scholarly journals Collembolan Assemblages Response to Wild Boars (Sus scrofa L.) Rooting in Pine Forest Soil

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
Marek Sławski ◽  
Małgorzata Sławska
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Soil Microarthropods ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Disturbed Soil ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pine Forest Soil ◽  
The Impact

Collembola are an important component of soil communities in all terrestrial ecosystems. In temperate coniferous forests, they are one of the most numerous invertebrate groups, and disturbances that change their density and structure may have negative effects on soil fertility and productivity. Our goal was to determine whether intensive rooting in the forest floor by wild boars affects edaphic Collembola. Soil samples from three paired rooted and non-rooted plots in Scots pine stands were taken twice a year to study the impact of such bioturbation on forest collembolan assemblages. Substantial changes in the taxonomic and functional structure of the collembolan assemblages were identified in all disturbed plots. The abundance and number of species significantly decreased in the bioturbated forest floor. The shares of atmobiotic and hemiedaphic springtails increased at the expense of epedaphic forms. Most of the differences were evident shortly after grubbing but were not significant a few months later. The decline in moisture in disturbed soil could be an explanatory factor causing the differences in the structure and abundance of collembolan assemblages between the bioturbated and intact plots. Our study revealed that large mammals ubiquitous in forest ecosystems can be an important disturbing factor for soil microarthropods. Intensive wild boar rooting in the forest floor had a strong negative effect on the occurrence and abundance of Collembola. This kind of bioturbation also modified the functional structure of assemblages, which in turn may have important consequences for the soil food web and above- and belowground interactions.

scholarly journals Collembolan Assemblages Response to Wild Boars (Sus Scrofa L.) Rooting in Pine Forest Soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Sławski ◽  
Małgorzata Sławska
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Soil Microarthropods ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Disturbed Soil ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pine Forest Soil ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Collembola are an important component of soil communities in all terrestrial ecosystems. In temperate coniferous forests, they are one of the most numerous invertebrate groups and disturbances that change their density and structure may have negative effects on soil fertility and productivity. Our goal was to determine whether intensive rooting in the forest floor by wild boars affects edaphic Collembola. Soil samples from three paired rooted and non-rooted plots in Scots pine stands were taken twice a year to study the impact of such bioturbation on forest collembolan assemblages. Results: Substantial changes in the taxonomic and functional structure of the collembolan assemblages were identified in all disturbed plots. The abundance and number of species significantly decreased in the bioturbated forest floor. The shares of atmobiotic and hemiedaphic springtails increased at the expense of epedaphic forms. Most of the differences were evident shortly after grubbing but were not significant a few months later. The decline in moisture in disturbed soil could be an explanatory factor causing the differences in the structure and abundance of collembolan assemblages between the bioturbated and intact plots.Conclusions:Our study revealed that large mammals ubiquitous in forest ecosystems can be an important disturbing factor for soil microarthropods. Intensive wild boar rooting in the forest floor had a strong negative effect on the occurrence and abundance of Collembola. This kind of bioturbation caused also the modification to the functional structure of assemblages, which in turn may have important consequences for soil food web and above- and below-ground interactions.

Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on IT Sector. The Case of Greece

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Greek Economy ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the Information and Technology (IT) sector on the countries’ innovation development has been recognized as crucial in prior and recent research studies. Moreover, firms’ innovativeness affects positively countries’ economies. Nevertheless, the global economic crisis of the last decade constituted a significant barrier to the development of country economies and had a negative effect on firms’ performance. Specifically, the negative consequences of the global crisis became harder for Southern Europe Countries. More specifically the Greek economy was suffered by an extended period of crisis with harder consequences than those of other European countries. The main purpose of this study was to examine the financial performance of Greek IT firms in the early years of crisis. Our findings have been relevant to those of previous studies which observed negative effects of the financial recession on firms profitability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pesticides on the Microbiome of Animals

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Y. Syromyatnikov ◽  
Mariya M. Isuwa ◽  
Olga V. Savinkova ◽  
Mariya I. Derevshchikova ◽  
Vasily N. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bacterial Biodiversity ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

