scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Leaves at Different Ages in Allotriploid Populus

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1154
Author(s):  
Jiang Li ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Hairong Wei ◽  
Xiangyang Kang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
C1 Metabolism ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
N Metabolism

Triploid poplar trees have been shown to have a number of growth advantages, especially much bigger leaves that contribute greatly to the increased biomass. In this study, we focused on the relationships between leaf age and leaf metabolism in triploids. We performed comparative proteomic analysis of the 5th (FDR5), 10th (FDR10), and 25th (FDR25) leaves from the apical meristems in allotriploids originated from first-division restitution (FDR). A total of 1970, 1916, and 1850 proteins were identified in the FDR5, FDR10, and FDR25, respectively. Principle component analysis (PCA) and differentially accumulated protein (DAP) analysis showed that FDR10 and FDR25 displayed higher similarities of protein accumulation patterns as compared to FDR5. MapMan enrichment analysis showed that several primary metabolic pathways or processes were significantly enriched in the DAPs. For example, photosynthesis, major CHO metabolism, glycolysis, N metabolism, redox, C1-metabolism, DNA, and protein turnover were significantly altered in both FDR10 and FDR25 compared with FDR5. In addition, amino acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis/glyoxylate cycle also underwent significant changes in FDR25 compared with FDR5. However, only amino acid metabolism was significantly enriched in the DAPs between FDR25 and FDR10. Further, DAP accumulation pattern analysis implied that FDR5, FDR10, and FDR25 were placed in the young, mature, and primary senescence stages of leaves. The most DAPs involved in the light reaction, photorespiration, Calvin cycle, starch and sucrose metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway (OPP), tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, N metabolism, and C1-metabolism displayed higher accumulation in both FDR10 and FDR25 compared to FDR5. However, the most DAPs that are involved in cell wall and lipid metabolism, tetrapyrrole synthesis, nucleotide metabolism exhibited lower accumulation in both FDR10 and FDR25. Almost all DAPs between FDR-10 and FDR-25 showed a dramatic decrease in FDR25. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that carbon metabolism was altered significantly at different leaf ages. DAPs that are involved in carbon metabolism were predicted as different points in protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks from the STRING database. Finally, inconsistent transcript and protein abundance was found for DAPs, indicating the presence of posttranscriptional regulation during leaf-age progression process.

scholarly journals Comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal metabolic mechanisms of Nitraria sibirica Pall. to salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanyong Li ◽  
Xiaoqian Tang ◽  
Xiuyan Yang ◽  
Huaxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Extracellular Region ◽  
Nitraria Sibirica

AbstractNitraria sibirica Pall., a typical halophyte that can survive under extreme drought conditions and in saline-alkali environments, exhibits strong salt tolerance and environmental adaptability. Understanding the mechanism of molecular and physiological metabolic response to salt stress of plant will better promote the cultivation and use of halophytes. To explore the mechanism of molecular and physiological metabolic of N. sibirica response to salt stress, two-month-old seedlings were treated with 0, 100, and 400 mM NaCl. The results showed that the differentially expressed genes between 100 and 400 mmol L−1 NaCl and unsalted treatment showed significant enrichment in GO terms such as binding, cell wall, extemal encapsulating structure, extracellular region and nucleotide binding. KEGG enrichment analysis found that NaCl treatment had a significant effect on the metabolic pathways in N. sibirica leaves, which mainly including plant-pathogen interaction, amino acid metabolism of the beta alanine, arginine, proline and glycine metabolism, carbon metabolism of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and spliceosome. Metabolomics analysis found that the differential metabolites between the unsalted treatment and the NaCl treatment are mainly amino acids (proline, aspartic acid, methionine, etc.), organic acids (oxaloacetic acid, fumaric acid, nicotinic acid, etc.) and polyhydric alcohols (inositol, ribitol, etc.), etc. KEGG annotation and enrichment analysis showed that 100 mmol L−1 NaCl treatment had a greater effect on the sulfur metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism in N. sibirica leaves, while various amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle, photosynthetic carbon fixation and sulfur metabolism and other metabolic pathways have been significantly affected by 400 mmol L−1 NaCl treatment. Correlation analysis of differential genes in transcriptome and differential metabolites in metabolome have found that the genes of AMY2, BAM1, GPAT3, ASP1, CML38 and RPL4 and the metabolites of L-cysteine, proline, 4-aminobutyric acid and oxaloacetate played an important role in N. sibirica salt tolerance control. This is a further improvement of the salt tolerance mechanism of N. sibirica, and it will provide a theoretical basis and technical support for treatment of saline-alkali soil and the cultivation of halophytes.

scholarly journals Dietary Concentrate Supplementation Alters Serum Metabolic Profiles Related to Energy and Amino Acid Metabolism in Grazing Simmental Heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Chunjie Wang ◽  
Simujide Huasai ◽  
Aorigele Chen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Altered Glucose

