scholarly journals An Assessment of Stumpage Price and the Price Index of Chinese Fir Timber Forests in Southern China Using a Hedonic Price Model

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Zhongsheng He ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Jinfu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
Logarithmic Form ◽  
Stumpage Price

Research Highlights: Stumpage price is the most important factor affecting the value of forests. Therefore, an understanding of the factors affecting stumpage prices and trends is critical for effective forest management. Background and Objectives: Chinese fir is the most important fast-growing timber species in China, it is also the tree species with the largest trading volume in the stumpage markets of Southern China. The aim of this study was to analyze the determinants and trends of stumpage prices for Chinese fir timber forests. Materials and Methods: Data on 928 sales of Chinese fir timber forests transacted between 2007 and 2016 were gathered from the stumpage markets in Southern China. We analyzed the relationship between stumpage prices and sales characteristics using the hedonic price method (HPM) and measured the stumpage price index with a dummy time hedonic index. Results: (1) The double logarithmic form of the HPM yielded a more accurate estimate than the semi logarithmic form. The R2ad values in the nine annual prediction models were all above 80%. Stock volume made the greatest contribution to stumpage price, followed by stand age. Stand area had no significant impact on the stumpage price. (2) Stumpage prices of Chinese fir timber forests fluctuated greatly, especially in 2010 and 2015 when the sequential price indexes were 180.01% and 74.95%, respectively. Taking 2007 as the baseline, we calculated the base price index in 2016 to be 197%, with an average annual growth rate of 7.82%. (3) The stumpage market was associated with a higher degree of risk than the timber market. Conclusions: Our findings provide valuable inputs that can guide and facilitate the Chinese government’s efforts to optimize resource allocation and standardize the stumpage market.

scholarly journals Shoot Blight on Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is Caused by Bipolaris oryzae

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Huang ◽  
Ya-Nan Zhu ◽  
Ji-Yun Yang ◽  
De-Wei Li ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Shoot Blight

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is a significant timber species that has been broadly cultivated in southern China. A shoot blight disease on Chinese fir seedlings was discovered in Fujian, China and a fungus was then consistently associated with the symptoms. This fungus was determined to be causing this disease, among others by fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Based on morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses with the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, partial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, partial translation elongation factor 1-α gene, and partial 28S large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, the fungus was identified as Bipolaris oryzae. These characteristics and phylogenetic analyses clearly support that this pathogen is different from B. sacchari, which was, until now, considered to be the causal agent of a similar blight on Chinese fir in Guangdong, China. The fungus was also shown to be strongly pathogenic to rice, one of the most susceptible hosts to B. oryzae. Crop rotation involving rice is often carried out with Chinese fir in southern China, a practice that most likely increases the risk of shoot blight on C. lanceolata. To our knowledge, shoot blight caused by B. oryzae is reported for the first time in a gymnosperm species.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Phosphorus Distribution and Relationship in Soils and Plants under Different Aged Chinese Fir Plantation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1271
Author(s):  
Zhen’an Yang ◽  
Zhibin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Coarse Roots ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
P Pools

As essential nutrients for plant growth and development, the balance of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) between soils and plants is a key component to ecosystem stability. In this study, we examined the distribution of nutrients in the soils and different organs of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) in Hunan Province, southern China. Additionally, we investigated the nutrient concentrations in soil layers (0–80 cm depth) and in plant organs, and the total biomass of 10-, 20-, and 30-year-old plantations. The results suggested that the nutrients in the soil were aggregated in the surface layer. The highest and lowest values of N concentrations in 0–80 cm soil layers and P concentrations in 0–40 cm soil layers were both in 30-year-old plantations and 20-year-old plantations, respectively. Nitrogen in the organs of Chinese fir in all plantations and P concentrations in the organs of 20- and 30-year-old trees decreased in the following order: leaves, fine roots, coarse roots, and stems. Total biomass (N and P pools of four organs) increased consistently with stand age increase, and N and P pools were the highest in leaves and stems, respectively. There were significant, positive correlations between N and P in the soil (0–80 cm), and organs, respectively, and also between N concentrations of fine roots and that of 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil, respectively. In Chinese fir plantations, concentrations of nutrients in specific tree organs and the soil were correlated positively, which can only partially explain the balance of nutrients within the plant–soil ecosystem. This study suggested that incorrect harvesting patterns may effectively deprive the forest ecosystem of valuable nutrients that would ordinarily have been returned to the soil.