In recent decades an increase in the use of pesticides to protect plants from pests, diseases and weeds has been observed. There are many studies on the effects of various pesticides on non-target organisms. This review aims to analyze and summarize published scientific data on the effects of pesticides on the animal microbiome. Pesticides can affect various parameters of the animal microbiome, such as the taxonomic composition of bacteria, bacterial biodiversity, and bacterial ratios and modify the microbiome of various organisms from insects to mammals. Pesticide induced changes in the microbiome reducing the animal’s immunity. The negative effects of pesticides could pose a global problem for pollinators. Another possible negative effect of pesticides is the impact of pesticides on the intestinal microbiota of bumblebees and bees that increase the body’s sensitivity to pathogenic microflora, which leads to the death of insects. In addition, pesticides can affect vitality, mating success and characteristics of offspring. The review considers methods for correcting of bee microbiome.

scholarly journals Optimizing the seismic effects of blasting in quarries by timing

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Ján Baulovič ◽  
Blažej Pandula ◽  
Julián Kondela ◽  
Marta Prekopová
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Seismic Effects ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Blasting Operation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Recently, negative effects of the blasting operations and quantification of the seismic safety are regarded as very important technical problem in quarries. The impact of blasting operations is accompanied by both positive and negative seismic effects. For example, vibrations generated by explosion create very positive effect − when help to break the rocks, but, on the other hand, also result in negative effect − when affect constructions and natural environment in the vicinity of a blasting works site. If the vibrations are large enough, then the nearby objects could be damaged or destroyed. This article highlights the results of the blasting operation monitoring in limestone Lopušné Pažite quarry on Slovakia, which based on the rule that the negative effects depend on their range and strength. This method is applied in all quarries in Slovakia, which are close to settlements.

scholarly journals Impact of Protein Diet Supplements on Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mohammad Athar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Day By Day

Protein supplements are one of the most commonly consumed nutritional supplements, whether by professional athletes or amateurs, even by those who use them for aesthetic purposes instead of sporting ones. The thirst for becoming better is increasing day by day and so is the quest for competition. Sports have been one of the greatest of platforms to showcase one’s talent, thus leading to constant hustle for getting better day by day. To improve the performance, diet and physical appearance of the body i.e. muscle growth of athletes, sports nutrient products are developed. The use of these protein supplements in diet has increased the physiological requirement of protein but whether the use of these supplements is having positive or negative effect on the host is still a topic of debate for many. Large amount of protein derived constituents end up in the large intestine in case of high protein diets as compared to medium or low protein diets, leading to more bacterial amino acid metabolism in colon having positive as well as negative effects on the host. We, here, will try to summarize the impact of protein diet supplements on athletes.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19-Related School Closures on Student Achievement-A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Hammerstein ◽  
Christoph König ◽  
Thomas Dreisörner ◽  
Andreas Frey
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Primary And Secondary Education ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future School

The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous governments deciding to close schools for several weeks in spring 2020. Empirical evidence on the impact of COVID-19-related school closures on academic achievement is only just emerging. The present work aimed to provide a first systematic overview of evidence-based studies on general and differential effects of COVID-19-related school closures in spring 2020 on student achievement in primary and secondary education. Results indicate a negative effect of school closures on student achievement, specifically in younger students and students from families with low socioeconomic status. Moreover, certain measures can be identified that might mitigate these negative effects. The findings are discussed in the context of their possible consequences for national educational policies when facing future school closures.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19-Related School Closures on Student Achievement—A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Hammerstein ◽  
Christoph König ◽  
Thomas Dreisoerner ◽  
Andreas Frey
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future School

The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous governments deciding to close schools for several weeks in spring 2020. Empirical evidence on the impact of COVID-19-related school closures on academic achievement is only just emerging in the literature. The present work aimed to provide a first systematic overview of evidence-based studies on general and differential effects of COVID-19-related school closures in spring 2020 on student achievement in K–12. The findings indicate a considerably negative effect of school closures on student achievement specifically in younger students and students from families with low socioeconomic status. At the same time, certain measures can be identified that might mitigate these negative effects. The findings are discussed in the context of their possible consequences for future national educational policies when facing future school closures.

