroslavtsev ◽  
Giovanna Sala ◽  
Olga Fareeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Infrastructure

Urban green infrastructure plays an increasingly significant role in sustainable urban development planning as it provides important regulating and cultural ecosystem services. Monitoring of such dynamic and complex systems requires technological solutions which provide easy data collection, processing, and utilization at affordable costs. To meet these challenges a pilot study was conducted using a network of wireless, low cost, and multiparameter monitoring devices, which operate using Internet of Things (IoT) technology, to provide real-time monitoring of regulatory ecosystem services in the form of meaningful indicators for both human health and environmental policies. The pilot study was set in a green area situated in the center of Moscow, which is exposed to the heat island effect as well as high levels of anthropogenic pressure. Sixteen IoT devices were installed on individual trees to monitor their ecophysiological parameters from 1 July to 31 November 2019 with a time resolution of 1.5 h. These parameters were used as input variables to quantify indicators of ecosystem services related to climate, air quality, and water regulation. Our results showed that the average tree in the study area during the investigated period reduced extreme heat by 2 °C via shading, cooled the surrounding area by transferring 2167 ± 181 KWh of incoming solar energy into latent heat, transpired 137 ± 49 mm of water, sequestered 8.61 ± 1.25 kg of atmospheric carbon, and removed 5.3 ± 0.8 kg of particulate matter (PM10). The values of the monitored processes varied spatially and temporally when considering different tree species (up to five to ten times), local environmental conditions, and seasonal weather. Thus, it is important to use real-time monitoring data to deepen understandings of the processes of urban forests. There is a new opportunity of applying IoT technology not only to measure trees functionality through fluxes of water and carbon, but also to establish a smart urban green infrastructure operational system for management.

scholarly journals Analysis of Coupling Coordination Variance between Urbanization Quality and Eco-Environment Pressure: A Case Study of the West Taiwan Strait Urban Agglomeration, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Lin ◽  
Chunyan Lu ◽  
Kaishan Song ◽  
Ying Su ◽  
Yifan Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
The West ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Coordination Degree

Rapid urbanization has affected the eco-environment in China. A clear understanding of the coupling relationship between urbanization quality and eco-environment pressure is needed for sustainable urban development. This study focused on the relationship between urbanization quality and eco-environment pressure in the West Taiwan Strait Urban Agglomeration (WTSUA) with panel data collected from 2003 to 2017. An index system was established to measure urbanization quality from four urbanization subsystems: demographic urbanization, spatial urbanization, economic urbanization, and social urbanization. An index of eco-environment pressure was developed from resource availability, energy consumption, pollution emissions, and pressure response. The level of urbanization quality and eco-environment pressure was assessed using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method (EM). The coupling process was described using a coupling coordination degree model. Results showed the following: (1) Economic urbanization contributed the most to urbanization quality. The contribution of the four subsystems to eco-environment pressure was similar. (2) Eco-environment pressure decreased with improving urbanization quality. The coupling coordination degree between urbanization quality and eco-environment pressure increased. Spatially, the coupling coordination degree of eastern cities was higher than that of western cities. The findings of this paper will help government in planning and implementing sustainable urban development and eco-environment conservation.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban development through an application of green infrastructure in district scale – a case study of Wrocław (Poland)

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyna Surma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Urban District ◽  
The City ◽  
Historical Periods

Abstract The main goal of this article is to investigate sustainable urban development of the Central European city (Wrocław/Poland) through an environmental engineering application of SUDS (Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems) measures to managing stormwater in city sections with various land use in the same watershed area (the Ślęża River Valley). The author presents a study made in three different parts of the city (single housing district – Oporów, multihousing district – Nowy Dwór, public service district – Stadion), which were constructed in different historical periods. The analyses were supported by city masterplan, GIS software (Quantum GIS 1.7.4) and calculations made according to up-to-date specific regulations. They demonstrate the current sustainable stormwater management scenarios for areas of different land use, historical periods and function in the city. The proposed research method aims to compare sustainable urban development of the new urban district with the quarters, which had been built before the term “sustainability” became common in water and land development practice. The conducted study can be practically used as a supportive tool for urban planning authorities in Poland. The paper investigates a novel in the Polish realities method of assessment sustainability of the area through green infrastructure application in district scale.

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