Several Important Diseases of Chinese Fir Plantations and their Control Measures

2011 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 727-732
Author(s):  
He Li ◽  
Guo Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia Lanceolata) is a unique fast growing merchantable timber species in China with good materials, and is a major fast growing timber species in provinces of southern China. With the increase in Chinese fir plantation areas and the improvement in the degree of pure forests, the diseases of Chinese fir are increasing and their damages are getting worse, which have caused great losses and affected the sustainable, rapid and healthy development of forestry in China. This article gives a description of pathogenies, symptoms and occurrence regularities of four important diseases of Chinese fir, including Glomerella cingulata, Pestalotia Sp., Pseudomonas cunninghamiae and Chlorosis, and puts forward the corresponding control measures of these diseases, which provides an important basis for disease control of Chinese fir plantations.

scholarly journals Construction Of Hedonic Price Index For The “Most Liquid” Polish Painters

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-100
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kompa ◽  
Dorota Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Art Market ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Quality Adjustment ◽  
Good Investment ◽  
Hedonic Quality ◽  
Hedonic Index

Abstract Art market has been developing in Poland and the first Art Fund was established in 2011. Therefore it seems that investment in art can be considered as alternative form by Polish investors. In order to decide whether art is a good investment, it is necessary to evaluate expected returns which might be obtained from such investment thus an art price index should be developed. The aim of the paper is to discuss artworks as investment assets and evaluate price index of paintings produced by 11 Polish artists whose artworks were traded the most often on auctions that were held in Poland in the years 2007–2010. In our research, employing data concerning 750 objects, we apply the hedonic index methodology to estimate returns from the paintings market. The results of our investigation show that hedonic quality adjustment essentially influences evaluation of artwork prices therefore we propose the aggregated hedonic index which might better describe situation at the art market than the hedonic index biased by the specification of a single model.

Pricing IaaS: A Hedonic Price Index Approach

2017 ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Persefoni Mitropoulou ◽  
Evangelia Filiopoulou ◽  
Mara Nikolaidou ◽  
Christos Michalakelis
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
Index Approach

scholarly journals Inflation and Price Escalation Adjustments in Estimating Program Cost: F-35 Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (92) ◽  
pp. 194-217
Author(s):  
Stanley Horowitz ◽  
Bruce Harmon
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
Cost Estimating ◽  
Program Cost ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Price Indexes ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Price Escalation

Applying price indexes presents a challenge in estimating the costs of new defense systems. An inappropriate price index—one not closely linked to the inputs to the systems being costed—can introduce errors in both development of cost estimating relationships (CER) and in development of out-year budgets. To help cost analysts understand the impacts of different price indexes, this article applies two sets of price indexes to the F-35 program. Using hedonic price indexes derived from CERs, the authors isolate changes in price due to factors other than changes in quality by developing a “Baseline” CER model using data on historical tactical aircraft programs available early in the F-35 program. The focus of the work is to improve estimates of acquisition costs. All the data used in the econometric analysis are acquisition cost data. Better cost estimates should improve projections of budget requirements.

scholarly journals CROWN MORPHOMETRY FOR TWO VALUABLE TIMBER SPECIES FROM MIOMBO WOODLAND IN MOZAMBIQUE

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-326
Author(s):  
Noé dos Santos Ananias Hofiço Hofiço ◽  
Emanuel Arnoni Costa ◽  
Frederico Dimas Fleig ◽  
César Augusto Guimarães Finger
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Miombo Woodland ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Pterocarpus Angolensis ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Individual Trees

Pterocarpus angolensis DC and Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema are two hardwood species found in Miombo woodland. Crown size, being closely related to the photosynthetic capacity of a tree, is an important parameter in studies of the growth of individual trees. In this sense, the present study aimed to study the morphometric relationships of P. angolensis and B. madagascariensis as a resource to describe the morphometric features of these species. Data were sampled in 60 rectangular plots of 20 x 50 m, systematically distributed within the forest. In each plot, the diameter at breast height (DBH), height (h), crown insertion point (cih) and four crown radii of all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured. Results indicated that crown diameter and crown length of P. angolensis grow as DBH and height increase, the larger the crown, the greater the trees dimensions; as for B. madagascariensis, crown features have shown low correlation when considering DBH. It was concluded that crown features influence on tree growth and are important measures of description and planning of silvicultural activities to be performed in natural forests. The results are of interest to forest managers since they make decisions about silvicultural operations. Keywords: crown dimensions; prediction models; umbila; pau-ferro; forest management.

Effects of stand age on soil respiration in Pinus massoniana plantations in the hilly red soil region of Southern China

CATENA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunyong Yu ◽  
Xiong Yao ◽  
Yangbo Deng ◽  
Zhuangjie Lai ◽  
Lingchen Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Hilly Red Soil Region

scholarly journals Cloning and Functional Analysis of Lignin Biosynthesis Genes Cf4CL and CfCCoAOMT in Cryptomeria fortunei

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhao Guo ◽  
Hui Hua ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Jiaxing Mo ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Vascular Cambium ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Lignin Synthesis

Cryptomeria fortunei, also known as the Chinese cedar, is an important timber species in southern China. The primary component of its woody tissues is lignin, mainly present in secondary cell walls. Therefore, continuous lignin synthesis is crucial for wood formation. In this study, we aimed to discover key genes involved in lignin synthesis expressed in the vascular cambium of C. fortunei. Through transcriptome sequencing, we detected expression of two genes, 4CL and CCoAOMT, known to be homologous to enzymes involved in the lignin synthesis pathway. We studied the function of these genes through bioinformatics analysis, cloning, vascular cambium expression analysis, and transgenic cross-species functional validation studies. Our results show that Cf4CL and CfCCoAOMT do indeed function in the pathway of lignin synthesis and likely perform this function in C. fortunei. They are prime candidates for future (gene-editing) studies aimed at optimizing C. fortunei wood production.

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