scholarly journals Effect of Multiple Sclerosis on Daily Activities, Emotional Well-being, and Relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Ann D. Bass ◽  
Bart Van Wijmeersch ◽  
Lori Mayer ◽  
Mathias Mäurer ◽  
Aaron Boster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Muscle Stiffness ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The vsMS survey was conducted to better understand the negative effects of fatigue, cognitive impairment, emotional burden, and decreased physical functioning on the personal, professional, and social lives of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: The vsMS survey was an online survey conducted in Australia, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States that assessed the impact of MS on individuals’ daily activities, emotional well-being, relationships, and employment. Results: The survey included 1075 participants with relapsing-remitting MS. Almost 42% of participants reported that their ability to perform and manage daily activities had worsened during the previous 2 years. More than 50% reported limitations in daily activities due to fatigue, physical weakness, problems with balance/coordination, heat/cold sensitivity, memory problems, numbness/tingling, trouble concentrating, impaired movement/muscle stiffness, and impaired sleeping. Participants also reported a negative effect on emotional and social factors, including self-esteem, general outlook, well-being, maintaining/starting relationships, ability to progress in their career/keep their job, and ability to cope with life roles. Conclusions: These data highlight the importance of addressing the impact of MS and the social and emotional disease burdens on daily activities when planning the care of patients with MS.

scholarly journals MANAGING KNOWLEDGE-RELATED BARRIERS TO TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION THROUGH EXPLOITATIVE AND EXPLORATIVE ORGANISATIONAL STRATEGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950035 ◽  
Author(s):  
NUTTANEEYA (ANN) TORUGSA ◽  
WAYNE O’DONOHUE
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Workplace Creativity

This study uses data from a sample of 31,948 European innovating firms to examine the impact that knowledge-related barriers to technological innovation have on the link between the level of such innovation and firm performance, and, to investigate the role of “exploitative” and “explorative” organisational strategies in moderating such impact. Exploitative strategies are measured by the level of organisational innovations, and exploratory strategies are measured by the level of methods for fostering workplace creativity. Using moderated hierarchical regression, the results reveal a negative effect of the interaction between technological innovation and related knowledge constraints on firm performance. They also reveal that the negative interaction effect becomes positive at high levels of organisational innovations and creativity-fostering methods. The study findings thus indicate the need for managers of technologically innovative firms to implement both exploitative and explorative organisational strategies. Doing so could help minimise the negative effects of knowledge-related barriers to technological innovation, and in turn promote innovation-based competitiveness and business success.

scholarly journals Methodical Approaches to the Identification of Gaseous Production Waste that in a Negative Effect Affect Macroeconomic Processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
O. Serdiuk ◽  
◽  
I. Petrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Production Waste ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gaseous Waste ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Impact

The negative externalities caused by gaseous production waste are quite dynamic, so they need additional study in order to find tools for their internalization. Negative externalities are currently not sufficiently studied, the question of assessing the degree of impact of gaseous production waste on macroeconomic processes remains little studied. The aim of the work is to scientifically substantiate methodological approaches to the detection of gaseous production waste that negatively affects macroeconomic processes. A methodology for identifying production wastes that negatively affect macroeconomic processes is proposed. It is based on an analytical approach that will summarize the information obtained using statistical methods and methods of in-depth data analysis. Grain and sunflower yields were chosen as a target for detecting the impact of gaseous waste. The input factors are the most common elements of gaseous production waste, namely: carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NO), soot, sulfur dioxide (SO2), non-metallic light organic compounds, carbon dioxide (CO2). The methodology for determining the degree of impact of production waste on macroeconomic processes in Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhia, Poltava and Sumy regions of Ukraine has been tested. According to the results of analytical generalization, the degree of influence of the most common elements of gaseous production waste is estimated. The results of the analysis for sulfur dioxide (SO2) and soot are informative. The obtained evaluation results should become the basis for the development of a model of internalization of negative externalities. A promising area of further research is the testing of this methodology in relation to all sectors that are potential recipients of negative effects arising from emissions of gaseous production waste.

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