Supplementation plays a vital role in the growth performance of grazing heifers. We investigated the effects of maize-based concentrate supplementation on the serum metabolome in grazing heifers. Twenty-four 7-month-old heifers (211.65 ± 4.25 kg BW) were randomly divided into a supplement (SUP) group and a control (CON) group. The results indicated that concentrate supplementation increased the final body weight (BW) of grazing heifers, and the average daily gain (ADG) was 61.5% (P = 0.011) higher in the SUP group than in the CON group. Serum concentrations of total protein (TP), triglyceride (TG), and leptin were higher in the SUP group than in the CON group (p < 0.05). Supplementation increased serum metabolites and amino acids and markedly altered glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, which contributed to the heifer growth. Furthermore, by multivariate analysis, 45 serum metabolites were identified as significantly different between the two groups. Enrichment analysis revealed that arginine biosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism as well as glycerophospholipid metabolism were significantly enriched between the two groups. We concluded that the growth potential of heifers could be improved by maize-based concentrate supplementation, and the main biological pathways affected were those related to energy and amino acid metabolism.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics Reveals the Spoilage-Related Factors of Shewanella putrefaciens Under Refrigerated Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengkai Yi ◽  
Jing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Shewanella Putrefaciens ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Protein ◽  
Fish Proteins

Shewanella putrefaciens is a microorganism with strong spoilage potential for aquatic products. This study aimed to investigate the potential spoilage factors of S. putrefaciens by comparative proteomic analysis. The spoilage potential of two strains of S. putrefaciens (00A and 00B) isolated from chilled spoiled bigeye tuna was investigated. The results of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine (TMA) in fish inoculated with S. putrefaciens, extracellular protease activity of S. putrefaciens, and degradation of fish proteins indicated that the spoilage potential of S. putrefaciens 00A was much higher than that of 00B. Fish proteins are usually degraded by spoilage microorganism proteases into small molecular peptides and amino acids, which are subsequently degraded into spoilage metabolites in bacterial cells, leading to deterioration of fish quality. Thus, proteomic analysis of the extracellular and intracellular proteins of 00A vs. 00B was performed. The results indicated that the intracellular differentially expressed protein (IDEP) contained 243 upregulated proteins and 308 downregulated proteins, while 78 upregulated proteins and 4 downregulated proteins were found in the extracellular differentially expressed protein (EDEP). GO annotation revealed that IDEP and EDEP were mainly involved in cellular and metabolic processes. KEGG annotation results showed that the upregulated proteins in IDEP were mainly involved in sulfur metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, while downregulated proteins were related to propanoate metabolism. In contrast, EDEP of KEGG annotation was mainly involved in ribosomes, quorum sensing, and carbohydrate metabolism. Proteins associated with spoilage containing sulfur metabolism (sulfite reductase, sulfate adenylyltransferase, adenylyl-sulfate kinase), amino acid metabolism (biosynthetic arginine decarboxylase, histidine ammonia-lyase), trimethylamine metabolism (trimethylamine-N-oxide reductase), and extracellular proteins (ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit) were identified as upregulated. These proteins may play a key role in the spoilage potential of S. putrefaciens. These findings would contribute to the identification of key spoilage factors and understanding of the spoilage mechanism of microorganisms.

scholarly journals Proteomic analysis of amino acid metabolism differences between wild and cultivated Panax ginseng

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Sun ◽  
Fangbing Liu ◽  
Liwei Sun ◽  
Jianzeng Liu ◽  
Manying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals The Global Regulator CodY in Streptococcus thermophilus Controls the Metabolic Network for Escalating Growth in the Milk Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 2349-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Lu ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
T. Wang ◽  
J. Kong
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

ABSTRACTCodY is a transcriptional regulator conserved in the low-GC group of Gram-positive bacteria. In this work, we demonstrated the presence inStreptococcus thermophilusST2017 of a functional member of the CodY family of global regulatory proteins,S. thermophilusCodY (CodYSt). The CodYStregulon was identified by transcriptome analysis; it consisted predominantly of genes involved in amino acid metabolism but also included genes involved in several other cellular processes, including carbon metabolism, nutrient transport, and stress response. It was revealed that CodYStrepressed the transformation of the central metabolic pathway to amino acid metabolism and improved lactose utilization. Furthermore, the glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdhA), repressed by CodYSt, was suggested to coordinate the interconversion between carbon metabolism and amino acid metabolism and to play an important role on the optimal growth ofS. thermophilusST2017 in milk. A conserved CodYStbox [AA(T/A)(A/T)TTCTGA(A/C)AATT] was indeed required forin vitrobinding of CodYStto the target regions of DNA. These results provided evidence for the function of CodYSt, by which this strain coordinately regulates its various metabolic pathways so as to adapt to the milk environment.

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